std::ranges::replace, std::ranges::replace_if
来自cppreference.com
| 在标头 <algorithm> 定义
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| 调用签名 |
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| (C++20 起) (C++26 前) |
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(C++26 起) | |
| (2) | ||
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(C++20 起) (C++26 前) |
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(C++26 起) | |
| (3) | ||
| (C++20 起) (C++26 前) |
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(C++26 起) | |
| (4) | ||
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(C++20 起) (C++26 前) |
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(C++26 起) | |
以 new_value 替换范围 [first, last) 中所有满足特定判别标准的元素。
1) 替换所有等于
old_value 的元素。用 std::invoke(proj, *i) == old_value 比较。3) 替换所有谓词
pred 对其求值为 true 的元素,其中求值的表达式为 std::invoke(pred, std::invoke(proj, *i))。2,4) 同 (1,3),但以
r 为范围,如同以 ranges::begin(r) 为 first 并以 ranges::end(r) 为 last。此页面上描述的函数式实体是算法函数对象(非正式地称为 niebloid),即:
参数
| first, last | - | 要处理的元素范围的迭代器-哨位对 |
| r | - | 要处理的元素范围 |
| old_value | - | 要替换的元素的值 |
| new_value | - | 要用作替换品的值 |
| pred | - | 应用到投影后元素的谓词 |
| proj | - | 应用到谓词的投影 |
返回值
等于 last 的迭代器。
复杂度
准确应用 ranges::distance(first, last) 次对应的谓词 comp 与任何投影 proj。
注解
由于算法按引用接收 old_value 与 new_value ,它可能在任一参数为到范围 [first, last) 中元素的引用时有非期待的行为。
| 功能特性测试宏 | 值 | 标准 | 功能特性 |
|---|---|---|---|
__cpp_lib_algorithm_default_value_type |
202403 |
(C++26) | 算法中的列表初始化 (1-4) |
可能的实现
| replace (1,2) |
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struct replace_fn
{
template<std::input_iterator I, std::sentinel_for<I> S, class Proj = std::identity,
class T1 = std::projected_value_t<I, Proj>, class T2 = T1>
requires std::indirectly_writable<I, const T2&> &&
std::indirect_binary_predicate
<ranges::equal_to, std::projected<I, Proj>, const T1*>
constexpr I operator()(I first, S last, const T1& old_value,
const T2& new_value, Proj proj = {}) const
{
for (; first != last; ++first)
if (old_value == std::invoke(proj, *first))
*first = new_value;
return first;
}
template<ranges::input_range R, class Proj = std::identity
class T1 = std::projected_value_t<ranges::iterator_t<R>, Proj>,
class T2 = T1>
requires std::indirectly_writable<ranges::iterator_t<R>, const T2&> &&
std::indirect_binary_predicate<ranges::equal_to,
std::projected<ranges::iterator_t<R>, Proj>, const T1*>
constexpr ranges::borrowed_iterator_t<R>
operator()(R&& r, const T1& old_value,
const T2& new_value, Proj proj = {}) const
{
return (*this)(ranges::begin(r), ranges::end(r), old_value,
new_value, std::move(proj));
}
};
inline constexpr replace_fn replace{};
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| replace_if (3,4) |
struct replace_if_fn
{
template<std::input_iterator I, std::sentinel_for<I> S,
class Proj = std::identity, class T = std::projected_value_t<I, Proj>,
std::indirect_unary_predicate<std::projected<I, Proj>> Pred>
requires std::indirectly_writable<I, const T&>
constexpr I operator()(I first, S last, Pred pred,
const T& new_value, Proj proj = {}) const
{
for (; first != last; ++first)
if (!!std::invoke(pred, std::invoke(proj, *first)))
*first = new_value;
return std::move(first);
}
template<ranges::input_range R, class Proj = std::identity,
class T = std::projected_value_t<ranges::iterator_t<R>, Proj>
std::indirect_unary_predicate
<std::projected<ranges::iterator_t<R>, Proj>> Pred>
requires std::indirectly_writable<ranges::iterator_t<R>, const T&>
constexpr ranges::borrowed_iterator_t<R>
operator()(R&& r, Pred pred, const T& new_value, Proj proj = {}) const
{
return (*this)(ranges::begin(r), ranges::end(r), std::move(pred),
new_value, std::move(proj));
}
};
inline constexpr replace_if_fn replace_if{};
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示例
运行此代码
#include <algorithm>
#include <array>
#include <complex>
#include <iostream>
void println(const auto& v)
{
for (const auto& e : v)
std::cout << e << ' ';
std::cout << '\n';
}
int main()
{
namespace ranges = std::ranges;
std::array p{1, 6, 1, 6, 1, 6};
println(p);
ranges::replace(p, 6, 9);
println(p);
std::array q{1, 2, 3, 6, 7, 8, 4, 5};
println(q);
ranges::replace_if(q, [](int x) { return 5 < x; }, 5);
println(q);
std::array<std::complex<double>, 2> nums{{{1, 3}, {1, 3}}};
println(nums);
#ifdef __cpp_lib_algorithm_default_value_type
ranges::replace(nums, {1, 3}, {4, 2});
#else
ranges::replace(nums, std::complex<double>{1, 3}, std::complex<double>{4, 2});
#endif
println(nums);
}
输出:
1 6 1 6 1 6
1 9 1 9 1 9
1 2 3 6 7 8 4 5
1 2 3 5 5 5 4 5
(1,3) (1,3)
(4,2) (4,2)
