…r and PyLongValue struct. (pythonGH-101292)

Needed after python/cpython#101292

See cython#5238

Needed after python/cpython#101292

See cython#5238

Needed after python/cpython#101292

See #5238

- generated c files are outdated due to [GH-101291](python/cpython#101292)

- generated c files are outdated due to [GH-101291](python/cpython#101292)

- generated c files are outdated due to [GH-101291](python/cpython#101292)

- generated c files are outdated due to [GH-101291](python/cpython#101292)

…,PR112520]

In GCC 14 the testsuite gained a plugin that "teaches" the analyzer
about the CPython API, trying for find common mistakes:
  https://gcc.gnu.org/wiki/StaticAnalyzer/CPython

Unfortunately, this has been crashing for more recent versions of
CPython.

Specifically, in Python 3.11,  PyObject's ob_refcnt was moved to an
anonymous union (as part of PEP 683 "Immortal Objects, Using a Fixed
Refcount").  The plugin attempts to find the field but fails, but has
no error-handling, leading to a null pointer dereference.

Also, python/cpython#101292 moved the "ob_digit"
from struct _longobject to a new field long_value of a new
struct _PyLongValue, leading to similar analyzer crashes when not
finding the field.

The following patch fixes this by
* looking within the anonymous union for the ob_refcnt field if it can't
find it directly
* gracefully handling the case of not finding "ob_digit" in PyLongObject
* doing more lookups once at plugin startup, rather than continuously on
analyzing API calls
* adding diagnostics and more error-handling to the plugin startup, so that
if it can't find something in the Python headers it emits a useful note
when disabling itself, e.g.
  cc1: note: could not find field 'ob_digit' of CPython type 'PyLongObject' {aka 'struct _longobject'}
* replacing some copy-and-pasted code with member functions of a new
"class api" (though various other cleanups could be done)

Tested with:
* CPython 3.8: all tests continue to PASS
* CPython 3.13: fixes the ICEs, 2 FAILs remain (reference counting false
negatives)

Given that this is already a large patch, I'm opting to only fix the
crashes and defer the 2 remainings FAILs and other cleanups to followup
work.

gcc/analyzer/ChangeLog:
	PR testsuite/112520
	* region-model-manager.cc
	(region_model_manager::get_field_region): Assert that the args are non-null.

gcc/testsuite/ChangeLog:
	PR analyzer/107646
	PR testsuite/112520
	* gcc.dg/plugin/analyzer_cpython_plugin.cc: Move everything from
	namespace ana:: into ana::cpython_plugin.  Move global tree values
	into a new "class api".
	(pyobj_record): Replace with api.m_type_PyObject.
	(pyobj_ptr_tree): Replace with api.m_type_PyObject_ptr.
	(pyobj_ptr_ptr): Replace with  api.m_type_PyObject_ptr_ptr.
	(varobj_record): Replace with api.m_type_PyVarObject.
	(pylistobj_record): Replace with api.m_type_PyListObject.
	(pylongobj_record): Replace with api.m_type_PyLongObject.
	(pylongtype_vardecl): Replace with api.m_vardecl_PyLong_Type.
	(pylisttype_vardecl): Replace with api.m_vardecl_PyList_Type.
	(get_field_by_name): Add "complain" param and use it to issue a
	note on failure.  Assert that type and	name are non-null.  Don't
	crash on fields that are anonymous unions, and special-case
	looking within them for "ob_refcnt" to	work around the
	Python 3.11 change for PEP 683 (immortal objects).
	(get_sizeof_pyobjptr): Convert to...
	(api::get_sval_sizeof_PyObject_ptr): ...this
	(init_ob_refcnt_field): Convert to...
	(api::init_ob_refcnt_field): ...this.
	(set_ob_type_field): Convert to...
	(api::set_ob_type_field): ..this.
	(api::init_PyObject_HEAD): New.
	(api::get_region_PyObject_ob_refcnt): New.
	(api::do_Py_INCREF): New.
	(api::get_region_PyVarObject_ob_size): New.
	(api::get_region_PyLongObject_ob_digit): New.
	(inc_field_val): Convert to...
	(api::inc_field_val): ...this.
	(refcnt_mismatch::refcnt_mismatch): Add tree params for refcounts
	and initialize corresponding fields.  Fix whitespace.
	(refcnt_mismatch::emit): Use stored tree values, rather than
	assuming we have constants, and crashing non-constants.  Delete
	commented-out dead code.
	(refcnt_mismatch::foo): Delete.
	(refcnt_mismatch::m_expected_refcnt_tree): New field.
	(refcnt_mismatch::m_actual_refcnt_tree): New field.
	(retrieve_ob_refcnt_sval): Simplify using class api.
	(count_pyobj_references): Likewise.
	(check_refcnt): Likewise.  Don't warn on UNKNOWN values.  Use
	get_representative_tree for the expected and actual values and
	skip the warning if it fails, rather than assuming we have
	constants and crashing on non-constants.
	(count_all_references): Update comment.
	(kf_PyList_Append::impl_call_pre): Simplify using class api.
	(kf_PyList_Append::impl_call_post): Likewise.
	(kf_PyList_New::impl_call_post): Likewise.
	(kf_PyLong_FromLong::impl_call_post): Likewise.
	(get_stashed_type_by_name): Emit note if the type couldn't be
	found.
	(get_stashed_global_var_by_name): Likewise for globals.
	(init_py_structs): Convert to...
	(api::init_from_stashed_types): ...this.  Bail out with an error
	code if anything fails.  Look up more things at startup, rather
	than during analysis of calls.
	(ana::cpython_analyzer_events_subscriber): Rename to...
	(ana::cpython_plugin::analyzer_events_subscriber): ...this.
	(analyzer_events_subscriber::analyzer_events_subscriber):
	Initialize m_init_failed.
	(analyzer_events_subscriber::on_message<on_tu_finished>):
	Update for conversion of init_py_structs to
	api::init_from_stashed_types and bail if it fails.
	(analyzer_events_subscriber::on_message<on_frame_popped): Don't
	run if plugin initialization failed.
	(analyzer_events_subscriber::m_init_failed): New field.

Signed-off-by: David Malcolm <dmalcolm@redhat.com>