panva · Aug 24, 2026 · Aug 24, 2026 · Aug 23, 2026
diff --git a/benchmark/crypto/class-construction.js b/benchmark/crypto/class-construction.js
@@ -0,0 +1,86 @@
+'use strict';
+
+const common = require('../common.js');
+const assert = require('node:assert');
+const crypto = require('node:crypto');
+const fs = require('node:fs');
+const path = require('node:path');
+
+const fixtureDir = path.resolve(__dirname, '../../test/fixtures/keys');
+const certificate = fs.readFileSync(path.join(fixtureDir, 'agent1-cert.pem'));
+const dhPrime = crypto.getDiffieHellman('modp14').getPrime();
+const key = Buffer.alloc(32, 0x01);
+const keyObject = crypto.createSecretKey(key);
+const hmacAlgorithm = { name: 'HMAC', hash: 'SHA-256' };
+const keyUsages = ['sign'];
+const iv = Buffer.alloc(16, 0x02);
+
+const iterations = {
+  Certificate: 1e7,
+  Cipheriv: 1e5,
+  Decipheriv: 1e5,
+  DiffieHellman: 10,
+  DiffieHellmanGroup: 2e5,
+  ECDH: 2e5,
+  Hash: 1e5,
+  Hmac: 5e4,
+  KeyObject: 1e5,
+  Sign: 1e5,
+  Verify: 1e5,
+  CryptoKey: 5e4,
+  X509Certificate: 5e3,
+};
+
+const bench = common.createBenchmark(main, {
+  type: Object.keys(iterations),
+  n: [...new Set(Object.values(iterations))],
+}, {
+  combinationFilter({ type, n }) {
+    // Benchmark test mode reduces numeric options to 1.
+    return n === 1 || iterations[type] === n;
+  },
+});
+
+function construct(type) {
+  switch (type) {
+    case 'Certificate':
+      return new crypto.Certificate();
+    case 'Cipheriv':
+      return crypto.createCipheriv('aes-256-ctr', key, iv);
+    case 'Decipheriv':
+      return crypto.createDecipheriv('aes-256-ctr', key, iv);
+    case 'DiffieHellman':
+      return crypto.createDiffieHellman(dhPrime);
+    case 'DiffieHellmanGroup':
+      return crypto.getDiffieHellman('modp14');
+    case 'ECDH':
+      return crypto.createECDH('prime256v1');
+    case 'Hash':
+      return crypto.createHash('sha256');
+    case 'Hmac':
+      return crypto.createHmac('sha256', key);
+    case 'KeyObject':
+      return crypto.createSecretKey(key);
+    case 'Sign':
+      return crypto.createSign('sha256');
+    case 'Verify':
+      return crypto.createVerify('sha256');
+    case 'CryptoKey':
+      return keyObject.toCryptoKey(hmacAlgorithm, true, keyUsages);
+    case 'X509Certificate':
+      return new crypto.X509Certificate(certificate);
+    default:
+      throw new Error(`Unsupported class: ${type}`);
+  }
+}
+
+function main({ type, n }) {
+  const instances = new Array(n);
+
+  bench.start();
+  for (let i = 0; i < n; ++i)
+    instances[i] = construct(type);
+  bench.end(n);
+
+  assert.strictEqual(typeof instances[n - 1], 'object');
+}
diff --git a/benchmark/crypto/class-methods.js b/benchmark/crypto/class-methods.js
@@ -0,0 +1,206 @@
+'use strict';
+
+const common = require('../common.js');
+const crypto = require('node:crypto');
+const fs = require('node:fs');
+const path = require('node:path');
+
+const fixtureDir = path.resolve(__dirname, '../../test/fixtures/keys');
+const certificate = fs.readFileSync(path.join(fixtureDir, 'agent1-cert.pem'));
+const key = Buffer.alloc(32, 0x01);
+const hmacAlgorithm = { name: 'HMAC', hash: 'SHA-256' };
+const keyUsages = ['sign'];
+const iv = Buffer.alloc(16, 0x02);
+const input = Buffer.alloc(16, 0x03);
+
+const iterations = {
+  'Cipheriv-update': 1e6,
+  'Decipheriv-update': 1e6,
+  'DiffieHellman-getGenerator': 2e5,
+  'DiffieHellmanGroup-getGenerator': 2e6,
+  'ECDH-getPrivateKey': 2e6,
+  'Hash-update': 5e6,
+  'Hmac-update': 5e6,
+  'KeyObject-equals': 2e6,
+  'KeyObject-symmetricKeySize-first': 1e5,
+  'KeyObject-type-first': 1e5,
+  'KeyObject-type': 1e8,
+  'Sign-update': 5e6,
+  'Verify-update': 5e6,
+  'CryptoKey-toKeyObject': 2e5,
+  'CryptoKey-algorithm-first': 1e5,
+  'CryptoKey-extractable-first': 1e5,
+  'CryptoKey-type-first': 1e5,
+  'CryptoKey-usages-first': 1e5,
+  'CryptoKey-type': 1e8,
+  'X509Certificate-checkHost': 1e6,
+  'X509Certificate-publicKey-first': 5e3,
+  'X509Certificate-publicKey': 1e8,
+  'X509Certificate-subject-first': 5e3,
+  'X509Certificate-subject': 1e8,
+};
+
+const bench = common.createBenchmark(main, {
+  operation: Object.keys(iterations),
+  n: [...new Set(Object.values(iterations))],
+}, {
+  combinationFilter({ operation, n }) {
+    // Benchmark test mode reduces numeric options to 1.
+    return n === 1 || iterations[operation] === n;
+  },
+});
+
+function setup(operation) {
+  switch (operation) {
+    case 'Cipheriv-update': {
+      const cipher = crypto.createCipheriv('aes-256-ctr', key, iv);
+      return {
+        run: () => cipher.update(input),
+        finish: () => cipher.final(),
+      };
+    }
+    case 'Decipheriv-update': {
+      const decipher = crypto.createDecipheriv('aes-256-ctr', key, iv);
+      return {
+        run: () => decipher.update(input),
+        finish: () => decipher.final(),
+      };
+    }
+    case 'DiffieHellman-getGenerator': {
+      const dh = crypto.createDiffieHellman(
+        crypto.getDiffieHellman('modp14').getPrime());
+      return { run: () => dh.getGenerator() };
+    }
+    case 'DiffieHellmanGroup-getGenerator': {
+      const dh = crypto.getDiffieHellman('modp14');
+      return { run: () => dh.getGenerator() };
+    }
+    case 'ECDH-getPrivateKey': {
+      const ecdh = crypto.createECDH('prime256v1');
+      ecdh.generateKeys();
+      return { run: () => ecdh.getPrivateKey() };
+    }
+    case 'Hash-update': {
+      const hash = crypto.createHash('sha256');
+      return {
+        run: () => hash.update(input),
+        finish: () => hash.digest(),
+      };
+    }
+    case 'Hmac-update': {
+      const hmac = crypto.createHmac('sha256', key);
+      return {
+        run: () => hmac.update(input),
+        finish: () => hmac.digest(),
+      };
+    }
+    case 'KeyObject-equals': {
+      const keyObject = crypto.createSecretKey(key);
+      return { run: () => keyObject.equals(keyObject) };
+    }
+    case 'KeyObject-symmetricKeySize-first': {
+      return { run: () => crypto.createSecretKey(key).symmetricKeySize };
+    }
+    case 'KeyObject-type-first': {
+      return { run: () => crypto.createSecretKey(key).type };
+    }
+    case 'KeyObject-type': {
+      const keyObjects = Array.from(
+        { length: 64 }, () => crypto.createSecretKey(key));
+      for (const keyObject of keyObjects) {
+        if (keyObject.type !== 'secret')
+          throw new Error('Unexpected KeyObject type');
+      }
+      let index = 0;
+      return { run: () => keyObjects[index++ & 63].type };
+    }
+    case 'Sign-update': {
+      const sign = crypto.createSign('sha256');
+      return { run: () => sign.update(input) };
+    }
+    case 'Verify-update': {
+      const verify = crypto.createVerify('sha256');
+      return { run: () => verify.update(input) };
+    }
+    case 'CryptoKey-toKeyObject': {
+      const keyObject = crypto.createSecretKey(key);
+      const cryptoKey = keyObject.toCryptoKey(
+        hmacAlgorithm, true, keyUsages);
+      return { run: () => crypto.KeyObject.from(cryptoKey) };
+    }
+    case 'CryptoKey-algorithm-first':
+    case 'CryptoKey-extractable-first':
+    case 'CryptoKey-type-first':
+    case 'CryptoKey-usages-first': {
+      const keyObject = crypto.createSecretKey(key);
+      const property = operation.slice('CryptoKey-'.length, -'-first'.length);
+      return {
+        run: () => keyObject.toCryptoKey(
+          hmacAlgorithm, true, keyUsages)[property],
+      };
+    }
+    case 'CryptoKey-type': {
+      const keyObject = crypto.createSecretKey(key);
+      const cryptoKeys = Array.from(
+        { length: 64 },
+        () => keyObject.toCryptoKey(hmacAlgorithm, true, keyUsages));
+      for (const cryptoKey of cryptoKeys) {
+        if (cryptoKey.type !== 'secret')
+          throw new Error('Unexpected CryptoKey type');
+      }
+      let index = 0;
+      return { run: () => cryptoKeys[index++ & 63].type };
+    }
+    case 'X509Certificate-checkHost': {
+      const x509 = new crypto.X509Certificate(certificate);
+      return { run: () => x509.checkHost('agent1') };
+    }
+    case 'X509Certificate-publicKey-first': {
+      return {
+        run: () => new crypto.X509Certificate(certificate).publicKey,
+      };
+    }
+    case 'X509Certificate-publicKey': {
+      const certificates = Array.from(
+        { length: 64 }, () => new crypto.X509Certificate(certificate));
+      for (const x509 of certificates) {
+        if (x509.publicKey === undefined)
+          throw new Error('Missing certificate public key');
+      }
+      let index = 0;
+      return { run: () => certificates[index++ & 63].publicKey };
+    }
+    case 'X509Certificate-subject-first': {
+      return {
+        run: () => new crypto.X509Certificate(certificate).subject,
+      };
+    }
+    case 'X509Certificate-subject': {
+      const certificates = Array.from(
+        { length: 64 }, () => new crypto.X509Certificate(certificate));
+      for (const x509 of certificates) {
+        if (x509.subject === undefined)
+          throw new Error('Missing certificate subject');
+      }
+      let index = 0;
+      return { run: () => certificates[index++ & 63].subject };
+    }
+    default:
+      throw new Error(`Unsupported operation: ${operation}`);
+  }
+}
+
+function main({ operation, n }) {
+  const state = setup(operation);
+  let result;
+
+  bench.start();
+  for (let i = 0; i < n; ++i)
+    result = state.run();
+  bench.end(n);
+
+  if (state.finish)
+    state.finish();
+  if (result === state)
+    throw new Error('Unexpected benchmark result');
+}
diff --git a/lib/eslint.config_partial.mjs b/lib/eslint.config_partial.mjs
@@ -445,8 +445,8 @@ export default [
       'node-core/lowercase-name-for-primitive': 'error',
       'node-core/non-ascii-character': 'error',
       'node-core/no-array-destructuring': 'error',
+      'node-core/no-crypto-class-instanceof': 'error',
       'node-core/no-cryptokey-public-accessors': 'error',
-      'node-core/no-keyobject-cryptokey-instanceof': 'error',
       'node-core/no-keyobject-public-accessors': 'error',
       'node-core/prefer-primordials': [
         'error',