python · markshannon · Jun 17, 2025 · Jun 16, 2025 · Jun 16, 2025 · Jun 16, 2025
diff --git a/Include/internal/pycore_uop_ids.h b/Include/internal/pycore_uop_ids.h
diff --git a/Include/internal/pycore_uop_metadata.h b/Include/internal/pycore_uop_metadata.h
@@ -4946,8 +4946,7 @@ dummy_func(
             res = PyStackRef_FromPyObjectSteal(res_o);
         }
 
-        pure inst(COPY, (bottom, unused[oparg-1] -- bottom, unused[oparg-1], top)) {
-            assert(oparg > 0);
+        pure replicate(1:4) inst(COPY, (bottom, unused[oparg-1] -- bottom, unused[oparg-1], top)) {
             top = PyStackRef_DUP(bottom);
         }
 
@@ -4980,12 +4979,11 @@ dummy_func(
 
         macro(BINARY_OP) = _SPECIALIZE_BINARY_OP + unused/4 + _BINARY_OP;
 
-        pure inst(SWAP, (bottom, unused[oparg-2], top --
+        pure replicate(2:4) inst(SWAP, (bottom, unused[oparg-2], top --
                     bottom, unused[oparg-2], top)) {
             _PyStackRef temp = bottom;
             bottom = top;
             top = temp;
-            assert(oparg >= 2);
         }
 
         inst(INSTRUMENTED_LINE, ( -- )) {

diff --git a/Python/executor_cases.c.h b/Python/executor_cases.c.h
diff --git a/Python/generated_cases.c.h b/Python/generated_cases.c.h
@@ -1292,8 +1292,8 @@ uop_optimize(
     for (int pc = 0; pc < length; pc++) {
         int opcode = buffer[pc].opcode;
         int oparg = buffer[pc].oparg;
-        if (oparg < _PyUop_Replication[opcode]) {
-            buffer[pc].opcode = opcode + oparg + 1;
+        if (oparg < _PyUop_Replication[opcode].stop && oparg >= _PyUop_Replication[opcode].start) {
+            buffer[pc].opcode = opcode + oparg + 1 - _PyUop_Replication[opcode].start;
             assert(strncmp(_PyOpcode_uop_name[buffer[pc].opcode], _PyOpcode_uop_name[opcode], strlen(_PyOpcode_uop_name[opcode])) == 0);
         }
         else if (is_terminator(&buffer[pc])) {

@@ -180,7 +180,7 @@ class Uop:
     properties: Properties
     _size: int = -1
     implicitly_created: bool = False
-    replicated = 0
+    replicated = range(0)
     replicates: "Uop | None" = None
     # Size of the instruction(s), only set for uops containing the INSTRUCTION_SIZE macro
     instruction_size: int | None = None
@@ -868,6 +868,28 @@ def compute_properties(op: parser.CodeDef) -> Properties:
         needs_prev=variable_used(op, "prev_instr"),
     )
 
+def expand(items: list[StackItem], oparg: int) -> list[StackItem]:
+    # Only replace array item with scalar if no more than one item is an array
+    index = -1
+    for i, item in enumerate(items):
+        if "oparg" in item.size:
+            if index >= 0:
+                return items
+            index = i
+    if index < 0:
+        return items
+    try:
+        count = int(eval(items[index].size.replace("oparg", str(oparg))))
+    except ValueError:
+        return items
+    return items[:index] + [
+        StackItem(items[index].name + f"_{i}", "", items[index].peek, items[index].used) for i in range(count)
+        ] + items[index+1:]
+
+def scalarize_stack(stack: StackEffect, oparg: int) -> StackEffect:
+    stack.inputs = expand(stack.inputs, oparg)
+    stack.outputs = expand(stack.outputs, oparg)
+    return stack
 
 def make_uop(
     name: str,
@@ -887,20 +909,26 @@ def make_uop(
     )
     for anno in op.annotations:
         if anno.startswith("replicate"):
-            result.replicated = int(anno[10:-1])
+            text = anno[10:-1]
+            start, stop = text.split(":")
+            result.replicated = range(int(start), int(stop))
             break
     else:
         return result
-    for oparg in range(result.replicated):
+    for oparg in result.replicated:
         name_x = name + "_" + str(oparg)
         properties = compute_properties(op)
         properties.oparg = False
-        properties.const_oparg = oparg
+        stack = analyze_stack(op)
+        if not variable_used(op, "oparg"):
+            stack = scalarize_stack(stack, oparg)
+        else:
+            properties.const_oparg = oparg
         rep = Uop(
             name=name_x,
             context=op.context,
             annotations=op.annotations,
-            stack=analyze_stack(op),
+            stack=stack,
             caches=analyze_caches(inputs),
             local_stores=find_variable_stores(op),
             body=op.block,

@@ -379,9 +379,13 @@ def inst_header(self) -> InstHeader | None:
         while anno := self.expect(lx.ANNOTATION):
             if anno.text == "replicate":
                 self.require(lx.LPAREN)
-                times = self.require(lx.NUMBER)
+                stop = self.require(lx.NUMBER)
+                start_text = "0"
+                if self.expect(lx.COLON):
+                    start_text = stop.text
+                    stop = self.require(lx.NUMBER)
                 self.require(lx.RPAREN)
-                annotations.append(f"replicate({times.text})")
+                annotations.append(f"replicate({start_text}:{stop.text})")
             else:
                 annotations.append(anno.text)
         tkn = self.expect(lx.INST)

@@ -24,7 +24,8 @@
 
 def generate_names_and_flags(analysis: Analysis, out: CWriter) -> None:
     out.emit("extern const uint16_t _PyUop_Flags[MAX_UOP_ID+1];\n")
-    out.emit("extern const uint8_t _PyUop_Replication[MAX_UOP_ID+1];\n")
+    out.emit("typedef struct _rep_range { uint8_t start; uint8_t stop; } ReplicationRange;\n")
+    out.emit("extern const ReplicationRange _PyUop_Replication[MAX_UOP_ID+1];\n")
     out.emit("extern const char * const _PyOpcode_uop_name[MAX_UOP_ID+1];\n\n")
     out.emit("extern int _PyUop_num_popped(int opcode, int oparg);\n\n")
     out.emit("#ifdef NEED_OPCODE_METADATA\n")
@@ -34,10 +35,11 @@ def generate_names_and_flags(analysis: Analysis, out: CWriter) -> None:
             out.emit(f"[{uop.name}] = {cflags(uop.properties)},\n")
 
     out.emit("};\n\n")
-    out.emit("const uint8_t _PyUop_Replication[MAX_UOP_ID+1] = {\n")
+    out.emit("const ReplicationRange _PyUop_Replication[MAX_UOP_ID+1] = {\n")
     for uop in analysis.uops.values():
         if uop.replicated:
-            out.emit(f"[{uop.name}] = {uop.replicated},\n")
+            assert(uop.replicated.step == 1)
+            out.emit(f"[{uop.name}] = {{ {uop.replicated.start}, {uop.replicated.stop} }},\n")
 
     out.emit("};\n\n")
     out.emit("const char *const _PyOpcode_uop_name[MAX_UOP_ID+1] = {\n")