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Given an array, rotate the array to the right by k steps, where k is non-negative.
Example 1:
Input: [1,2,3,4,5,6,7] and _k_ = 3
Output: [5,6,7,1,2,3,4]
Explanation:
rotate 1 steps to the right: [7,1,2,3,4,5,6]
rotate 2 steps to the right: [6,7,1,2,3,4,5]
rotate 3 steps to the right: [5,6,7,1,2,3,4]
Example 2:
Input: [-1,-100,3,99] and _k_ = 2
Output: [3,99,-1,-100]
Explanation:
rotate 1 steps to the right: [99,-1,-100,3]
rotate 2 steps to the right: [3,99,-1,-100]
Note:
Try to come up as many solutions as you can, there are at least 3 different ways to solve this problem.
Could you do it in-place with O(1) extra space?
Credits:
Special thanks to @Freezen for adding this problem and creating all test cases.
新题抢先刷,这道题标为 Easy,应该不是很难,我们先来看一种 O(n) 的空间复杂度的方法,我们复制一个和 nums 一样的数组,然后利用映射关系 i -> (i+k)%n 来交换数字。代码如下:
解法一:
class Solution {
public:
void rotate(vector<int>& nums, int k) {
vector<int> t = nums;
for (int i = 0; i < nums.size(); ++i) {
nums[(i + k) % nums.size()] = t[i];
}
}
};
因为长度为n的数组只需要更新n次,所以我们用一个 for 循环来处理n次。首先 pre 更新为 cur,然后计算新的 idx 的位置,然后将 nums[idx] 上的值先存到 cur 上,然后把 pre 赋值给 nums[idx],这相当于把上一轮的 nums[idx] 赋给了新的一轮,完成了数字的交换,然后 if 语句判断是否会变到处理过的数字,参见上面一段的解释,我们用题目中的例子1来展示下面这种算法的 nums 的变化过程:
class Solution {
public:
void rotate(vector<int>& nums, int k) {
if (nums.empty() || (k %= nums.size()) == 0) return;
int n = nums.size();
for (int i = 0; i < n - k; ++i) {
nums.push_back(nums[0]);
nums.erase(nums.begin());
}
}
};
class Solution {
public:
void rotate(vector<int>& nums, int k) {
if (nums.empty()) return;
int n = nums.size(), start = 0;
while (n && (k %= n)) {
for (int i = 0; i < k; ++i) {
swap(nums[i + start], nums[n - k + i + start]);
}
n -= k;
start += k;
}
}
};
Activity