0x10. C - printf

Description 💬

This team project is part of the first year curriculum of Holberton School. _printf replicates the C standard library printf() function. What you should learn from this project:

• How to use git in a team setting
• Applying variadic functions to a big project
• The complexities of printf
• Managing a lot of files and finding a good workflow

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Prototype

int _printf(const char *format, ...);

Usage 🏃

• Prints a string to the standard output, according to a given format
• All files were created and compiled on Ubuntu 14.04.4 LTS using GCC 4.8.4 with the command gcc -Wall -Werror -Wextra -pedantic *.c
• Returns the number of characters in the output string on success, -1 otherwise
• Call it this way: _printf("format string", arguments...) where format string can contain conversion specifiers and flags, along with regular characters

Return Value

Upon successful return, _printf returns the number of characters printed (excluding the terminating null byte used to end output to strings). If an output error is encountered, the function returns -1.

Examples

• _printf("Hello, Holberton\n") prints "Hello, Holberton", followed by a new line
• _printf("%s", "Hello") prints "Hello"
• _printf("This is a number: %d", 98) prints "This is a number: 98"

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Tasks

These are all the tasks of this project, the ones that are completed link to the corresponding files.

0. I'm not going anywhere. You can print that wherever you want to. I'm here and I'm a Spur for life

• Write a function that produces output according to format.
  • c : converts input into a character
  • s : converts input into a string

1. Education is when you read the fine print. Experience is what you get if you don't

• Handle the following conversion specifiers:
  • d : converts input into a base 10 integer
  • i : converts input into an integer

2. Just because it's in print doesn't mean it's the gospel

• Create a man page for your function

3. With a face like mine, I do better in print

• Handle the following conversion specifiers:
  • b : the unsigned int argument is converted to binary

4. What one has not experienced, one will never understand in print

• Handle the following conversion specifiers:
  • u : converts the input into an unsigned integer
  • o : converts the input into an octal number
  • x : converts the input into a hexadecimal number
  • X : converts the input into a hexadecimal number with capital letters

5. Nothing in fine print is ever good news

• Use a local buffer of 1024 chars in order to call write as little as possible.

6. My weakness is wearing too much leopard print

• Handle the following custom conversion specifier:
  • S : prints the string
  • Non printable characters (0 < ASCII value < 32 or >= 127) are printed this way: \x, followed by the ASCII code value in hexadecimal (upper case - always 2 characters)

7. How is the world ruled and led to war? Diplomats lie to journalists and believe these lies when they see them in print

• Handle the following conversion specifier:
  • p : int input is converted to a pointer address

8. The big print gives and the small print takes away

• Handle the following flag characters for non-custom conversion specifiers:- + : adds a + in front of signed positive numbers and a - in front of signed negative numbers
  • space : same as +, but adds a space (is overwritten by +)
  • # : adds a 0 in front of octal conversions that don't begin with one, and a 0x or 0X for x or X conversions
  • l : converts d, i, u, o, x, X conversions in short signed or unsigned ints
  • h : converts d, i, u, o, x, X conversions in long signed or unsigned ints

10. Print some money and give it to us for the rain forests

• Handle the field width for non-custom conversion specifiers.

11. The negative is the equivalent of the composer's score, and the print the performance

• Handle the precision for non-custom conversion specifiers.

12. It's depressing when you're still around and your albums are out of print

• Handle the 0 flag character for non-custom conversion specifiers.

13. Every time that I wanted to give up, if I saw an interesting textile, print what ever, suddenly I would see a collection

• Handle the - flag character for non-custom conversion specifiers. ###14. Print is the sharpest and the strongest weapon of our party
• Handle the following custom conversion specifier:
  • r : prints the reversed string

15. The flood of print has turned reading into a process of gulping rather than savoring

• Handle the following custom conversion specifier:
  • R : prints the rot13'ed string

16. *

• All the above options work well together.

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Authors ✒️

• Hector Steve - hectorvladitok@gmail.com
• CYNTHIA OSAGIE - cynthiaadesuwaosagie@gmail.com

License 🔒

This project is licensed under the MIT License - see the LICENSE file for details.

Acknowledgements 🙏

The _printf function emulates functionality of the C standard library function printf. This README borrows from the Linux man page printf(3).

This program was written as part of the curriculum for Holberton School. Holberton School is a campus-based full-stack software engineering program that prepares students for careers in the tech industry using project-based peer learning. For more information, visit this link.