The example in the docs that shows how to initialise an embedded module gives a wrong impression about error handling. Most of the functions that it calls return error codes, but those do not get looked at. Innocent users who copy and paste the example may miss some of them when adapting the code, thus ending up with an unsafe implementation.

The example should at least make it clear where error handling is needed.

https://docs.python.org/3/extending/extending.html#the-module-s-method-table-and-initialization-function

int
main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
    wchar_t *program = Py_DecodeLocale(argv[0], NULL);
    if (program == NULL) {
        fprintf(stderr, "Fatal error: cannot decode argv[0]\n");
        exit(1);
    }

    /* Add a built-in module, before Py_Initialize */
    PyImport_AppendInittab("spam", PyInit_spam);

    /* Pass argv[0] to the Python interpreter */
    Py_SetProgramName(program);

    /* Initialize the Python interpreter.  Required. */
    Py_Initialize();

    /* Optionally import the module; alternatively,
       import can be deferred until the embedded script
       imports it. */
    PyImport_ImportModule("spam");

    ...

    PyMem_RawFree(program);
    return 0;
}

At the risk of sounding like a jerk, I'd very much want to say that copy-pasters should get what they deserve :) But then I remember I was once a copy-paster too!

Hello again, Stefan :)

Thanks for watching out for the community - I'll be happy to fix this!

New changeset d4f3923d5901ef1ccdbe6ad6c5a753af90832a0f by Cajetan Rodrigues in branch 'master':
bpo-40279: Add some error-handling to the module initialisation docs example (GH-19705)
https://github.com/python/cpython/commit/d4f3923d5901ef1ccdbe6ad6c5a753af90832a0f

New changeset 882a7f44da08c6fb210bd9a17f80903cbca84034 by Miss Islington (bot) in branch '3.8':
bpo-40279: Add some error-handling to the module initialisation docs example (GH-19705) (GH-19710)
https://github.com/python/cpython/commit/882a7f44da08c6fb210bd9a17f80903cbca84034

Hi Cajetan, thank you for your contribution! That's a nice documentation improvement.