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# SOME DESCRIPTIVE TITLE.
# Copyright (C) 2001-2016, Python Software Foundation
# This file is distributed under the same license as the Python package.
# FIRST AUTHOR <EMAIL@ADDRESS>, YEAR.
#
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: Python 3.5\n"
"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: \n"
"POT-Creation-Date: 2016-10-30 10:42+0100\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: YEAR-MO-DA HO:MI+ZONE\n"
"Last-Translator: FULL NAME <EMAIL@ADDRESS>\n"
"Language-Team: LANGUAGE <LL@li.org>\n"
"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
#: ../Doc/c-api/init.rst:8
msgid "Initialization, Finalization, and Threads"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/c-api/init.rst:12
msgid "Initializing and finalizing the interpreter"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/c-api/init.rst:30
msgid ""
"Initialize the Python interpreter. In an application embedding Python, "
"this should be called before using any other Python/C API functions; with "
"the exception of :c:func:`Py_SetProgramName`, :c:func:`Py_SetPythonHome` "
"and :c:func:`Py_SetPath`. This initializes the table of loaded modules "
"(``sys.modules``), and creates the fundamental modules :mod:`builtins`, :mod:"
"`__main__` and :mod:`sys`. It also initializes the module search path "
"(``sys.path``). It does not set ``sys.argv``; use :c:func:`PySys_SetArgvEx` "
"for that. This is a no-op when called for a second time (without calling :c:"
"func:`Py_Finalize` first). There is no return value; it is a fatal error if "
"the initialization fails."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/c-api/init.rst:41
msgid ""
"On Windows, changes the console mode from ``O_TEXT`` to ``O_BINARY``, which "
"will also affect non-Python uses of the console using the C Runtime."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/c-api/init.rst:47
msgid ""
"This function works like :c:func:`Py_Initialize` if *initsigs* is 1. If "
"*initsigs* is 0, it skips initialization registration of signal handlers, "
"which might be useful when Python is embedded."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/c-api/init.rst:54
msgid ""
"Return true (nonzero) when the Python interpreter has been initialized, "
"false (zero) if not. After :c:func:`Py_Finalize` is called, this returns "
"false until :c:func:`Py_Initialize` is called again."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/c-api/init.rst:61
msgid ""
"Undo all initializations made by :c:func:`Py_Initialize` and subsequent use "
"of Python/C API functions, and destroy all sub-interpreters (see :c:func:"
"`Py_NewInterpreter` below) that were created and not yet destroyed since the "
"last call to :c:func:`Py_Initialize`. Ideally, this frees all memory "
"allocated by the Python interpreter. This is a no-op when called for a "
"second time (without calling :c:func:`Py_Initialize` again first). There is "
"no return value; errors during finalization are ignored."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/c-api/init.rst:69
msgid ""
"This function is provided for a number of reasons. An embedding application "
"might want to restart Python without having to restart the application "
"itself. An application that has loaded the Python interpreter from a "
"dynamically loadable library (or DLL) might want to free all memory "
"allocated by Python before unloading the DLL. During a hunt for memory leaks "
"in an application a developer might want to free all memory allocated by "
"Python before exiting from the application."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/c-api/init.rst:77
msgid ""
"**Bugs and caveats:** The destruction of modules and objects in modules is "
"done in random order; this may cause destructors (:meth:`__del__` methods) "
"to fail when they depend on other objects (even functions) or modules. "
"Dynamically loaded extension modules loaded by Python are not unloaded. "
"Small amounts of memory allocated by the Python interpreter may not be freed "
"(if you find a leak, please report it). Memory tied up in circular "
"references between objects is not freed. Some memory allocated by extension "
"modules may not be freed. Some extensions may not work properly if their "
"initialization routine is called more than once; this can happen if an "
"application calls :c:func:`Py_Initialize` and :c:func:`Py_Finalize` more "
"than once."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/c-api/init.rst:90
msgid "Process-wide parameters"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/c-api/init.rst:100
msgid ""
"This function should be called before :c:func:`Py_Initialize`, if it is "
"called at all. It specifies which encoding and error handling to use with "
"standard IO, with the same meanings as in :func:`str.encode`."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/c-api/init.rst:104
msgid ""
"It overrides :envvar:`PYTHONIOENCODING` values, and allows embedding code to "
"control IO encoding when the environment variable does not work."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/c-api/init.rst:107
msgid ""
"``encoding`` and/or ``errors`` may be NULL to use :envvar:`PYTHONIOENCODING` "
"and/or default values (depending on other settings)."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/c-api/init.rst:111
msgid ""
"Note that :data:`sys.stderr` always uses the \"backslashreplace\" error "
"handler, regardless of this (or any other) setting."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/c-api/init.rst:114
msgid ""
"If :c:func:`Py_Finalize` is called, this function will need to be called "
"again in order to affect subsequent calls to :c:func:`Py_Initialize`."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/c-api/init.rst:117
msgid ""
"Returns 0 if successful, a nonzero value on error (e.g. calling after the "
"interpreter has already been initialized)."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/c-api/init.rst:130
msgid ""
"This function should be called before :c:func:`Py_Initialize` is called for "
"the first time, if it is called at all. It tells the interpreter the value "
"of the ``argv[0]`` argument to the :c:func:`main` function of the program "
"(converted to wide characters). This is used by :c:func:`Py_GetPath` and "
"some other functions below to find the Python run-time libraries relative to "
"the interpreter executable. The default value is ``'python'``. The "
"argument should point to a zero-terminated wide character string in static "
"storage whose contents will not change for the duration of the program's "
"execution. No code in the Python interpreter will change the contents of "
"this storage."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/c-api/init.rst:141 ../Doc/c-api/init.rst:255
#: ../Doc/c-api/init.rst:357 ../Doc/c-api/init.rst:384
#: ../Doc/c-api/init.rst:401
msgid ""
"Use :c:func:`Py_DecodeLocale` to decode a bytes string to get a :c:type:"
"`wchar_*` string."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/c-api/init.rst:149
msgid ""
"Return the program name set with :c:func:`Py_SetProgramName`, or the "
"default. The returned string points into static storage; the caller should "
"not modify its value."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/c-api/init.rst:156
msgid ""
"Return the *prefix* for installed platform-independent files. This is "
"derived through a number of complicated rules from the program name set "
"with :c:func:`Py_SetProgramName` and some environment variables; for "
"example, if the program name is ``'/usr/local/bin/python'``, the prefix is "
"``'/usr/local'``. The returned string points into static storage; the caller "
"should not modify its value. This corresponds to the :makevar:`prefix` "
"variable in the top-level :file:`Makefile` and the ``--prefix`` argument to "
"the :program:`configure` script at build time. The value is available to "
"Python code as ``sys.prefix``. It is only useful on Unix. See also the next "
"function."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/c-api/init.rst:169
msgid ""
"Return the *exec-prefix* for installed platform-*dependent* files. This is "
"derived through a number of complicated rules from the program name set "
"with :c:func:`Py_SetProgramName` and some environment variables; for "
"example, if the program name is ``'/usr/local/bin/python'``, the exec-prefix "
"is ``'/usr/local'``. The returned string points into static storage; the "
"caller should not modify its value. This corresponds to the :makevar:"
"`exec_prefix` variable in the top-level :file:`Makefile` and the ``--exec-"
"prefix`` argument to the :program:`configure` script at build time. The "
"value is available to Python code as ``sys.exec_prefix``. It is only useful "
"on Unix."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/c-api/init.rst:179
msgid ""
"Background: The exec-prefix differs from the prefix when platform dependent "
"files (such as executables and shared libraries) are installed in a "
"different directory tree. In a typical installation, platform dependent "
"files may be installed in the :file:`/usr/local/plat` subtree while platform "
"independent may be installed in :file:`/usr/local`."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/c-api/init.rst:185
msgid ""
"Generally speaking, a platform is a combination of hardware and software "
"families, e.g. Sparc machines running the Solaris 2.x operating system are "
"considered the same platform, but Intel machines running Solaris 2.x are "
"another platform, and Intel machines running Linux are yet another "
"platform. Different major revisions of the same operating system generally "
"also form different platforms. Non-Unix operating systems are a different "
"story; the installation strategies on those systems are so different that "
"the prefix and exec-prefix are meaningless, and set to the empty string. "
"Note that compiled Python bytecode files are platform independent (but not "
"independent from the Python version by which they were compiled!)."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/c-api/init.rst:196
msgid ""
"System administrators will know how to configure the :program:`mount` or :"
"program:`automount` programs to share :file:`/usr/local` between platforms "
"while having :file:`/usr/local/plat` be a different filesystem for each "
"platform."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/c-api/init.rst:208
msgid ""
"Return the full program name of the Python executable; this is computed as "
"a side-effect of deriving the default module search path from the program "
"name (set by :c:func:`Py_SetProgramName` above). The returned string points "
"into static storage; the caller should not modify its value. The value is "
"available to Python code as ``sys.executable``."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/c-api/init.rst:222
msgid ""
"Return the default module search path; this is computed from the program "
"name (set by :c:func:`Py_SetProgramName` above) and some environment "
"variables. The returned string consists of a series of directory names "
"separated by a platform dependent delimiter character. The delimiter "
"character is ``':'`` on Unix and Mac OS X, ``';'`` on Windows. The returned "
"string points into static storage; the caller should not modify its value. "
"The list :data:`sys.path` is initialized with this value on interpreter "
"startup; it can be (and usually is) modified later to change the search path "
"for loading modules."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/c-api/init.rst:242
msgid ""
"Set the default module search path. If this function is called before :c:"
"func:`Py_Initialize`, then :c:func:`Py_GetPath` won't attempt to compute a "
"default search path but uses the one provided instead. This is useful if "
"Python is embedded by an application that has full knowledge of the location "
"of all modules. The path components should be separated by the platform "
"dependent delimiter character, which is ``':'`` on Unix and Mac OS X, "
"``';'`` on Windows."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/c-api/init.rst:250
msgid ""
"This also causes :data:`sys.executable` to be set only to the raw program "
"name (see :c:func:`Py_SetProgramName`) and for :data:`sys.prefix` and :data:"
"`sys.exec_prefix` to be empty. It is up to the caller to modify these if "
"required after calling :c:func:`Py_Initialize`."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/c-api/init.rst:258
msgid ""
"The path argument is copied internally, so the caller may free it after the "
"call completes."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/c-api/init.rst:264
msgid ""
"Return the version of this Python interpreter. This is a string that looks "
"something like ::"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/c-api/init.rst:271
msgid ""
"The first word (up to the first space character) is the current Python "
"version; the first three characters are the major and minor version "
"separated by a period. The returned string points into static storage; the "
"caller should not modify its value. The value is available to Python code "
"as :data:`sys.version`."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/c-api/init.rst:281
msgid ""
"Return the platform identifier for the current platform. On Unix, this is "
"formed from the \"official\" name of the operating system, converted to "
"lower case, followed by the major revision number; e.g., for Solaris 2.x, "
"which is also known as SunOS 5.x, the value is ``'sunos5'``. On Mac OS X, "
"it is ``'darwin'``. On Windows, it is ``'win'``. The returned string "
"points into static storage; the caller should not modify its value. The "
"value is available to Python code as ``sys.platform``."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/c-api/init.rst:292
msgid ""
"Return the official copyright string for the current Python version, for "
"example"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/c-api/init.rst:294
msgid "``'Copyright 1991-1995 Stichting Mathematisch Centrum, Amsterdam'``"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/c-api/init.rst:298
msgid ""
"The returned string points into static storage; the caller should not modify "
"its value. The value is available to Python code as ``sys.copyright``."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/c-api/init.rst:304
msgid ""
"Return an indication of the compiler used to build the current Python "
"version, in square brackets, for example::"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/c-api/init.rst:311 ../Doc/c-api/init.rst:325
msgid ""
"The returned string points into static storage; the caller should not modify "
"its value. The value is available to Python code as part of the variable "
"``sys.version``."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/c-api/init.rst:318
msgid ""
"Return information about the sequence number and build date and time of the "
"current Python interpreter instance, for example ::"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/c-api/init.rst:337
msgid ""
"Set :data:`sys.argv` based on *argc* and *argv*. These parameters are "
"similar to those passed to the program's :c:func:`main` function with the "
"difference that the first entry should refer to the script file to be "
"executed rather than the executable hosting the Python interpreter. If "
"there isn't a script that will be run, the first entry in *argv* can be an "
"empty string. If this function fails to initialize :data:`sys.argv`, a "
"fatal condition is signalled using :c:func:`Py_FatalError`."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/c-api/init.rst:345
msgid ""
"If *updatepath* is zero, this is all the function does. If *updatepath* is "
"non-zero, the function also modifies :data:`sys.path` according to the "
"following algorithm:"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/c-api/init.rst:349
msgid ""
"If the name of an existing script is passed in ``argv[0]``, the absolute "
"path of the directory where the script is located is prepended to :data:`sys."
"path`."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/c-api/init.rst:352
msgid ""
"Otherwise (that is, if *argc* is 0 or ``argv[0]`` doesn't point to an "
"existing file name), an empty string is prepended to :data:`sys.path`, which "
"is the same as prepending the current working directory (``\".\"``)."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/c-api/init.rst:361
msgid ""
"It is recommended that applications embedding the Python interpreter for "
"purposes other than executing a single script pass 0 as *updatepath*, and "
"update :data:`sys.path` themselves if desired. See `CVE-2008-5983 <https://"
"cve.mitre.org/cgi-bin/cvename.cgi?name=CVE-2008-5983>`_."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/c-api/init.rst:366
msgid ""
"On versions before 3.1.3, you can achieve the same effect by manually "
"popping the first :data:`sys.path` element after having called :c:func:"
"`PySys_SetArgv`, for example using::"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/c-api/init.rst:380
msgid ""
"This function works like :c:func:`PySys_SetArgvEx` with *updatepath* set to "
"1 unless the :program:`python` interpreter was started with the :option:`-I`."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/c-api/init.rst:387
msgid "The *updatepath* value depends on :option:`-I`."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/c-api/init.rst:392
msgid ""
"Set the default \"home\" directory, that is, the location of the standard "
"Python libraries. See :envvar:`PYTHONHOME` for the meaning of the argument "
"string."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/c-api/init.rst:396
msgid ""
"The argument should point to a zero-terminated character string in static "
"storage whose contents will not change for the duration of the program's "
"execution. No code in the Python interpreter will change the contents of "
"this storage."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/c-api/init.rst:407
msgid ""
"Return the default \"home\", that is, the value set by a previous call to :c:"
"func:`Py_SetPythonHome`, or the value of the :envvar:`PYTHONHOME` "
"environment variable if it is set."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/c-api/init.rst:415
msgid "Thread State and the Global Interpreter Lock"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/c-api/init.rst:422
msgid ""
"The Python interpreter is not fully thread-safe. In order to support multi-"
"threaded Python programs, there's a global lock, called the :term:`global "
"interpreter lock` or :term:`GIL`, that must be held by the current thread "
"before it can safely access Python objects. Without the lock, even the "
"simplest operations could cause problems in a multi-threaded program: for "
"example, when two threads simultaneously increment the reference count of "
"the same object, the reference count could end up being incremented only "
"once instead of twice."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/c-api/init.rst:432
msgid ""
"Therefore, the rule exists that only the thread that has acquired the :term:"
"`GIL` may operate on Python objects or call Python/C API functions. In order "
"to emulate concurrency of execution, the interpreter regularly tries to "
"switch threads (see :func:`sys.setswitchinterval`). The lock is also "
"released around potentially blocking I/O operations like reading or writing "
"a file, so that other Python threads can run in the meantime."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/c-api/init.rst:443
msgid ""
"The Python interpreter keeps some thread-specific bookkeeping information "
"inside a data structure called :c:type:`PyThreadState`. There's also one "
"global variable pointing to the current :c:type:`PyThreadState`: it can be "
"retrieved using :c:func:`PyThreadState_Get`."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/c-api/init.rst:449
msgid "Releasing the GIL from extension code"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/c-api/init.rst:451
msgid ""
"Most extension code manipulating the :term:`GIL` has the following simple "
"structure::"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/c-api/init.rst:460
msgid "This is so common that a pair of macros exists to simplify it::"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/c-api/init.rst:470
msgid ""
"The :c:macro:`Py_BEGIN_ALLOW_THREADS` macro opens a new block and declares a "
"hidden local variable; the :c:macro:`Py_END_ALLOW_THREADS` macro closes the "
"block. These two macros are still available when Python is compiled without "
"thread support (they simply have an empty expansion)."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/c-api/init.rst:475
msgid ""
"When thread support is enabled, the block above expands to the following "
"code::"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/c-api/init.rst:487
msgid ""
"Here is how these functions work: the global interpreter lock is used to "
"protect the pointer to the current thread state. When releasing the lock "
"and saving the thread state, the current thread state pointer must be "
"retrieved before the lock is released (since another thread could "
"immediately acquire the lock and store its own thread state in the global "
"variable). Conversely, when acquiring the lock and restoring the thread "
"state, the lock must be acquired before storing the thread state pointer."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/c-api/init.rst:496
msgid ""
"Calling system I/O functions is the most common use case for releasing the "
"GIL, but it can also be useful before calling long-running computations "
"which don't need access to Python objects, such as compression or "
"cryptographic functions operating over memory buffers. For example, the "
"standard :mod:`zlib` and :mod:`hashlib` modules release the GIL when "
"compressing or hashing data."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/c-api/init.rst:507
msgid "Non-Python created threads"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/c-api/init.rst:509
msgid ""
"When threads are created using the dedicated Python APIs (such as the :mod:"
"`threading` module), a thread state is automatically associated to them and "
"the code showed above is therefore correct. However, when threads are "
"created from C (for example by a third-party library with its own thread "
"management), they don't hold the GIL, nor is there a thread state structure "
"for them."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/c-api/init.rst:516
msgid ""
"If you need to call Python code from these threads (often this will be part "
"of a callback API provided by the aforementioned third-party library), you "
"must first register these threads with the interpreter by creating a thread "
"state data structure, then acquiring the GIL, and finally storing their "
"thread state pointer, before you can start using the Python/C API. When you "
"are done, you should reset the thread state pointer, release the GIL, and "
"finally free the thread state data structure."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/c-api/init.rst:524
msgid ""
"The :c:func:`PyGILState_Ensure` and :c:func:`PyGILState_Release` functions "
"do all of the above automatically. The typical idiom for calling into "
"Python from a C thread is::"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/c-api/init.rst:538
msgid ""
"Note that the :c:func:`PyGILState_\\*` functions assume there is only one "
"global interpreter (created automatically by :c:func:`Py_Initialize`). "
"Python supports the creation of additional interpreters (using :c:func:"
"`Py_NewInterpreter`), but mixing multiple interpreters and the :c:func:"
"`PyGILState_\\*` API is unsupported."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/c-api/init.rst:544
msgid ""
"Another important thing to note about threads is their behaviour in the face "
"of the C :c:func:`fork` call. On most systems with :c:func:`fork`, after a "
"process forks only the thread that issued the fork will exist. That also "
"means any locks held by other threads will never be released. Python solves "
"this for :func:`os.fork` by acquiring the locks it uses internally before "
"the fork, and releasing them afterwards. In addition, it resets any :ref:"
"`lock-objects` in the child. When extending or embedding Python, there is no "
"way to inform Python of additional (non-Python) locks that need to be "
"acquired before or reset after a fork. OS facilities such as :c:func:"
"`pthread_atfork` would need to be used to accomplish the same thing. "
"Additionally, when extending or embedding Python, calling :c:func:`fork` "
"directly rather than through :func:`os.fork` (and returning to or calling "
"into Python) may result in a deadlock by one of Python's internal locks "
"being held by a thread that is defunct after the fork. :c:func:"
"`PyOS_AfterFork` tries to reset the necessary locks, but is not always able "
"to."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/c-api/init.rst:563
msgid "High-level API"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/c-api/init.rst:565
msgid ""
"These are the most commonly used types and functions when writing C "
"extension code, or when embedding the Python interpreter:"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/c-api/init.rst:570
msgid ""
"This data structure represents the state shared by a number of cooperating "
"threads. Threads belonging to the same interpreter share their module "
"administration and a few other internal items. There are no public members "
"in this structure."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/c-api/init.rst:575
msgid ""
"Threads belonging to different interpreters initially share nothing, except "
"process state like available memory, open file descriptors and such. The "
"global interpreter lock is also shared by all threads, regardless of to "
"which interpreter they belong."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/c-api/init.rst:583
msgid ""
"This data structure represents the state of a single thread. The only "
"public data member is :c:type:`PyInterpreterState \\*`:attr:`interp`, which "
"points to this thread's interpreter state."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/c-api/init.rst:596
msgid ""
"Initialize and acquire the global interpreter lock. It should be called in "
"the main thread before creating a second thread or engaging in any other "
"thread operations such as ``PyEval_ReleaseThread(tstate)``. It is not needed "
"before calling :c:func:`PyEval_SaveThread` or :c:func:`PyEval_RestoreThread`."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/c-api/init.rst:601
msgid "This is a no-op when called for a second time."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/c-api/init.rst:603
msgid ""
"This function cannot be called before :c:func:`Py_Initialize()` anymore."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/c-api/init.rst:610
msgid ""
"When only the main thread exists, no GIL operations are needed. This is a "
"common situation (most Python programs do not use threads), and the lock "
"operations slow the interpreter down a bit. Therefore, the lock is not "
"created initially. This situation is equivalent to having acquired the "
"lock: when there is only a single thread, all object accesses are safe. "
"Therefore, when this function initializes the global interpreter lock, it "
"also acquires it. Before the Python :mod:`_thread` module creates a new "
"thread, knowing that either it has the lock or the lock hasn't been created "
"yet, it calls :c:func:`PyEval_InitThreads`. When this call returns, it is "
"guaranteed that the lock has been created and that the calling thread has "
"acquired it."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/c-api/init.rst:621
msgid ""
"It is **not** safe to call this function when it is unknown which thread (if "
"any) currently has the global interpreter lock."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/c-api/init.rst:624
msgid ""
"This function is not available when thread support is disabled at compile "
"time."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/c-api/init.rst:629
msgid ""
"Returns a non-zero value if :c:func:`PyEval_InitThreads` has been called. "
"This function can be called without holding the GIL, and therefore can be "
"used to avoid calls to the locking API when running single-threaded. This "
"function is not available when thread support is disabled at compile time."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/c-api/init.rst:637
msgid ""
"Release the global interpreter lock (if it has been created and thread "
"support is enabled) and reset the thread state to *NULL*, returning the "
"previous thread state (which is not *NULL*). If the lock has been created, "
"the current thread must have acquired it. (This function is available even "
"when thread support is disabled at compile time.)"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/c-api/init.rst:646
msgid ""
"Acquire the global interpreter lock (if it has been created and thread "
"support is enabled) and set the thread state to *tstate*, which must not be "
"*NULL*. If the lock has been created, the current thread must not have "
"acquired it, otherwise deadlock ensues. (This function is available even "
"when thread support is disabled at compile time.)"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/c-api/init.rst:655
msgid ""
"Return the current thread state. The global interpreter lock must be held. "
"When the current thread state is *NULL*, this issues a fatal error (so that "
"the caller needn't check for *NULL*)."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/c-api/init.rst:662
msgid ""
"Swap the current thread state with the thread state given by the argument "
"*tstate*, which may be *NULL*. The global interpreter lock must be held and "
"is not released."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/c-api/init.rst:669
msgid ""
"This function is called from :c:func:`PyOS_AfterFork` to ensure that newly "
"created child processes don't hold locks referring to threads which are not "
"running in the child process."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/c-api/init.rst:674
msgid ""
"The following functions use thread-local storage, and are not compatible "
"with sub-interpreters:"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/c-api/init.rst:679
msgid ""
"Ensure that the current thread is ready to call the Python C API regardless "
"of the current state of Python, or of the global interpreter lock. This may "
"be called as many times as desired by a thread as long as each call is "
"matched with a call to :c:func:`PyGILState_Release`. In general, other "
"thread-related APIs may be used between :c:func:`PyGILState_Ensure` and :c:"
"func:`PyGILState_Release` calls as long as the thread state is restored to "
"its previous state before the Release(). For example, normal usage of the :"
"c:macro:`Py_BEGIN_ALLOW_THREADS` and :c:macro:`Py_END_ALLOW_THREADS` macros "
"is acceptable."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/c-api/init.rst:689
msgid ""
"The return value is an opaque \"handle\" to the thread state when :c:func:"
"`PyGILState_Ensure` was called, and must be passed to :c:func:"
"`PyGILState_Release` to ensure Python is left in the same state. Even though "
"recursive calls are allowed, these handles *cannot* be shared - each unique "
"call to :c:func:`PyGILState_Ensure` must save the handle for its call to :c:"
"func:`PyGILState_Release`."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/c-api/init.rst:696
msgid ""
"When the function returns, the current thread will hold the GIL and be able "
"to call arbitrary Python code. Failure is a fatal error."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/c-api/init.rst:702
msgid ""
"Release any resources previously acquired. After this call, Python's state "
"will be the same as it was prior to the corresponding :c:func:"
"`PyGILState_Ensure` call (but generally this state will be unknown to the "
"caller, hence the use of the GILState API)."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/c-api/init.rst:707
msgid ""
"Every call to :c:func:`PyGILState_Ensure` must be matched by a call to :c:"
"func:`PyGILState_Release` on the same thread."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/c-api/init.rst:713
msgid ""
"Get the current thread state for this thread. May return ``NULL`` if no "
"GILState API has been used on the current thread. Note that the main thread "
"always has such a thread-state, even if no auto-thread-state call has been "
"made on the main thread. This is mainly a helper/diagnostic function."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/c-api/init.rst:721
msgid ""
"Return 1 if the current thread is holding the GIL and 0 otherwise. This "
"function can be called from any thread at any time. Only if it has had its "
"Python thread state initialized and currently is holding the GIL will it "
"return 1. This is mainly a helper/diagnostic function. It can be useful for "
"example in callback contexts or memory allocation functions when knowing "
"that the GIL is locked can allow the caller to perform sensitive actions or "
"otherwise behave differently."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/c-api/init.rst:733
msgid ""
"The following macros are normally used without a trailing semicolon; look "
"for example usage in the Python source distribution."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/c-api/init.rst:739
msgid ""
"This macro expands to ``{ PyThreadState *_save; _save = PyEval_SaveThread();"
"``. Note that it contains an opening brace; it must be matched with a "
"following :c:macro:`Py_END_ALLOW_THREADS` macro. See above for further "
"discussion of this macro. It is a no-op when thread support is disabled at "
"compile time."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/c-api/init.rst:747
msgid ""
"This macro expands to ``PyEval_RestoreThread(_save); }``. Note that it "
"contains a closing brace; it must be matched with an earlier :c:macro:"
"`Py_BEGIN_ALLOW_THREADS` macro. See above for further discussion of this "
"macro. It is a no-op when thread support is disabled at compile time."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/c-api/init.rst:755
msgid ""
"This macro expands to ``PyEval_RestoreThread(_save);``: it is equivalent to :"
"c:macro:`Py_END_ALLOW_THREADS` without the closing brace. It is a no-op "
"when thread support is disabled at compile time."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/c-api/init.rst:762
msgid ""
"This macro expands to ``_save = PyEval_SaveThread();``: it is equivalent to :"
"c:macro:`Py_BEGIN_ALLOW_THREADS` without the opening brace and variable "
"declaration. It is a no-op when thread support is disabled at compile time."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/c-api/init.rst:768
msgid "Low-level API"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/c-api/init.rst:770
msgid ""
"All of the following functions are only available when thread support is "
"enabled at compile time, and must be called only when the global interpreter "
"lock has been created."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/c-api/init.rst:777
msgid ""
"Create a new interpreter state object. The global interpreter lock need not "
"be held, but may be held if it is necessary to serialize calls to this "
"function."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/c-api/init.rst:784
msgid ""
"Reset all information in an interpreter state object. The global "
"interpreter lock must be held."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/c-api/init.rst:790
msgid ""
"Destroy an interpreter state object. The global interpreter lock need not "
"be held. The interpreter state must have been reset with a previous call "
"to :c:func:`PyInterpreterState_Clear`."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/c-api/init.rst:797
msgid ""
"Create a new thread state object belonging to the given interpreter object. "
"The global interpreter lock need not be held, but may be held if it is "
"necessary to serialize calls to this function."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/c-api/init.rst:804
msgid ""
"Reset all information in a thread state object. The global interpreter lock "
"must be held."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/c-api/init.rst:810
msgid ""
"Destroy a thread state object. The global interpreter lock need not be "
"held. The thread state must have been reset with a previous call to :c:func:"
"`PyThreadState_Clear`."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/c-api/init.rst:817
msgid ""
"Return a dictionary in which extensions can store thread-specific state "
"information. Each extension should use a unique key to use to store state "
"in the dictionary. It is okay to call this function when no current thread "
"state is available. If this function returns *NULL*, no exception has been "
"raised and the caller should assume no current thread state is available."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/c-api/init.rst:826
msgid ""
"Asynchronously raise an exception in a thread. The *id* argument is the "
"thread id of the target thread; *exc* is the exception object to be raised. "
"This function does not steal any references to *exc*. To prevent naive "
"misuse, you must write your own C extension to call this. Must be called "
"with the GIL held. Returns the number of thread states modified; this is "
"normally one, but will be zero if the thread id isn't found. If *exc* is :"
"const:`NULL`, the pending exception (if any) for the thread is cleared. This "
"raises no exceptions."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/c-api/init.rst:837
msgid ""
"Acquire the global interpreter lock and set the current thread state to "
"*tstate*, which should not be *NULL*. The lock must have been created "
"earlier. If this thread already has the lock, deadlock ensues."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/c-api/init.rst:841
msgid ""
":c:func:`PyEval_RestoreThread` is a higher-level function which is always "
"available (even when thread support isn't enabled or when threads have not "
"been initialized)."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/c-api/init.rst:848
msgid ""
"Reset the current thread state to *NULL* and release the global interpreter "
"lock. The lock must have been created earlier and must be held by the "
"current thread. The *tstate* argument, which must not be *NULL*, is only "
"used to check that it represents the current thread state --- if it isn't, a "
"fatal error is reported."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/c-api/init.rst:854
msgid ""
":c:func:`PyEval_SaveThread` is a higher-level function which is always "
"available (even when thread support isn't enabled or when threads have not "
"been initialized)."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/c-api/init.rst:861
msgid ""
"Acquire the global interpreter lock. The lock must have been created "
"earlier. If this thread already has the lock, a deadlock ensues."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/c-api/init.rst:864
msgid ""
"This function does not update the current thread state. Please use :c:func:"
"`PyEval_RestoreThread` or :c:func:`PyEval_AcquireThread` instead."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/c-api/init.rst:872
msgid ""
"Release the global interpreter lock. The lock must have been created "
"earlier."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/c-api/init.rst:874
msgid ""
"This function does not update the current thread state. Please use :c:func:"
"`PyEval_SaveThread` or :c:func:`PyEval_ReleaseThread` instead."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/c-api/init.rst:883
msgid "Sub-interpreter support"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/c-api/init.rst:885
msgid ""
"While in most uses, you will only embed a single Python interpreter, there "
"are cases where you need to create several independent interpreters in the "
"same process and perhaps even in the same thread. Sub-interpreters allow "
"you to do that. You can switch between sub-interpreters using the :c:func:"
"`PyThreadState_Swap` function. You can create and destroy them using the "
"following functions:"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/c-api/init.rst:903
msgid ""
"Create a new sub-interpreter. This is an (almost) totally separate "
"environment for the execution of Python code. In particular, the new "
"interpreter has separate, independent versions of all imported modules, "
"including the fundamental modules :mod:`builtins`, :mod:`__main__` and :mod:"
"`sys`. The table of loaded modules (``sys.modules``) and the module search "
"path (``sys.path``) are also separate. The new environment has no ``sys."
"argv`` variable. It has new standard I/O stream file objects ``sys.stdin``, "
"``sys.stdout`` and ``sys.stderr`` (however these refer to the same "
"underlying file descriptors)."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/c-api/init.rst:913
msgid ""
"The return value points to the first thread state created in the new sub-"
"interpreter. This thread state is made in the current thread state. Note "
"that no actual thread is created; see the discussion of thread states "
"below. If creation of the new interpreter is unsuccessful, *NULL* is "
"returned; no exception is set since the exception state is stored in the "
"current thread state and there may not be a current thread state. (Like all "
"other Python/C API functions, the global interpreter lock must be held "
"before calling this function and is still held when it returns; however, "
"unlike most other Python/C API functions, there needn't be a current thread "
"state on entry.)"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/c-api/init.rst:928
msgid ""
"Extension modules are shared between (sub-)interpreters as follows: the "
"first time a particular extension is imported, it is initialized normally, "
"and a (shallow) copy of its module's dictionary is squirreled away. When "
"the same extension is imported by another (sub-)interpreter, a new module is "
"initialized and filled with the contents of this copy; the extension's "
"``init`` function is not called. Note that this is different from what "
"happens when an extension is imported after the interpreter has been "
"completely re-initialized by calling :c:func:`Py_Finalize` and :c:func:"
"`Py_Initialize`; in that case, the extension's ``initmodule`` function *is* "
"called again."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/c-api/init.rst:945
msgid ""
"Destroy the (sub-)interpreter represented by the given thread state. The "
"given thread state must be the current thread state. See the discussion of "
"thread states below. When the call returns, the current thread state is "
"*NULL*. All thread states associated with this interpreter are destroyed. "
"(The global interpreter lock must be held before calling this function and "
"is still held when it returns.) :c:func:`Py_Finalize` will destroy all sub-"
"interpreters that haven't been explicitly destroyed at that point."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/c-api/init.rst:955
msgid "Bugs and caveats"
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/c-api/init.rst:957
msgid ""
"Because sub-interpreters (and the main interpreter) are part of the same "
"process, the insulation between them isn't perfect --- for example, using "
"low-level file operations like :func:`os.close` they can (accidentally or "
"maliciously) affect each other's open files. Because of the way extensions "
"are shared between (sub-)interpreters, some extensions may not work "
"properly; this is especially likely when the extension makes use of (static) "
"global variables, or when the extension manipulates its module's dictionary "
"after its initialization. It is possible to insert objects created in one "
"sub-interpreter into a namespace of another sub-interpreter; this should be "
"done with great care to avoid sharing user-defined functions, methods, "
"instances or classes between sub-interpreters, since import operations "
"executed by such objects may affect the wrong (sub-)interpreter's dictionary "
"of loaded modules."
msgstr ""
#: ../Doc/c-api/init.rst:971
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