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// # static

//

// This is about static inside classes. Outside classes, it is just the same as in C.

//

// In classes, they are just basically globals with a namespace.

#include "common.hpp"

class OtherClass {

public:

int i;

// J cannot be set from constructor.

int j;

OtherClass(int i) : i(i), j(0) {}

};

class Class {

public:

// Data.

int i;

static int iStatic;

// Concflicts with static int.

//int iStatic;

// ERROR: cannot init a non-const like this.

//static int iStaticInit = 0;

static int iStaticInit;

// OK: because const static integral type

const static int iConstStatic = 0;

// ERROR. Not initialized outside of the class.

//static int iNoInit;

// Object data

static OtherClass otherClass;

public:

// Static methods

// Must be defined later.

static int staticMethod();

// Unlike data, we can define the methods here, just like for global functions.

static int staticGet1() {

return 1;

};

// ERROR: no this in static.

//static int staticMethodThis() { return this->i; };

// Can use static variables in static methods.

static int doubleIStatic() {

return iStatic + Class::iStatic;

};

// ERROR: static cannot be const. That would make no sense, since const is all about this.

//static void staticMethodConst() const;

// Non static methods

// Access static variable and method from member method.

int doubleIStaticPlus1NotStatic() {

return iStatic + this->iStatic + staticGet1();

}

// Set static variable from member method.

void setIStaticNotStatic(int i) {

iStatic = i;

}

};

// This is mandatory on some source file, just like for global variables. Related:

// https://stackoverflow.com/questions/20488579/why-we-declare-static-variable-in-a-class-the-definition-in-outside-of-the-cla

int Class::iStatic;

int Class::iStaticInit = 0;

int Class::staticMethod() { return 0; }

OtherClass Class::otherClass(1);

// ERROR

//Class::otherClass.inc();

int main() {

// Basic static field example.

{

Class c, c1;

int i;

c.iStatic = 0;

assert(Class::iStatic == 0);

c1.iStatic = 1;

assert(Class::iStatic == 1);

Class::iStatic = 2;

assert(Class::iStatic == 2);

c.setIStaticNotStatic(3);

assert(Class::iStatic == 3);

assert(Class::otherClass.i == 1);

//assert(Class::iNoInit == 0);

}

// Basic static method example.

{

Class c;

assert(c.staticMethod() == 0);

assert(c.doubleIStaticPlus1NotStatic() == 2 * Class::iStatic + 1);

assert(Class::staticMethod() == 0);

assert(Class::staticGet1() == 1);

assert(Class::doubleIStatic() == 2 * Class::iStatic);

}

}