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# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

__author__ = 'xy'

# 字符串操作符与格式控制

'''

----------------------------

%c ASC2或者长度为1的字符串

%s __str__()

%r __repr__()

%d %i 有符号十进制

%u 无符号十进制

%o 无符号八进制

%x %X 无符号十六进制

%e %E 科学计数法

%f %F float（小数部分自动截断）

%g %G ==%e+%f ==%E+%F

%% print '%'

-----------------------------

* 定义宽度或小数点精度

- 左对齐

+ 在正数前面显示加号

<sp> 在正数前面显示空格

# 八进制显示0,十六进制显示0X或者0x

0 数字前面填充0而不是空格

(var) 映射变量，字典参数

m.n 最小总宽度，小数点后的位数

-----------------------------

'''

'''

#test 0x00

print '%x' % 108, '%X' % 108

'6c 6C'

print '%#X' % 108

'0X6C'

#test f e E .2 g G

print '%.2f' % 1.2345678

'1.23'

print '%E' % 1234.567890

'1.234568E+03'

print '%g' % 1234.567890

'1234.57'

#test +d i s o

print '%+d' % 4

'+4'

print '%+d' % -4

'+4'

print '%d%%' % 100

'100%'

print '%s %s' % ('hello', 'world')

'hello world'

print '%#o/hex' % 123

'0173/hex'

print '%02d/%02d/%02d' % (2, 15, 67)

'02/15/67'

#test dict

print 'There are %(key1)d %(key2)s Quotation Symbals' % \

{'key2': 'Python', 'key1': 3}

'There are 3 Python Quotation Symbals'

'''

'''

一种针对dict更方便的表示方法——使用${}

from string import Template

s = Template('There are ${key1} ${key2} Quotations Symbols')

print s.substitute(key2='Python', key1=3)

'There are 3 Python Quotation Symbals'

print s.substitute(key2='Python')

'KeyError: 'key1''

print s.safe_substitute(key2='Python')

'There are ${key1} Python Quotations Symbols'

'''

'''

#u/U and r/R

ur'Hello\nWorld!'

'''