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/**

@file

@brief C++14

@defgroup CPP14 C++14 examples

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C++14

https://isocpp.org/wiki/faq/cpp14-language

https://github.com/AnthonyCalandra/modern-cpp-features/blob/master/CPP14.md

static_assert(__cplusplus == 201402, "");

#include <utility>

#include <iostream>

#include <memory>

#include <chrono>

#include <tuple>

#include <string>

#include <cassert>

#include <algorithm>

#include <array>

#include <memory>

using namespace std;

/**

@defgroup ded14 Deduction

#define static_assert(a) static_assert(a, "")

static_assert(__cpp_return_type_deduction);

auto implicit_int_return_type()

{

return 1;

}

// template <typename T> T before_deduced_return_type(int a) { return a; }

auto deduced_return_type(int a)

{

return a;

}

// template <typename T> T& before_deduced_return_type_template(T& a) { return a; }

template <typename T> auto& deduced_return_type_template(T& t)

{

return t;

}

// Returns a reference to a deduced type.

auto deduced_return_type_lambda = [](auto& x) -> auto& {

return deduced_return_type_template(x);

};

void return_type_deduction_demo()

{

implicit_int_return_type();

auto x = deduced_return_type(1);

int& y = deduced_return_type_lambda(x); // reference to `x`

assert(&y == &x);

assert(y == 1);

}

/// @}

/**

@defgroup other14 Other

TODO:

https://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/container/map/find

https://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/language/constexpr

https://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/language/integer_literal

https://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/language/function // decltype(auto)

https://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/language/aggregate_initialization

https://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/thread/shared_timed_mutex

https://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/thread/shared_lock

https://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/utility/integer_sequence

https://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/utility/exchange

https://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/utility/forward

https://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/io/manip/quoted

// [[deprecated]]

/// Binary literals, digit separators

/// Template variables

/// https://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/language/variable_template

static_assert(__cpp_variable_templates);

/// Numeric pi

template<typename T>

T pi = T(3.141592653589793238462643383);

// String pi

// Usual specialization rules apply:

template<>

const char* pi<const char*> = "pi";

static void demo()

{

assert(pi<int> == 3);

assert(string(pi<const char*>) == "pi");

auto binary_literal = 0b0100'1100'0110;

auto integer_literal = 1'000'000;

auto floating_point_literal = 0.000'015'3;

/// Standard user-defined literals

auto str = "hello world"s; // auto deduces string

auto dur = 60s; // auto deduces chrono::seconds

}

void types_14()

{

static_assert(is_null_pointer<decltype(nullptr)>::value);

static_assert(is_null_pointer<nullptr_t>::value);

static_assert(__cpp_decltype);

static_assert(is_integral<int>());

// Tuple addressing via type

tuple<string, string, int> tuple_by_type("foo", "bar", 7);

int i = get<int>(tuple_by_type);

assert(i == 7);

int j = get<2>(tuple_by_type);

assert(j == 7);

// https://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/language/auto

int a = 0;

static_assert(__cpp_decltype_auto);

decltype(auto) a_copy = a;

assert(&a_copy != &a);

decltype(auto) a_ref = (a);

assert(&a_ref == &a);

// https://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/memory/unique_ptr/make_unique

//auto u = unique_ptr<int>(new int(1));

auto u = make_unique<int>(1);

assert(u);

assert(*u == 1);

auto ua = make_unique<int[]>(3);

}

/// @}

/**

@defgroup lambda14 Lambda

https://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/language/lambda

static void lambda_14()

{

// Generic lambdas

// auto before_generic_lambda = [](int x) { return x; };

static_assert(__cpp_generic_lambdas);

auto generic_lambda = [](auto x) { return x; };

auto universal_size = [](const auto& m) { return m.size(); };

static_assert(__cpp_init_captures);

auto capture_initializers = [value = 1] { return value; };

assert(capture_initializers() == 1);

auto mutable_lambda = [value = 1] () mutable { return ++value; };

assert(mutable_lambda() == 2);

assert(mutable_lambda() == 3);

// capture initialization can change context

int c = 0;

auto change_c = [value = ++c] { };

assert(c == 1);

unique_ptr<int> ptr(new int(10));

auto capture_by_move = [value = std::move(ptr)] { return *value; };

}

/// Compare with @ref lambda::sort_11

void sort_14()

{

array<int, 10> s = {5, 7, 4, 2, 8, 6, 1, 9, 0, 3};

sort(s.begin(), s.end(),

// sort using a generic lambda expression

[](auto a, auto b)

{ return a > b; }

);

}

/// @}

int main(void)

{

return_type_deduction_demo();

demo();

sort_14();

types_14();

lambda_14();

}

/// @}

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