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import json

import os # For creating dummy files if needed, and checking existence

def process_json_file(filepath):

"""

Attempts to load, parse, and process data from a JSON file.

Demonstrates comprehensive try-except-else-finally blocks.

"""

print(f"\n--- Processing file: {filepath} ---")

data = None

file_handle = None # To demonstrate finally closing it

# Attempt to open the file

print("Attempting to open file...")

file_handle = open(filepath, 'r')

print("File opened successfully.")

# Attempt to parse JSON from the file

print("Attempting to parse JSON...")

data = json.load(file_handle)

print("JSON parsed successfully!")

# Attempt to access specific data (potentially problematic)

print("Attempting to access specific data fields...")

name = data['name'] # Common key

age = data['age'] # Might be missing or wrong type

print(f" Name: {name}")

print(f" Age: {age}")

# Try accessing a nested structure if 'contact' key exists

if 'contact' in data and isinstance(data['contact'], dict):

email = data['contact']['email']

print(f" Email: {email}")

elif 'contact' in data:

print(" 'contact' field found, but it's not a dictionary as expected.")

else:

print(" 'contact' field not found.")

# Example of expecting a list and iterating

if 'courses' in data and isinstance(data['courses'], list):

print(" Courses:")

for course in data['courses']:

print(f" - {course.get('title', 'N/A')} (Credits: {course.get('credits', 'N/A')})")

elif 'courses' in data:

print(" 'courses' field found, but it's not a list as expected.")

# Intentionally try an operation that might cause TypeError if 'age' is not a number

age_in_5_years = age + 5

print(f" Age in 5 years: {age_in_5_years}")

# --- Main execution ---

if __name__ == "__main__":

# 1. Test with a valid JSON file

process_json_file("valid_data.json")

# 2. Test with a file that has invalid JSON syntax

process_json_file("invalid_syntax.json")

# 3. Test with a file that doesn't exist

process_json_file("non_existent_file.json")

# 4. Test with a file that is valid JSON but missing an expected key

process_json_file("missing_key_data.json")

# 5. Test with a file where 'age' might be a string (to cause TypeError)

# Create a temporary file for this test

temp_type_error_file = "temp_type_error.json"

with open(temp_type_error_file, 'w') as f:

json.dump({"name": "David Copperfield", "age": "forty"}, f) # Age is a string

process_json_file(temp_type_error_file)

try:

os.remove(temp_type_error_file) # Clean up

except OSError:

pass # Ignore if removal fails (e.g. permission issues)

# 6. Test for PermissionError (less easy to simulate reliably without changing file permissions)

# For example, if you had a file 'restricted.json' that your script couldn't read:

# process_json_file("restricted.json")

# To simulate, you could try creating a file in a directory where you don't have write access

# or change permissions of a file manually. For this example, we'll just mention it.

print("\nNOTE: To test PermissionError, manually create a file and restrict its read permissions, then run.")