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#!/usr/bin/env python

# -*- encoding: utf-8 -*-

"""

Topic: 字符串格式化

Desc :

"""

__author__ = 'Xiong Neng'

def simple():

# 一般的%形式的格式化

a = 42

b = 13.142783

c = 'hello'

d = {'x': 13, 'y': 1.54321, 'z': 'world'}

e = 32543263552354234

print('a is %d' % a)

print('%10d %f' % (a, b)) # 最小宽度是10，默认空格补全，右对齐

print('%+010d %E' % (a, b)) # 0补齐， %E科学计数法

# x左对齐， y最大位数是3(整数和小数位和)

# 注意，只有%f %e %E是浮点数，%0.3表示小数点后面位数是3，其他数值类型是表示所有数值位个数

print('%(x)-10d %(y)0.3g' % d)

print('%0.4s %s' % (c, d['z'])) # 字符串c最大字符个数4,

print('%*.*f' % (5, 3, b)) # 用后面的参数填充前面格式串

print('e = %d' % e)

stock = {

'name': 'Good',

'shares': 100,

'price': 490.10

}

print('%(shares)d of %(name)s at %(price)0.2f' % stock)

# 还可使用var()函数

name = 'Elwood'

age = 99

print('%(name)s is %(age)s years old.' % vars())

# print('{0} {1} {2}'.format())

def senior():

"""高级字符串格式化"""

print('{0} {1} {2}'.format('Good', 100, 490.10))

print('{name} {shares} {price}'.format(name='Good', shares=100, price=490.1))

print('Hello {0}, your age is {age}'.format('Elwood', age=47))

print('Use {{ and }} to output single curly braces'.format())

stock = {

'name': 'Good',

'shares': 100,

'price': 490.10

}

print('{name} {shares} {price}'.format(**stock))

x = 3 + 4.2j

print('{0.real} {0.imag}'.format(x))

print('{name:8} {shares:8d} {price:8.2f}'.format(**stock))

# 格式说明：[fill[align]][sign][0][width][.precision][type]

# fill填充空白，align可取<或>或^表示左对齐，右对齐，中间对齐

# width指定最小字段宽度

# type就是d b o x f e E之类的，但有个%指的是变成百分之多少形式

name = 'Elwood'

print('{0:<10}'.format(name))

print('{0:=^10}'.format(name)) # 中间对齐，并用=填充两边

y = 3.1415926

print('{0:{width}.{precision}f}'.format(y, width=10, precision=3))

if __name__ == '__main__':

simple()

senior()

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