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# SOME DESCRIPTIVE TITLE.
# Copyright (C) 2001-2025, Python Software Foundation
# This file is distributed under the same license as the Python package.
# FIRST AUTHOR <EMAIL@ADDRESS>, YEAR.
# Translators:
# python-doc bot, 2025
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#: ../../tutorial/stdlib2.rst:5
msgid "Brief Tour of the Standard Library --- Part II"
#: ../../tutorial/stdlib2.rst:7
"This second tour covers more advanced modules that support professional "
"programming needs.  These modules rarely occur in small scripts."
#: ../../tutorial/stdlib2.rst:14
msgid "Output Formatting"
#: ../../tutorial/stdlib2.rst:16
"The :mod:`reprlib` module provides a version of :func:`repr` customized for "
"abbreviated displays of large or deeply nested containers::"
#: ../../tutorial/stdlib2.rst:23
"The :mod:`pprint` module offers more sophisticated control over printing "
"both built-in and user defined objects in a way that is readable by the "
"interpreter. When the result is longer than one line, the \"pretty printer\""
" adds line breaks and indentation to more clearly reveal data structure::"
#: ../../tutorial/stdlib2.rst:39
"The :mod:`textwrap` module formats paragraphs of text to fit a given screen "
#: ../../tutorial/stdlib2.rst:53
"The :mod:`locale` module accesses a database of culture specific data "
"formats. The grouping attribute of locale's format function provides a "
"direct way of formatting numbers with group separators::"
#: ../../tutorial/stdlib2.rst:72
msgid "Templating"
#: ../../tutorial/stdlib2.rst:74
"The :mod:`string` module includes a versatile :class:`~string.Template` "
"class with a simplified syntax suitable for editing by end-users.  This "
"allows users to customize their applications without having to alter the "
"application."
#: ../../tutorial/stdlib2.rst:78
"The format uses placeholder names formed by ``$`` with valid Python "
"identifiers (alphanumeric characters and underscores).  Surrounding the "
"placeholder with braces allows it to be followed by more alphanumeric "
"letters with no intervening spaces.  Writing ``$$`` creates a single escaped"
#: ../../tutorial/stdlib2.rst:88
"The :meth:`~string.Template.substitute` method raises a :exc:`KeyError` when"
" a placeholder is not supplied in a dictionary or a keyword argument.  For "
"mail-merge style applications, user supplied data may be incomplete and the "
":meth:`~string.Template.safe_substitute` method may be more appropriate --- "
"it will leave placeholders unchanged if data is missing::"
#: ../../tutorial/stdlib2.rst:103
"Template subclasses can specify a custom delimiter.  For example, a batch "
"renaming utility for a photo browser may elect to use percent signs for "
"placeholders such as the current date, image sequence number, or file "
#: ../../tutorial/stdlib2.rst:125
"Another application for templating is separating program logic from the "
"details of multiple output formats.  This makes it possible to substitute "
"custom templates for XML files, plain text reports, and HTML web reports."
#: ../../tutorial/stdlib2.rst:133
msgid "Working with Binary Data Record Layouts"
#: ../../tutorial/stdlib2.rst:135
"The :mod:`struct` module provides :func:`~struct.pack` and "
":func:`~struct.unpack` functions for working with variable length binary "
"record formats.  The following example shows how to loop through header "
"information in a ZIP file without using the :mod:`zipfile` module.  Pack "
"codes ``\"H\"`` and ``\"I\"`` represent two and four byte unsigned numbers "
"respectively.  The ``\"<\"`` indicates that they are standard size and in "
"little-endian byte order::"
#: ../../tutorial/stdlib2.rst:166
msgid "Multi-threading"
#: ../../tutorial/stdlib2.rst:168
"Threading is a technique for decoupling tasks which are not sequentially "
"dependent.  Threads can be used to improve the responsiveness of "
"applications that accept user input while other tasks run in the background."
"  A related use case is running I/O in parallel with computations in another"
#: ../../tutorial/stdlib2.rst:173
"The following code shows how the high level :mod:`threading` module can run "
"tasks in background while the main program continues to run::"
#: ../../tutorial/stdlib2.rst:197
"The principal challenge of multi-threaded applications is coordinating "
"threads that share data or other resources.  To that end, the threading "
"module provides a number of synchronization primitives including locks, "
"events, condition variables, and semaphores."
#: ../../tutorial/stdlib2.rst:202
"While those tools are powerful, minor design errors can result in problems "
"that are difficult to reproduce.  So, the preferred approach to task "
"coordination is to concentrate all access to a resource in a single thread "
"and then use the :mod:`queue` module to feed that thread with requests from "
"other threads. Applications using :class:`~queue.Queue` objects for inter-"
"thread communication and coordination are easier to design, more readable, "
"and more reliable."
#: ../../tutorial/stdlib2.rst:213
msgid "Logging"
#: ../../tutorial/stdlib2.rst:215
"The :mod:`logging` module offers a full featured and flexible logging "
"system. At its simplest, log messages are sent to a file or to "
"``sys.stderr``::"
#: ../../tutorial/stdlib2.rst:225
msgid "This produces the following output:"
#: ../../tutorial/stdlib2.rst:233
"By default, informational and debugging messages are suppressed and the "
"output is sent to standard error.  Other output options include routing "
"messages through email, datagrams, sockets, or to an HTTP Server.  New "
"filters can select different routing based on message priority: "
":const:`~logging.DEBUG`, :const:`~logging.INFO`, :const:`~logging.WARNING`, "
":const:`~logging.ERROR`, and :const:`~logging.CRITICAL`."
#: ../../tutorial/stdlib2.rst:240
"The logging system can be configured directly from Python or can be loaded "
"from a user editable configuration file for customized logging without "
"altering the application."
#: ../../tutorial/stdlib2.rst:248
msgid "Weak References"
#: ../../tutorial/stdlib2.rst:250
"Python does automatic memory management (reference counting for most objects"
" and :term:`garbage collection` to eliminate cycles).  The memory is freed "
"shortly after the last reference to it has been eliminated."
#: ../../tutorial/stdlib2.rst:254
"This approach works fine for most applications but occasionally there is a "
"need to track objects only as long as they are being used by something else."
" Unfortunately, just tracking them creates a reference that makes them "
"permanent. The :mod:`weakref` module provides tools for tracking objects "
"without creating a reference.  When the object is no longer needed, it is "
"automatically removed from a weakref table and a callback is triggered for "
"weakref objects.  Typical applications include caching objects that are "
"expensive to create::"
#: ../../tutorial/stdlib2.rst:289
msgid "Tools for Working with Lists"
#: ../../tutorial/stdlib2.rst:291
"Many data structure needs can be met with the built-in list type. However, "
"sometimes there is a need for alternative implementations with different "
"performance trade-offs."
#: ../../tutorial/stdlib2.rst:295
"The :mod:`array` module provides an :class:`~array.array()` object that is "
"like a list that stores only homogeneous data and stores it more compactly."
"  The following example shows an array of numbers stored as two byte "
"unsigned binary numbers (typecode ``\"H\"``) rather than the usual 16 bytes "
"per entry for regular lists of Python int objects::"
#: ../../tutorial/stdlib2.rst:308
"The :mod:`collections` module provides a :class:`~collections.deque()` "
"object that is like a list with faster appends and pops from the left side "
"but slower lookups in the middle. These objects are well suited for "
"implementing queues and breadth first tree searches::"
#: ../../tutorial/stdlib2.rst:329
"In addition to alternative list implementations, the library also offers "
"other tools such as the :mod:`bisect` module with functions for manipulating"
" sorted lists::"
#: ../../tutorial/stdlib2.rst:339
"The :mod:`heapq` module provides functions for implementing heaps based on "
"regular lists.  The lowest valued entry is always kept at position zero.  "
"This is useful for applications which repeatedly access the smallest element"
" but do not want to run a full list sort::"
#: ../../tutorial/stdlib2.rst:355
msgid "Decimal Floating Point Arithmetic"
#: ../../tutorial/stdlib2.rst:357
"The :mod:`decimal` module offers a :class:`~decimal.Decimal` datatype for "
"decimal floating point arithmetic.  Compared to the built-in :class:`float` "
"implementation of binary floating point, the class is especially helpful for"
#: ../../tutorial/stdlib2.rst:361
"financial applications and other uses which require exact decimal "
"representation,"
#: ../../tutorial/stdlib2.rst:363
msgid "control over precision,"
#: ../../tutorial/stdlib2.rst:364
msgid "control over rounding to meet legal or regulatory requirements,"
#: ../../tutorial/stdlib2.rst:365
msgid "tracking of significant decimal places, or"
#: ../../tutorial/stdlib2.rst:366
"applications where the user expects the results to match calculations done "
#: ../../tutorial/stdlib2.rst:369
"For example, calculating a 5% tax on a 70 cent phone charge gives different "
"results in decimal floating point and binary floating point. The difference "
"becomes significant if the results are rounded to the nearest cent::"
#: ../../tutorial/stdlib2.rst:379
"The :class:`~decimal.Decimal` result keeps a trailing zero, automatically "
"inferring four place significance from multiplicands with two place "
"significance.  Decimal reproduces mathematics as done by hand and avoids "
"issues that can arise when binary floating point cannot exactly represent "
"decimal quantities."
#: ../../tutorial/stdlib2.rst:385
"Exact representation enables the :class:`~decimal.Decimal` class to perform "
"modulo calculations and equality tests that are unsuitable for binary "
"floating point::"
#: ../../tutorial/stdlib2.rst:399
"The :mod:`decimal` module provides arithmetic with as much precision as "
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