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# SOME DESCRIPTIVE TITLE.
# Copyright (C) 2001 Python Software Foundation
# This file is distributed under the same license as the Python package.
# FIRST AUTHOR <EMAIL@ADDRESS>, YEAR.
# Translators:
# Alireza Shabani (Revisto) <theRevisto@gmail.com>, 2025
"Project-Id-Version: Python 3.14\n"
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"POT-Creation-Date: 2026-07-25 12:59+0330\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: 2021-06-28 01:50+0000\n"
"Last-Translator: Alireza Shabani (Revisto) <theRevisto@gmail.com>, 2025\n"
"Language-Team: Persian (https://app.transifex.com/python-doc/teams/5390/"
"Language: fa\n"
"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
"Plural-Forms: nplurals=2; plural=(n > 1);\n"
#: ../../tutorial/stdlib2.rst:5
msgid "Brief tour of the standard library --- part II"
#: ../../tutorial/stdlib2.rst:7
"This second tour covers more advanced modules that support professional "
"programming needs.  These modules rarely occur in small scripts."
#: ../../tutorial/stdlib2.rst:14
msgid "Output formatting"
#: ../../tutorial/stdlib2.rst:16
"The :mod:`reprlib` module provides a version of :func:`repr` customized for "
"abbreviated displays of large or deeply nested containers::"
#: ../../tutorial/stdlib2.rst:19
">>> import reprlib\n"
">>> reprlib.repr(set('supercalifragilisticexpialidocious'))\n"
"\"{'a', 'c', 'd', 'e', 'f', 'g', ...}\""
#: ../../tutorial/stdlib2.rst:23
"The :mod:`pprint` module offers more sophisticated control over printing "
"both built-in and user defined objects in a way that is readable by the "
"interpreter. When the result is longer than one line, the \"pretty printer\" "
"adds line breaks and indentation to more clearly reveal data structure::"
#: ../../tutorial/stdlib2.rst:28
">>> import pprint\n"
">>> t = [[[['black', 'cyan'], 'white', ['green', 'red']], [['magenta',\n"
"...     'yellow'], 'blue']]]\n"
">>> pprint.pprint(t, width=30)\n"
"[[[['black', 'cyan'],\n"
"   'white',\n"
"   ['green', 'red']],\n"
"  [['magenta', 'yellow'],\n"
"   'blue']]]"
#: ../../tutorial/stdlib2.rst:39
"The :mod:`textwrap` module formats paragraphs of text to fit a given screen "
#: ../../tutorial/stdlib2.rst:42
">>> import textwrap\n"
">>> doc = \"\"\"The wrap() method is just like fill() except that it "
"returns\n"
"... a list of strings instead of one big string with newlines to separate\n"
"... the wrapped lines.\"\"\"\n"
">>> print(textwrap.fill(doc, width=40))\n"
"The wrap() method is just like fill()\n"
"except that it returns a list of strings\n"
"instead of one big string with newlines\n"
"to separate the wrapped lines."
#: ../../tutorial/stdlib2.rst:53
"The :mod:`locale` module accesses a database of culture specific data "
"formats. The grouping attribute of locale's format function provides a "
"direct way of formatting numbers with group separators::"
#: ../../tutorial/stdlib2.rst:57
">>> import locale\n"
">>> locale.setlocale(locale.LC_ALL, 'English_United States.1252')\n"
"'English_United States.1252'\n"
">>> conv = locale.localeconv()          # get a mapping of conventions\n"
">>> x = 1234567.8\n"
">>> locale.format_string(\"%d\", x, grouping=True)\n"
"'1,234,567'\n"
">>> locale.format_string(\"%s%.*f\", (conv['currency_symbol'],\n"
"...                      conv['frac_digits'], x), grouping=True)\n"
"'$1,234,567.80'"
#: ../../tutorial/stdlib2.rst:72
msgid "Templating"
#: ../../tutorial/stdlib2.rst:74
"The :mod:`string` module includes a versatile :class:`~string.Template` "
"class with a simplified syntax suitable for editing by end-users.  This "
"allows users to customize their applications without having to alter the "
"application."
#: ../../tutorial/stdlib2.rst:78
"The format uses placeholder names formed by ``$`` with valid Python "
"identifiers (alphanumeric characters and underscores).  Surrounding the "
"placeholder with braces allows it to be followed by more alphanumeric "
"letters with no intervening spaces.  Writing ``$$`` creates a single escaped "
#: ../../tutorial/stdlib2.rst:83
">>> from string import Template\n"
">>> t = Template('${village}folk send $$10 to $cause.')\n"
">>> t.substitute(village='Nottingham', cause='the ditch fund')\n"
"'Nottinghamfolk send $10 to the ditch fund.'"
#: ../../tutorial/stdlib2.rst:88
"The :meth:`~string.Template.substitute` method raises a :exc:`KeyError` when "
"a placeholder is not supplied in a dictionary or a keyword argument.  For "
"mail-merge style applications, user supplied data may be incomplete and "
"the :meth:`~string.Template.safe_substitute` method may be more appropriate "
"--- it will leave placeholders unchanged if data is missing::"
#: ../../tutorial/stdlib2.rst:94
">>> t = Template('Return the $item to $owner.')\n"
">>> d = dict(item='unladen swallow')\n"
">>> t.substitute(d)\n"
"Traceback (most recent call last):\n"
"KeyError: 'owner'\n"
">>> t.safe_substitute(d)\n"
"'Return the unladen swallow to $owner.'"
#: ../../tutorial/stdlib2.rst:103
"Template subclasses can specify a custom delimiter.  For example, a batch "
"renaming utility for a photo browser may elect to use percent signs for "
"placeholders such as the current date, image sequence number, or file "
#: ../../tutorial/stdlib2.rst:107
">>> import time, os.path\n"
">>> photofiles = ['img_1074.jpg', 'img_1076.jpg', 'img_1077.jpg']\n"
">>> class BatchRename(Template):\n"
"...     delimiter = '%'\n"
">>> fmt = input('Enter rename style (%d-date %n-seqnum %f-format):  ')\n"
"Enter rename style (%d-date %n-seqnum %f-format):  Ashley_%n%f\n"
">>> t = BatchRename(fmt)\n"
">>> date = time.strftime('%d%b%y')\n"
">>> for i, filename in enumerate(photofiles):\n"
"...     base, ext = os.path.splitext(filename)\n"
"...     newname = t.substitute(d=date, n=i, f=ext)\n"
"...     print('{0} --> {1}'.format(filename, newname))\n"
"img_1074.jpg --> Ashley_0.jpg\n"
"img_1076.jpg --> Ashley_1.jpg\n"
"img_1077.jpg --> Ashley_2.jpg"
#: ../../tutorial/stdlib2.rst:126
"Another application for templating is separating program logic from the "
"details of multiple output formats.  This makes it possible to substitute "
"custom templates for XML files, plain text reports, and HTML web reports."
#: ../../tutorial/stdlib2.rst:134
msgid "Working with binary data record layouts"
#: ../../tutorial/stdlib2.rst:136
"The :mod:`struct` module provides :func:`~struct.pack` "
"and :func:`~struct.unpack` functions for working with variable length binary "
"record formats.  The following example shows how to loop through header "
"information in a ZIP file without using the :mod:`zipfile` module.  Pack "
"codes ``\"H\"`` and ``\"I\"`` represent two and four byte unsigned numbers "
"respectively.  The ``\"<\"`` indicates that they are standard size and in "
"little-endian byte order::"
#: ../../tutorial/stdlib2.rst:144
"import struct\n"
"with open('myfile.zip', 'rb') as f:\n"
"    data = f.read()\n"
"start = 0\n"
"for i in range(3):                      # show the first 3 file headers\n"
"    start += 14\n"
"    fields = struct.unpack('<IIIHH', data[start:start+16])\n"
"    crc32, comp_size, uncomp_size, filenamesize, extra_size = fields\n"
"    start += 16\n"
"    filename = data[start:start+filenamesize]\n"
"    start += filenamesize\n"
"    extra = data[start:start+extra_size]\n"
"    print(filename, hex(crc32), comp_size, uncomp_size)\n"
"    start += extra_size + comp_size     # skip to the next header"
#: ../../tutorial/stdlib2.rst:167
msgid "Multi-threading"
#: ../../tutorial/stdlib2.rst:169
"Threading is a technique for decoupling tasks which are not sequentially "
"dependent.  Threads can be used to improve the responsiveness of "
"applications that accept user input while other tasks run in the "
"background.  A related use case is running I/O in parallel with computations "
"in another thread."
#: ../../tutorial/stdlib2.rst:174
"The following code shows how the high level :mod:`threading` module can run "
"tasks in background while the main program continues to run::"
#: ../../tutorial/stdlib2.rst:177
"import threading, zipfile\n"
"class AsyncZip(threading.Thread):\n"
"    def __init__(self, infile, outfile):\n"
"        super().__init__()\n"
"        self.infile = infile\n"
"        self.outfile = outfile\n"
"    def run(self):\n"
"        with zipfile.ZipFile(self.outfile, 'w', zipfile.ZIP_DEFLATED) as f:\n"
"            f.write(self.infile)\n"
"        print('Finished background zip of:', self.infile)\n"
"background = AsyncZip('mydata.txt', 'myarchive.zip')\n"
"background.start()\n"
"print('The main program continues to run in foreground.')\n"
"background.join()    # Wait for the background task to finish\n"
"print('Main program waited until background was done.')"
#: ../../tutorial/stdlib2.rst:197
"The principal challenge of multi-threaded applications is coordinating "
"threads that share data or other resources.  To that end, the threading "
"module provides a number of synchronization primitives including locks, "
"events, condition variables, and semaphores."
#: ../../tutorial/stdlib2.rst:202
"While those tools are powerful, minor design errors can result in problems "
"that are difficult to reproduce.  So, the preferred approach to task "
"coordination is to concentrate all access to a resource in a single thread "
"and then use the :mod:`queue` module to feed that thread with requests from "
"other threads. Applications using :class:`~queue.Queue` objects for inter-"
"thread communication and coordination are easier to design, more readable, "
"and more reliable."
#: ../../tutorial/stdlib2.rst:213
msgid "Logging"
#: ../../tutorial/stdlib2.rst:215
"The :mod:`logging` module offers a full featured and flexible logging "
"system. At its simplest, log messages are sent to a file or to "
"``sys.stderr``::"
#: ../../tutorial/stdlib2.rst:218
"import logging\n"
"logging.debug('Debugging information')\n"
"logging.info('Informational message')\n"
"logging.warning('Warning:config file %s not found', 'server.conf')\n"
"logging.error('Error occurred')\n"
"logging.critical('Critical error -- shutting down')"
#: ../../tutorial/stdlib2.rst:225
msgid "This produces the following output:"
#: ../../tutorial/stdlib2.rst:227
"WARNING:root:Warning:config file server.conf not found\n"
"ERROR:root:Error occurred\n"
"CRITICAL:root:Critical error -- shutting down"
#: ../../tutorial/stdlib2.rst:233
"By default, informational and debugging messages are suppressed and the "
"output is sent to standard error.  Other output options include routing "
"messages through email, datagrams, sockets, or to an HTTP Server.  New "
"filters can select different routing based on message "
"priority: :const:`~logging.DEBUG`, :const:`~logging.INFO`, :const:`~logging.WARNING`, :const:`~logging.ERROR`, "
"and :const:`~logging.CRITICAL`."
#: ../../tutorial/stdlib2.rst:240
"The logging system can be configured directly from Python or can be loaded "
"from a user editable configuration file for customized logging without "
"altering the application."
#: ../../tutorial/stdlib2.rst:248
msgid "Weak references"
#: ../../tutorial/stdlib2.rst:250
"Python does automatic memory management (reference counting for most objects "
"and :term:`garbage collection` to eliminate cycles).  The memory is freed "
"shortly after the last reference to it has been eliminated."
#: ../../tutorial/stdlib2.rst:254
"This approach works fine for most applications but occasionally there is a "
"need to track objects only as long as they are being used by something else. "
"Unfortunately, just tracking them creates a reference that makes them "
"permanent. The :mod:`weakref` module provides tools for tracking objects "
"without creating a reference.  When the object is no longer needed, it is "
"automatically removed from a weakref table and a callback is triggered for "
"weakref objects.  Typical applications include caching objects that are "
"expensive to create::"
#: ../../tutorial/stdlib2.rst:262
">>> import weakref, gc\n"
">>> class A:\n"
"...     def __init__(self, value):\n"
"...         self.value = value\n"
"...     def __repr__(self):\n"
"...         return str(self.value)\n"
">>> a = A(10)                   # create a reference\n"
">>> d = weakref.WeakValueDictionary()\n"
">>> d['primary'] = a            # does not create a reference\n"
">>> d['primary']                # fetch the object if it is still alive\n"
">>> del a                       # remove the one reference\n"
">>> gc.collect()                # run garbage collection right away\n"
">>> d['primary']                # entry was automatically removed\n"
"Traceback (most recent call last):\n"
"  File \"<stdin>\", line 1, in <module>\n"
"    d['primary']                # entry was automatically removed\n"
"  File \"C:/python314/lib/weakref.py\", line 46, in __getitem__\n"
"    o = self.data[key]()\n"
"KeyError: 'primary'"
#: ../../tutorial/stdlib2.rst:289
msgid "Tools for working with lists"
#: ../../tutorial/stdlib2.rst:291
"Many data structure needs can be met with the built-in list type. However, "
"sometimes there is a need for alternative implementations with different "
"performance trade-offs."
#: ../../tutorial/stdlib2.rst:295
"The :mod:`array` module provides an :class:`~array.array` object that is "
"like a list that stores only homogeneous data and stores it more compactly.  "
"The following example shows an array of numbers stored as two byte unsigned "
"binary numbers (typecode ``\"H\"``) rather than the usual 16 bytes per entry "
"for regular lists of Python int objects::"
#: ../../tutorial/stdlib2.rst:301
">>> from array import array\n"
">>> a = array('H', [4000, 10, 700, 22222])\n"
">>> sum(a)\n"
">>> a[1:3]\n"
"array('H', [10, 700])"
#: ../../tutorial/stdlib2.rst:308
"The :mod:`collections` module provides a :class:`~collections.deque` object "
"that is like a list with faster appends and pops from the left side but "
"slower lookups in the middle. These objects are well suited for implementing "
"queues and breadth first tree searches::"
#: ../../tutorial/stdlib2.rst:313
">>> from collections import deque\n"
">>> d = deque([\"task1\", \"task2\", \"task3\"])\n"
">>> d.append(\"task4\")\n"
">>> print(\"Handling\", d.popleft())\n"
"Handling task1"
#: ../../tutorial/stdlib2.rst:321
"unsearched = deque([starting_node])\n"
"def breadth_first_search(unsearched):\n"
"    node = unsearched.popleft()\n"
"    for m in gen_moves(node):\n"
"        if is_goal(m):\n"
"            return m\n"
"        unsearched.append(m)"
#: ../../tutorial/stdlib2.rst:329
"In addition to alternative list implementations, the library also offers "
"other tools such as the :mod:`bisect` module with functions for manipulating "
"sorted lists::"
#: ../../tutorial/stdlib2.rst:333
">>> import bisect\n"
">>> scores = [(100, 'perl'), (200, 'tcl'), (400, 'lua'), (500, 'python')]\n"
">>> bisect.insort(scores, (300, 'ruby'))\n"
">>> scores\n"
"[(100, 'perl'), (200, 'tcl'), (300, 'ruby'), (400, 'lua'), (500, 'python')]"
#: ../../tutorial/stdlib2.rst:339
"The :mod:`heapq` module provides functions for implementing heaps based on "
"regular lists.  The lowest valued entry is always kept at position zero.  "
"This is useful for applications which repeatedly access the smallest element "
"but do not want to run a full list sort::"
#: ../../tutorial/stdlib2.rst:344
">>> from heapq import heapify, heappop, heappush\n"
">>> data = [1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 2, 4, 6, 8, 0]\n"
">>> heapify(data)                      # rearrange the list into heap order\n"
">>> heappush(data, -5)                 # add a new entry\n"
">>> [heappop(data) for i in range(3)]  # fetch the three smallest entries\n"
"[-5, 0, 1]"
#: ../../tutorial/stdlib2.rst:355
msgid "Decimal floating-point arithmetic"
#: ../../tutorial/stdlib2.rst:357
"The :mod:`decimal` module offers a :class:`~decimal.Decimal` datatype for "
"decimal floating-point arithmetic.  Compared to the built-in :class:`float` "
"implementation of binary floating point, the class is especially helpful for"
#: ../../tutorial/stdlib2.rst:361
"financial applications and other uses which require exact decimal "
"representation,"
#: ../../tutorial/stdlib2.rst:363
msgid "control over precision,"
#: ../../tutorial/stdlib2.rst:364
msgid "control over rounding to meet legal or regulatory requirements,"
#: ../../tutorial/stdlib2.rst:365
msgid "tracking of significant decimal places, or"
#: ../../tutorial/stdlib2.rst:366
"applications where the user expects the results to match calculations done "
#: ../../tutorial/stdlib2.rst:369
"For example, calculating a 5% tax on a 70 cent phone charge gives different "
"results in decimal floating point and binary floating point. The difference "
"becomes significant if the results are rounded to the nearest cent::"
#: ../../tutorial/stdlib2.rst:373
">>> from decimal import *\n"
">>> round(Decimal('0.70') * Decimal('1.05'), 2)\n"
"Decimal('0.74')\n"
">>> round(.70 * 1.05, 2)\n"
#: ../../tutorial/stdlib2.rst:379
"The :class:`~decimal.Decimal` result keeps a trailing zero, automatically "
"inferring four place significance from multiplicands with two place "
"significance.  Decimal reproduces mathematics as done by hand and avoids "
"issues that can arise when binary floating point cannot exactly represent "
"decimal quantities."
#: ../../tutorial/stdlib2.rst:385
"Exact representation enables the :class:`~decimal.Decimal` class to perform "
"modulo calculations and equality tests that are unsuitable for binary "
"floating point::"
#: ../../tutorial/stdlib2.rst:389
">>> Decimal('1.00') % Decimal('.10')\n"
"Decimal('0.00')\n"
">>> 1.00 % 0.10\n"
"0.09999999999999995\n"
">>> sum([Decimal('0.1')]*10) == Decimal('1.0')\n"
">>> 0.1 + 0.1 + 0.1 + 0.1 + 0.1 + 0.1 + 0.1 + 0.1 + 0.1 + 0.1 == 1.0\n"
#: ../../tutorial/stdlib2.rst:399
"The :mod:`decimal` module provides arithmetic with as much precision as "
#: ../../tutorial/stdlib2.rst:401
">>> getcontext().prec = 36\n"
">>> Decimal(1) / Decimal(7)\n"
"Decimal('0.142857142857142857142857142857142857')"
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