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# Module providing various facilities to other parts of the package

# multiprocessing/util.py

# Licensed to PSF under a Contributor Agreement.

import os

import itertools

import sys

import tempfile

import weakref

import atexit

import threading # we want threading to install it's

# cleanup function before multiprocessing does

from subprocess import _args_from_interpreter_flags # noqa: F401

from . import process

__all__ = [

'sub_debug', 'debug', 'info', 'sub_warning', 'warn', 'get_logger',

'log_to_stderr', 'get_temp_dir', 'register_after_fork',

'is_exiting', 'Finalize', 'ForkAwareThreadLock', 'ForkAwareLocal',

'close_all_fds_except', 'SUBDEBUG', 'SUBWARNING',

]

# Logging

NOTSET = 0

SUBDEBUG = 5

DEBUG = 10

INFO = 20

SUBWARNING = 25

WARNING = 30

LOGGER_NAME = 'multiprocessing'

DEFAULT_LOGGING_FORMAT = '[%(levelname)s/%(processName)s] %(message)s'

_logger = None

_log_to_stderr = False

def sub_debug(msg, *args):

if _logger:

_logger.log(SUBDEBUG, msg, *args, stacklevel=2)

def debug(msg, *args):

if _logger:

_logger.log(DEBUG, msg, *args, stacklevel=2)

def info(msg, *args):

if _logger:

_logger.log(INFO, msg, *args, stacklevel=2)

def warn(msg, *args):

if _logger:

_logger.log(WARNING, msg, *args, stacklevel=2)

def sub_warning(msg, *args):

if _logger:

_logger.log(SUBWARNING, msg, *args, stacklevel=2)

def get_logger():

'''

Returns logger used by multiprocessing

'''

global _logger

import logging

with logging._lock:

if not _logger:

_logger = logging.getLogger(LOGGER_NAME)

_logger.propagate = 0

# XXX multiprocessing should cleanup before logging

if hasattr(atexit, 'unregister'):

atexit.unregister(_exit_function)

atexit.register(_exit_function)

else:

atexit._exithandlers.remove((_exit_function, (), {}))

atexit._exithandlers.append((_exit_function, (), {}))

return _logger

def log_to_stderr(level=None):

'''

Turn on logging and add a handler which prints to stderr

'''

global _log_to_stderr

import logging

logger = get_logger()

formatter = logging.Formatter(DEFAULT_LOGGING_FORMAT)

handler = logging.StreamHandler()

handler.setFormatter(formatter)

logger.addHandler(handler)

if level:

logger.setLevel(level)

_log_to_stderr = True

return _logger

# Abstract socket support

def _platform_supports_abstract_sockets():

return sys.platform in ("linux", "android")

def is_abstract_socket_namespace(address):

if not address:

return False

if isinstance(address, bytes):

return address[0] == 0

elif isinstance(address, str):

return address[0] == "\0"

raise TypeError(f'address type of {address!r} unrecognized')

abstract_sockets_supported = _platform_supports_abstract_sockets()

# Function returning a temp directory which will be removed on exit

# Maximum length of a NULL-terminated [1] socket file path is usually

# between 92 and 108 [2], but Linux is known to use a size of 108 [3].

# BSD-based systems usually use a size of 104 or 108 and Windows does

# not create AF_UNIX sockets.

# [1]: https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/140734

# [2]: https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9799919799/basedefs/sys_un.h.html

# [3]: https://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man7/unix.7.html

if sys.platform == 'linux':

_SUN_PATH_MAX = 108

elif sys.platform.startswith(('openbsd', 'freebsd')):

_SUN_PATH_MAX = 104

else:

# On Windows platforms, we do not create AF_UNIX sockets.

_SUN_PATH_MAX = None if os.name == 'nt' else 92

def _remove_temp_dir(rmtree, tempdir):

rmtree(tempdir)

current_process = process.current_process()

# current_process() can be None if the finalizer is called

# late during Python finalization

if current_process is not None:

current_process._config['tempdir'] = None

def _get_base_temp_dir():

"""Get a temporary directory where socket files will be created.

To prevent additional imports, pass a pre-imported 'tempfile' module.

"""

if os.name == 'nt':

return None

# Most of the time, the default temporary directory is /tmp. Thus,

# listener sockets files "$TMPDIR/pymp-XXXXXXXX/sock-XXXXXXXX" do

# not have a path length exceeding SUN_PATH_MAX.

# If users specify their own temporary directory, we may be unable

# to create those files. Therefore, we fall back to the system-wide

# temporary directory /tmp, assumed to exist on POSIX systems.

# See https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/132124.

base_tempdir = tempfile.gettempdir()

# Files created in a temporary directory are suffixed by a string

# generated by tempfile._RandomNameSequence, which, by design,

# is 8 characters long.

# Thus, the socket file path length (without NULL terminator) will be:

# len(base_tempdir + '/pymp-XXXXXXXX' + '/sock-XXXXXXXX')

sun_path_len = len(base_tempdir) + 14 + 14

# Strict inequality to account for the NULL terminator.

# See https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/140734.

if sun_path_len < _SUN_PATH_MAX:

return base_tempdir

# Fallback to the default system-wide temporary directory.

# This ignores user-defined environment variables.

# On POSIX systems, /tmp MUST be writable by any application [1].

# We however emit a warning if this is not the case to prevent

# obscure errors later in the execution.

# On some legacy systems, /var/tmp and /usr/tmp can be present

# and will be used instead.

# [1]: https://refspecs.linuxfoundation.org/FHS_3.0/fhs/ch03s18.html

dirlist = ['/tmp', '/var/tmp', '/usr/tmp']

try:

base_system_tempdir = tempfile._get_default_tempdir(dirlist)

except FileNotFoundError:

warn("Process-wide temporary directory %s will not be usable for "

"creating socket files and no usable system-wide temporary "

"directory was found in %s", base_tempdir, dirlist)

# At this point, the system-wide temporary directory is not usable

# but we may assume that the user-defined one is, even if we will

# not be able to write socket files out there.

return base_tempdir

warn("Ignoring user-defined temporary directory: %s", base_tempdir)

# at most max(map(len, dirlist)) + 14 + 14 = 36 characters

assert len(base_system_tempdir) + 14 + 14 < _SUN_PATH_MAX

return base_system_tempdir

def get_temp_dir():

# get name of a temp directory which will be automatically cleaned up

tempdir = process.current_process()._config.get('tempdir')

if tempdir is None:

import shutil

base_tempdir = _get_base_temp_dir()

tempdir = tempfile.mkdtemp(prefix='pymp-', dir=base_tempdir)

info('created temp directory %s', tempdir)

# keep a strong reference to shutil.rmtree(), since the finalizer

# can be called late during Python shutdown

Finalize(None, _remove_temp_dir, args=(shutil.rmtree, tempdir),

exitpriority=-100)

process.current_process()._config['tempdir'] = tempdir

return tempdir

def _has_writeable_tempdir():

# 'forkserver' requires writeable temporary files. This function is

# called to determine the default context's start method.

# See: https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/155717.

path = _get_base_temp_dir()

if path is None:

return False

# os.access() is advisory and racy. It can lie on read-only filesystems,

# NFS/network mounts, containers, and immutable-flag files, so we simply

# try to create a file to check if this works and delete it otherwise.

try:

with tempfile.NamedTemporaryFile(dir=path):

return True

except OSError:

return False

# Support for reinitialization of objects when bootstrapping a child process

_afterfork_registry = weakref.WeakValueDictionary()

_afterfork_counter = itertools.count()

def _run_after_forkers():

items = list(_afterfork_registry.items())

items.sort()

for (index, ident, func), obj in items:

try:

func(obj)

except Exception as e:

info('after forker raised exception %s', e)

def register_after_fork(obj, func):

_afterfork_registry[(next(_afterfork_counter), id(obj), func)] = obj

# Finalization using weakrefs

_finalizer_registry = {}

_finalizer_counter = itertools.count()

class Finalize(object):

'''

Class which supports object finalization using weakrefs

'''

def __init__(self, obj, callback, args=(), kwargs=None, exitpriority=None):

if (exitpriority is not None) and not isinstance(exitpriority,int):

raise TypeError(

"Exitpriority ({0!r}) must be None or int, not {1!s}".format(

exitpriority, type(exitpriority)))

if obj is not None:

self._weakref = weakref.ref(obj, self)

elif exitpriority is None:

raise ValueError("Without object, exitpriority cannot be None")

self._callback = callback

self._args = args

self._kwargs = kwargs or {}

self._key = (exitpriority, next(_finalizer_counter))

self._pid = os.getpid()

_finalizer_registry[self._key] = self

def __call__(self, wr=None,

# Need to bind these locally because the globals can have

# been cleared at shutdown

_finalizer_registry=_finalizer_registry,

sub_debug=sub_debug, getpid=os.getpid):

'''

Run the callback unless it has already been called or cancelled

'''

try:

del _finalizer_registry[self._key]

except KeyError:

sub_debug('finalizer no longer registered')

else:

if self._pid != getpid():

sub_debug('finalizer ignored because different process')

res = None

else:

sub_debug('finalizer calling %s with args %s and kwargs %s',

self._callback, self._args, self._kwargs)

res = self._callback(*self._args, **self._kwargs)

self._weakref = self._callback = self._args = \

self._kwargs = self._key = None

return res

def cancel(self):

'''

Cancel finalization of the object

'''

try:

del _finalizer_registry[self._key]

except KeyError:

pass

else:

self._weakref = self._callback = self._args = \

self._kwargs = self._key = None

def still_active(self):

'''

Return whether this finalizer is still waiting to invoke callback

'''

return self._key in _finalizer_registry

def __repr__(self):

try:

obj = self._weakref()

except (AttributeError, TypeError):

obj = None

if obj is None:

return '<%s object, dead>' % self.__class__.__name__

x = '<%s object, callback=%s' % (

self.__class__.__name__,

getattr(self._callback, '__name__', self._callback))

if self._args:

x += ', args=' + str(self._args)

if self._kwargs:

x += ', kwargs=' + str(self._kwargs)

if self._key[0] is not None:

x += ', exitpriority=' + str(self._key[0])

return x + '>'

def _run_finalizers(minpriority=None):

'''

Run all finalizers whose exit priority is not None and at least minpriority

Finalizers with highest priority are called first; finalizers with

the same priority will be called in reverse order of creation.

'''

if _finalizer_registry is None:

# This function may be called after this module's globals are

# destroyed. See the _exit_function function in this module for more

# notes.

return

if minpriority is None:

f = lambda p : p[0] is not None

else:

f = lambda p : p[0] is not None and p[0] >= minpriority

# Careful: _finalizer_registry may be mutated while this function

# is running (either by a GC run or by another thread).

# list(_finalizer_registry) should be atomic, while

# list(_finalizer_registry.items()) is not.

keys = [key for key in list(_finalizer_registry) if f(key)]

keys.sort(reverse=True)

for key in keys:

finalizer = _finalizer_registry.get(key)

# key may have been removed from the registry

if finalizer is not None:

sub_debug('calling %s', finalizer)

try:

finalizer()

except Exception:

import traceback

traceback.print_exc()

if minpriority is None:

_finalizer_registry.clear()

# Clean up on exit

def is_exiting():

'''

Returns true if the process is shutting down

'''

return _exiting or _exiting is None

_exiting = False

def _exit_function(info=info, debug=debug, _run_finalizers=_run_finalizers,

active_children=process.active_children,

current_process=process.current_process):

# We hold on to references to functions in the arglist due to the

# situation described below, where this function is called after this

# module's globals are destroyed.

global _exiting

if not _exiting:

_exiting = True

info('process shutting down')

debug('running all "atexit" finalizers with priority >= 0')

_run_finalizers(0)

if current_process() is not None:

# We check if the current process is None here because if

# it's None, any call to ``active_children()`` will raise

# an AttributeError (active_children winds up trying to

# get attributes from util._current_process). One

# situation where this can happen is if someone has

# manipulated sys.modules, causing this module to be

# garbage collected. The destructor for the module type

# then replaces all values in the module dict with None.

# For instance, after setuptools runs a test it replaces

# sys.modules with a copy created earlier. See issues

# #9775 and #15881. Also related: #4106, #9205, and

# #9207.

for p in active_children():

if p.daemon:

info('calling terminate() for daemon %s', p.name)

p._popen.terminate()

for p in active_children():

info('calling join() for process %s', p.name)

p.join()

debug('running the remaining "atexit" finalizers')

_run_finalizers()

atexit.register(_exit_function)

# Some fork aware types

class ForkAwareThreadLock(object):

def __init__(self):

self._lock = threading.Lock()

self.acquire = self._lock.acquire

self.release = self._lock.release

register_after_fork(self, ForkAwareThreadLock._at_fork_reinit)

def _at_fork_reinit(self):

self._lock._at_fork_reinit()

def __enter__(self):

return self._lock.__enter__()

def __exit__(self, *args):

return self._lock.__exit__(*args)

class ForkAwareLocal(threading.local):

def __init__(self):

register_after_fork(self, lambda obj : obj.__dict__.clear())

def __reduce__(self):

return type(self), ()

# Close fds except those specified

try:

MAXFD = os.sysconf("SC_OPEN_MAX")

except Exception:

MAXFD = 256

def close_all_fds_except(fds):

fds = list(fds) + [-1, MAXFD]

fds.sort()

assert fds[-1] == MAXFD, 'fd too large'

for i in range(len(fds) - 1):

os.closerange(fds[i]+1, fds[i+1])

# Close sys.stdin and replace stdin with os.devnull

def _close_stdin():

if sys.stdin is None:

return

try:

sys.stdin.close()

except (OSError, ValueError):

pass

try:

fd = os.open(os.devnull, os.O_RDONLY)

try:

sys.stdin = open(fd, encoding="utf-8", closefd=False)

except:

os.close(fd)

raise

except (OSError, ValueError):

pass

# Flush standard streams, if any

def _flush_std_streams():

try:

sys.stdout.flush()

except (AttributeError, ValueError):

pass

try:

sys.stderr.flush()

except (AttributeError, ValueError):

pass

# Start a program with only specified fds kept open

def spawnv_passfds(path, args, passfds):

import _posixsubprocess

passfds = tuple(sorted(map(int, passfds)))

errpipe_read, errpipe_write = os.pipe()

try:

return _posixsubprocess.fork_exec(

args, [path], True, passfds, None, None,

-1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, errpipe_read, errpipe_write,

False, False, -1, None, None, None, -1, None)

finally:

os.close(errpipe_read)

os.close(errpipe_write)

def close_fds(*fds):

"""Close each file descriptor given as an argument"""

for fd in fds:

os.close(fd)

def _cleanup_tests():

"""Cleanup multiprocessing resources when multiprocessing tests

completed."""

from test import support

# cleanup multiprocessing

process._cleanup()

# Stop the ForkServer process if it's running

from multiprocessing import forkserver

forkserver._forkserver._stop()

# Stop the ResourceTracker process if it's running

from multiprocessing import resource_tracker

resource_tracker._resource_tracker._stop()

# bpo-37421: Explicitly call _run_finalizers() to remove immediately

# temporary directories created by multiprocessing.util.get_temp_dir().

_run_finalizers()

support.gc_collect()

support.reap_children()

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