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executable file
·373 lines (295 loc) · 12.2 KB
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#!/usr/bin/env python
# coding: utf-8
"""
A pure python ping implementation using raw sockets.
Note that ICMP messages can only be send from processes running as root
(in Windows, you must run this script as 'Administrator').
Bugs are naturally mine. I'd be glad to hear about them. There are
certainly word - size dependencies here.
:homepage: https://github.com/jedie/python-ping/
:copyleft: 1989-2011 by the python-ping team, see AUTHORS for more details.
:license: GNU GPL v2, see LICENSE for more details.
"""
import os
import select
import signal
import socket
import struct
import sys
import time
if sys.platform.startswith("win32"):
# On Windows, the best timer is time.clock()
default_timer = time.clock
else:
# On most other platforms the best timer is time.time()
default_timer = time.time
# ICMP parameters
ICMP_ECHOREPLY = 0 # Echo reply (per RFC792)
ICMP_ECHO = 8 # Echo request (per RFC792)
ICMP_MAX_RECV = 2048 # Max size of incoming buffer
MAX_SLEEP = 1000
def calculate_checksum(source_string):
"""
A port of the functionality of in_cksum() from ping.c
Ideally this would act on the string as a series of 16-bit ints (host
packed), but this works.
Network data is big-endian, hosts are typically little-endian
"""
countTo = (int(len(source_string) / 2)) * 2
sum = 0
count = 0
# Handle bytes in pairs (decoding as short ints)
loByte = 0
hiByte = 0
while count < countTo:
if (sys.byteorder == "little"):
loByte = source_string[count]
hiByte = source_string[count + 1]
else:
loByte = source_string[count + 1]
hiByte = source_string[count]
sum = sum + (ord(hiByte) * 256 + ord(loByte))
count += 2
# Handle last byte if applicable (odd-number of bytes)
# Endianness should be irrelevant in this case
if countTo < len(source_string): # Check for odd length
loByte = source_string[len(source_string) - 1]
sum += ord(loByte)
sum &= 0xffffffff # Truncate sum to 32 bits (a variance from ping.c, which
# uses signed ints, but overflow is unlikely in ping)
sum = (sum >> 16) + (sum & 0xffff) # Add high 16 bits to low 16 bits
sum += (sum >> 16) # Add carry from above (if any)
answer = ~sum & 0xffff # Invert and truncate to 16 bits
answer = socket.htons(answer)
return answer
def is_valid_ip4_address(addr):
parts = addr.split(".")
if not len(parts) == 4:
return False
for part in parts:
try:
number = int(part)
except ValueError:
return False
if number > 255:
return False
return True
def to_ip(addr):
if is_valid_ip4_address(addr):
return addr
return socket.gethostbyname(addr)
class Ping(object):
def __init__(self, destination, timeout=1000, packet_size=55, own_id=None):
self.destination = destination
self.timeout = timeout
self.packet_size = packet_size
if own_id is None:
self.own_id = os.getpid() & 0xFFFF
else:
self.own_id = own_id
try:
# FIXME: Use destination only for display this line here? see: https://github.com/jedie/python-ping/issues/3
self.dest_ip = to_ip(self.destination)
except socket.gaierror as e:
self.print_unknown_host(e)
else:
self.print_start()
self.seq_number = 0
self.send_count = 0
self.receive_count = 0
self.min_time = 999999999
self.max_time = 0.0
self.total_time = 0.0
#--------------------------------------------------------------------------
def print_start(self):
print("\nPYTHON-PING %s (%s): %d data bytes" % (self.destination, self.dest_ip, self.packet_size))
def print_unknown_host(self, e):
print("\nPYTHON-PING: Unknown host: %s (%s)\n" % (self.destination, e.args[1]))
sys.exit(-1)
def print_success(self, delay, ip, packet_size, ip_header, icmp_header):
if ip == self.destination:
from_info = ip
else:
from_info = "%s (%s)" % (self.destination, ip)
print("%d bytes from %s: icmp_seq=%d ttl=%d time=%.1f ms" % (
packet_size, from_info, icmp_header["seq_number"], ip_header["ttl"], delay)
)
#print("IP header: %r" % ip_header)
#print("ICMP header: %r" % icmp_header)
def print_failed(self):
print("Request timed out.")
def print_exit(self):
print("\n----%s PYTHON PING Statistics----" % (self.destination))
lost_count = self.send_count - self.receive_count
#print("%i packets lost" % lost_count)
lost_rate = float(lost_count) / self.send_count * 100.0
print("%d packets transmitted, %d packets received, %0.1f%% packet loss" % (
self.send_count, self.receive_count, lost_rate
))
if self.receive_count > 0:
print("round-trip (ms) min/avg/max = %0.3f/%0.3f/%0.3f" % (
self.min_time, self.total_time / self.receive_count, self.max_time
))
print("")
#--------------------------------------------------------------------------
def signal_handler(self, signum, frame):
"""
Handle print_exit via signals
"""
self.print_exit()
print("\n(Terminated with signal %d)\n" % (signum))
sys.exit(0)
def setup_signal_handler(self):
signal.signal(signal.SIGINT, self.signal_handler) # Handle Ctrl-C
if hasattr(signal, "SIGBREAK"):
# Handle Ctrl-Break e.g. under Windows
signal.signal(signal.SIGBREAK, self.signal_handler)
#--------------------------------------------------------------------------
def header2dict(self, names, struct_format, data):
""" unpack the raw received IP and ICMP header informations to a dict """
unpacked_data = struct.unpack(struct_format, data)
return dict(zip(names, unpacked_data))
#--------------------------------------------------------------------------
def run(self, count=None, deadline=None):
"""
send and receive pings in a loop. Stop if count or until deadline.
"""
self.setup_signal_handler()
while True:
delay = self.do()
self.seq_number += 1
if count and self.seq_number >= count:
break
if deadline and self.total_time >= deadline:
break
if delay == None:
delay = 0
# Pause for the remainder of the MAX_SLEEP period (if applicable)
if (MAX_SLEEP > delay):
time.sleep((MAX_SLEEP - delay) / 1000.0)
self.print_exit()
def do(self):
"""
Send one ICMP ECHO_REQUEST and receive the response until self.timeout
"""
try: # One could use UDP here, but it's obscure
current_socket = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_RAW, socket.getprotobyname("icmp"))
except socket.error, (errno, msg):
if errno == 1:
# Operation not permitted - Add more information to traceback
etype, evalue, etb = sys.exc_info()
evalue = etype(
"%s - Note that ICMP messages can only be send from processes running as root." % evalue
)
raise etype, evalue, etb
raise # raise the original error
send_time = self.send_one_ping(current_socket)
if send_time == None:
return
self.send_count += 1
receive_time, packet_size, ip, ip_header, icmp_header = self.receive_one_ping(current_socket)
current_socket.close()
if receive_time:
self.receive_count += 1
delay = (receive_time - send_time) * 1000.0
self.total_time += delay
if self.min_time > delay:
self.min_time = delay
if self.max_time < delay:
self.max_time = delay
self.print_success(delay, ip, packet_size, ip_header, icmp_header)
return delay
else:
self.print_failed()
def send_one_ping(self, current_socket):
"""
Send one ICMP ECHO_REQUEST
"""
# Header is type (8), code (8), checksum (16), id (16), sequence (16)
checksum = 0
# Make a dummy header with a 0 checksum.
header = struct.pack(
"!BBHHH", ICMP_ECHO, 0, checksum, self.own_id, self.seq_number
)
padBytes = []
startVal = 0x42
for i in range(startVal, startVal + (self.packet_size)):
padBytes += [(i & 0xff)] # Keep chars in the 0-255 range
data = bytes(padBytes)
# Calculate the checksum on the data and the dummy header.
checksum = calculate_checksum(header + data) # Checksum is in network order
# Now that we have the right checksum, we put that in. It's just easier
# to make up a new header than to stuff it into the dummy.
header = struct.pack(
"!BBHHH", ICMP_ECHO, 0, checksum, self.own_id, self.seq_number
)
packet = header + data
send_time = default_timer()
try:
current_socket.sendto(packet, (self.destination, 1)) # Port number is irrelevant for ICMP
except socket.error as e:
print("General failure (%s)" % (e.args[1]))
current_socket.close()
return
return send_time
def receive_one_ping(self, current_socket):
"""
Receive the ping from the socket. timeout = in ms
"""
timeout = self.timeout / 1000.0
while True: # Loop while waiting for packet or timeout
select_start = default_timer()
inputready, outputready, exceptready = select.select([current_socket], [], [], timeout)
select_duration = (default_timer() - select_start)
if inputready == []: # timeout
return None, 0, 0, 0, 0
receive_time = default_timer()
packet_data, address = current_socket.recvfrom(ICMP_MAX_RECV)
icmp_header = self.header2dict(
names=[
"type", "code", "checksum",
"packet_id", "seq_number"
],
struct_format="!BBHHH",
data=packet_data[20:28]
)
if icmp_header["packet_id"] == self.own_id: # Our packet
ip_header = self.header2dict(
names=[
"version", "type", "length",
"id", "flags", "ttl", "protocol",
"checksum", "src_ip", "dest_ip"
],
struct_format="!BBHHHBBHII",
data=packet_data[:20]
)
packet_size = len(packet_data) - 28
ip = socket.inet_ntoa(struct.pack("!I", ip_header["src_ip"]))
# XXX: Why not ip = address[0] ???
return receive_time, packet_size, ip, ip_header, icmp_header
timeout = timeout - select_duration
if timeout <= 0:
return None, 0, 0, 0, 0
def verbose_ping(hostname, timeout=1000, count=3, packet_size=55):
p = Ping(hostname, timeout, packet_size)
p.run(count)
if __name__ == '__main__':
# FIXME: Add a real CLI
if len(sys.argv) == 1:
print "DEMO"
# These should work:
verbose_ping("heise.de")
verbose_ping("google.com")
# Inconsistent on Windows w/ ActivePython (Python 3.2 resolves correctly
# to the local host, but 2.7 tries to resolve to the local *gateway*)
verbose_ping("localhost")
# Should fail with 'getaddrinfo print_failed':
verbose_ping("foobar_url.foobar")
# Should fail (timeout), but it depends on the local network:
verbose_ping("192.168.255.254")
# Should fails with 'The requested address is not valid in its context':
verbose_ping("0.0.0.0")
elif len(sys.argv) == 2:
verbose_ping(sys.argv[1])
else:
print "Error: call ./ping.py domain.tld"
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