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// Formatting library for C++ - legacy printf implementation
//
// Copyright (c) 2012 - 2016, Victor Zverovich
// All rights reserved.
//
// For the license information refer to format.h.
#ifndef FMT_PRINTF_H_
#define FMT_PRINTF_H_
#ifndef FMT_MODULE
# include <algorithm> // std::find
# include <limits> // std::numeric_limits
#endif
#include "format.h"
FMT_BEGIN_NAMESPACE
FMT_BEGIN_EXPORT
template <typename Char> class basic_printf_context {
private:
basic_appender<Char> out_;
basic_format_args<basic_printf_context> args_;
static_assert(std::is_same<Char, char>::value ||
std::is_same<Char, wchar_t>::value,
"Unsupported code unit type.");
public:
using char_type = Char;
enum { builtin_types = 1 };
/// Constructs a `printf_context` object. References to the arguments are
/// stored in the context object so make sure they have appropriate lifetimes.
basic_printf_context(basic_appender<Char> out,
basic_format_args<basic_printf_context> args)
: out_(out), args_(args) {}
auto out() -> basic_appender<Char> { return out_; }
void advance_to(basic_appender<Char>) {}
auto locale() -> locale_ref { return {}; }
auto arg(int id) const -> basic_format_arg<basic_printf_context> {
return args_.get(id);
}
};
namespace detail {
// Return the result via the out param to workaround gcc bug 77539.
template <bool IS_CONSTEXPR, typename T, typename Ptr = const T*>
FMT_CONSTEXPR auto find(Ptr first, Ptr last, T value, Ptr& out) -> bool {
for (out = first; out != last; ++out) {
if (*out == value) return true;
}
return false;
}
template <>
inline auto find<false, char>(const char* first, const char* last, char value,
const char*& out) -> bool {
out =
static_cast<const char*>(memchr(first, value, to_unsigned(last - first)));
return out != nullptr;
}
// Checks if a value fits in int - used to avoid warnings about comparing
// signed and unsigned integers.
template <bool IS_SIGNED> struct int_checker {
template <typename T> static auto fits_in_int(T value) -> bool {
return value <= to_unsigned(max_value<int>());
}
inline static auto fits_in_int(bool) -> bool { return true; }
};
template <> struct int_checker<true> {
template <typename T> static auto fits_in_int(T value) -> bool {
return value >= (std::numeric_limits<int>::min)() &&
value <= max_value<int>();
}
inline static auto fits_in_int(int) -> bool { return true; }
};
struct printf_precision_handler {
template <typename T, FMT_ENABLE_IF(std::is_integral<T>::value)>
auto operator()(T value) -> int {
if (!int_checker<std::numeric_limits<T>::is_signed>::fits_in_int(value))
report_error("number is too big");
return max_of(static_cast<int>(value), 0);
}
template <typename T, FMT_ENABLE_IF(!std::is_integral<T>::value)>
auto operator()(T) -> int {
report_error("precision is not integer");
return 0;
}
};
// An argument visitor that returns true iff arg is a zero integer.
struct is_zero_int {
template <typename T, FMT_ENABLE_IF(std::is_integral<T>::value)>
auto operator()(T value) -> bool {
return value == 0;
}
template <typename T, FMT_ENABLE_IF(!std::is_integral<T>::value)>
auto operator()(T) -> bool {
return false;
}
};
template <typename T> struct make_unsigned_or_bool : std::make_unsigned<T> {};
template <> struct make_unsigned_or_bool<bool> {
using type = bool;
};
template <typename T, typename Context> class arg_converter {
private:
using char_type = typename Context::char_type;
basic_format_arg<Context>& arg_;
char_type type_;
public:
arg_converter(basic_format_arg<Context>& arg, char_type type)
: arg_(arg), type_(type) {}
void operator()(bool value) {
if (type_ != 's') operator()<bool>(value);
}
template <typename U, FMT_ENABLE_IF(std::is_integral<U>::value)>
void operator()(U value) {
bool is_signed = type_ == 'd' || type_ == 'i';
using target_type = conditional_t<std::is_same<T, void>::value, U, T>;
if FMT_CONSTEXPR20 (sizeof(target_type) <= sizeof(int)) {
// Extra casts are used to silence warnings.
using unsigned_type = typename make_unsigned_or_bool<target_type>::type;
if (is_signed)
arg_ = static_cast<int>(static_cast<target_type>(value));
else
arg_ = static_cast<unsigned>(static_cast<unsigned_type>(value));
} else {
// glibc's printf doesn't sign extend arguments of smaller types:
// std::printf("%lld", -42); // prints "4294967254"
// but we don't have to do the same because it's a UB.
if (is_signed)
arg_ = static_cast<long long>(value);
else
arg_ = static_cast<typename make_unsigned_or_bool<U>::type>(value);
}
}
template <typename U, FMT_ENABLE_IF(!std::is_integral<U>::value)>
void operator()(U) {} // No conversion needed for non-integral types.
};
// Converts an integer argument to T for printf, if T is an integral type.
// If T is void, the argument is converted to corresponding signed or unsigned
// type depending on the type specifier: 'd' and 'i' - signed, other -
// unsigned).
template <typename T, typename Context, typename Char>
void convert_arg(basic_format_arg<Context>& arg, Char type) {
arg.visit(arg_converter<T, Context>(arg, type));
}
// Converts an integer argument to char for printf.
template <typename Context> class char_converter {
private:
basic_format_arg<Context>& arg_;
public:
explicit char_converter(basic_format_arg<Context>& arg) : arg_(arg) {}
template <typename T, FMT_ENABLE_IF(std::is_integral<T>::value)>
void operator()(T value) {
arg_ = static_cast<typename Context::char_type>(value);
}
template <typename T, FMT_ENABLE_IF(!std::is_integral<T>::value)>
void operator()(T) {} // No conversion needed for non-integral types.
};
// An argument visitor that return a pointer to a C string if argument is a
// string or null otherwise.
template <typename Char> struct get_cstring {
template <typename T> auto operator()(T) -> const Char* { return nullptr; }
auto operator()(const Char* s) -> const Char* { return s; }
};
// Checks if an argument is a valid printf width specifier and sets
// left alignment if it is negative.
class printf_width_handler {
private:
format_specs& specs_;
public:
inline explicit printf_width_handler(format_specs& specs) : specs_(specs) {}
template <typename T, FMT_ENABLE_IF(std::is_integral<T>::value)>
auto operator()(T value) -> unsigned {
auto width = static_cast<uint32_or_64_or_128_t<T>>(value);
if (detail::is_negative(value)) {
specs_.set_align(align::left);
width = 0 - width;
}
unsigned int_max = to_unsigned(max_value<int>());
if (width > int_max) report_error("number is too big");
return static_cast<unsigned>(width);
}
template <typename T, FMT_ENABLE_IF(!std::is_integral<T>::value)>
auto operator()(T) -> unsigned {
report_error("width is not integer");
return 0;
}
};
// Workaround for a bug with the XL compiler when initializing
// printf_arg_formatter's base class.
template <typename Char>
auto make_arg_formatter(basic_appender<Char> iter, format_specs& s)
-> arg_formatter<Char> {
return {iter, s, locale_ref()};
}
// The `printf` argument formatter.
template <typename Char>
class printf_arg_formatter : public arg_formatter<Char> {
private:
using base = arg_formatter<Char>;
using context_type = basic_printf_context<Char>;
context_type& context_;
void write_null_pointer(bool is_string = false) {
auto s = this->specs;
s.set_type(presentation_type::none);
write_bytes<Char>(this->out, is_string ? "(null)" : "(nil)", s);
}
template <typename T> void write(T value) {
detail::write<Char>(this->out, value, this->specs, this->locale);
}
public:
printf_arg_formatter(basic_appender<Char> iter, format_specs& s,
context_type& ctx)
: base(make_arg_formatter(iter, s)), context_(ctx) {}
void operator()(monostate value) { write(value); }
template <typename T, FMT_ENABLE_IF(detail::is_integral<T>::value)>
void operator()(T value) {
// MSVC2013 fails to compile separate overloads for bool and Char so use
// std::is_same instead.
if (!std::is_same<T, Char>::value) {
write(value);
return;
}
format_specs s = this->specs;
if (s.type() != presentation_type::none &&
s.type() != presentation_type::chr) {
return (*this)(static_cast<int>(value));
}
s.set_sign(sign::none);
s.clear_alt();
s.set_fill(' '); // Ignore '0' flag for char types.
// align::numeric needs to be overwritten here since the '0' flag is
// ignored for non-numeric types
if (s.align() == align::none || s.align() == align::numeric)
s.set_align(align::right);
detail::write<Char>(this->out, static_cast<Char>(value), s);
}
template <typename T, FMT_ENABLE_IF(std::is_floating_point<T>::value)>
void operator()(T value) {
write(value);
}
void operator()(const char* value) {
if (value)
write(value);
else
write_null_pointer(this->specs.type() != presentation_type::pointer);
}
void operator()(const wchar_t* value) {
if (value)
write(value);
else
write_null_pointer(this->specs.type() != presentation_type::pointer);
}
void operator()(basic_string_view<Char> value) { write(value); }
void operator()(const void* value) {
if (value)
write(value);
else
write_null_pointer();
}
void operator()(typename basic_format_arg<context_type>::handle handle) {
auto parse_ctx = parse_context<Char>({});
handle.format(parse_ctx, context_);
}
};
template <typename Char>
void parse_flags(format_specs& specs, const Char*& it, const Char* end) {
for (; it != end; ++it) {
switch (*it) {
case '-': specs.set_align(align::left); break;
case '+': specs.set_sign(sign::plus); break;
case '0': specs.set_fill('0'); break;
case ' ':
if (specs.sign() != sign::plus) specs.set_sign(sign::space);
break;
case '#': specs.set_alt(); break;
default: return;
}
}
}
template <typename Char, typename GetArg>
auto parse_header(const Char*& it, const Char* end, format_specs& specs,
GetArg get_arg) -> int {
int arg_index = -1;
if (it == end) return arg_index;
Char c = *it;
if (c >= '0' && c <= '9') {
// Parse an argument index (if followed by '$') or a width possibly
// preceded with '0' flag(s).
int value = parse_nonnegative_int(it, end, -1);
if (it != end && *it == '$') { // value is an argument index
++it;
arg_index = value != -1 ? value : max_value<int>();
} else {
if (c == '0') specs.set_fill('0');
if (value != 0) {
// Nonzero value means that we parsed width and don't need to
// parse it or flags again, so return now.
if (value == -1) report_error("number is too big");
specs.width = value;
return arg_index;
}
}
}
parse_flags(specs, it, end);
// Parse width.
if (it != end) {
if (*it >= '0' && *it <= '9') {
specs.width = parse_nonnegative_int(it, end, -1);
if (specs.width == -1) report_error("number is too big");
} else if (*it == '*') {
++it;
// Check for positional width argument like *1$
if (it != end && *it >= '0' && *it <= '9') {
int width_index = parse_nonnegative_int(it, end, -1);
if (it != end && *it == '$') {
++it;
specs.width = static_cast<int>(
get_arg(width_index).visit(detail::printf_width_handler(specs)));
} else {
// Invalid format, rewind and treat as non-positional
report_error("invalid format specifier");
}
} else {
specs.width = static_cast<int>(
get_arg(-1).visit(detail::printf_width_handler(specs)));
}
}
}
return arg_index;
}
inline auto parse_printf_presentation_type(char c, type t, bool& upper)
-> presentation_type {
using pt = presentation_type;
constexpr auto integral_set = sint_set | uint_set | bool_set | char_set;
switch (c) {
case 'd': return in(t, integral_set) ? pt::dec : pt::none;
case 'o': return in(t, integral_set) ? pt::oct : pt::none;
case 'X': upper = true; FMT_FALLTHROUGH;
case 'x': return in(t, integral_set) ? pt::hex : pt::none;
case 'E': upper = true; FMT_FALLTHROUGH;
case 'e': return in(t, float_set) ? pt::exp : pt::none;
case 'F': upper = true; FMT_FALLTHROUGH;
case 'f': return in(t, float_set) ? pt::fixed : pt::none;
case 'G': upper = true; FMT_FALLTHROUGH;
case 'g': return in(t, float_set) ? pt::general : pt::none;
case 'A': upper = true; FMT_FALLTHROUGH;
case 'a': return in(t, float_set) ? pt::hexfloat : pt::none;
case 'c': return in(t, integral_set) ? pt::chr : pt::none;
case 's': return in(t, string_set | cstring_set) ? pt::string : pt::none;
case 'p': return in(t, pointer_set | cstring_set) ? pt::pointer : pt::none;
default: return pt::none;
}
}
template <typename Char, typename Context>
void vprintf(buffer<Char>& buf, basic_string_view<Char> format,
basic_format_args<Context> args) {
using iterator = basic_appender<Char>;
auto out = iterator(buf);
auto context = basic_printf_context<Char>(out, args);
auto parse_ctx = parse_context<Char>(format);
// Returns the argument with specified index or, if arg_index is -1, the next
// argument.
auto get_arg = [&](int arg_index) {
if (arg_index < 0)
arg_index = parse_ctx.next_arg_id();
else
parse_ctx.check_arg_id(--arg_index);
auto arg = context.arg(arg_index);
if (!arg) report_error("argument not found");
return arg;
};
const Char* start = parse_ctx.begin();
const Char* end = parse_ctx.end();
auto it = start;
while (it != end) {
if (!find<false, Char>(it, end, '%', it)) {
it = end; // find leaves it == nullptr if it doesn't find '%'.
break;
}
Char c = *it++;
if (it != end && *it == c) {
write(out, basic_string_view<Char>(start, to_unsigned(it - start)));
start = ++it;
continue;
}
write(out, basic_string_view<Char>(start, to_unsigned(it - 1 - start)));
if (it == end) report_error("invalid format string");
auto specs = format_specs();
specs.set_align(align::right);
// Parse argument index, flags and width.
int arg_index = parse_header(it, end, specs, get_arg);
if (arg_index == 0) report_error("argument not found");
// Parse precision.
if (it != end && *it == '.') {
++it;
c = it != end ? *it : 0;
if ('0' <= c && c <= '9') {
specs.precision = parse_nonnegative_int(it, end, 0);
} else if (c == '*') {
++it;
// Check for positional precision argument like .*1$
if (it != end && *it >= '0' && *it <= '9') {
int precision_index = parse_nonnegative_int(it, end, -1);
if (it != end && *it == '$') {
++it;
specs.precision = static_cast<int>(
get_arg(precision_index).visit(printf_precision_handler()));
} else {
// Invalid format, rewind and treat as non-positional
report_error("invalid format specifier");
}
} else {
specs.precision =
static_cast<int>(get_arg(-1).visit(printf_precision_handler()));
}
} else {
specs.precision = 0;
}
}
auto arg = get_arg(arg_index);
// For d, i, o, u, x and X conversion specifiers, if a precision is
// specified, the '0' flag is ignored
if (specs.precision >= 0 && is_integral_type(arg.type())) {
// Ignore '0' for non-numeric types or if '-' present.
specs.set_fill(' ');
}
if (specs.precision >= 0 && arg.type() == type::cstring_type) {
auto str = arg.visit(get_cstring<Char>());
auto str_end = str + specs.precision;
auto nul = std::find(str, str_end, Char());
auto sv = basic_string_view<Char>(
str, to_unsigned(nul != str_end ? nul - str : specs.precision));
arg = sv;
}
if (specs.alt() && arg.visit(is_zero_int())) specs.clear_alt();
if (specs.fill_unit<Char>() == '0') {
if (is_arithmetic_type(arg.type()) && specs.align() != align::left) {
specs.set_align(align::numeric);
} else {
// Ignore '0' flag for non-numeric types or if '-' flag is also present.
specs.set_fill(' ');
}
}
// Parse length and convert the argument to the required type.
c = it != end ? *it++ : 0;
Char t = it != end ? *it : 0;
switch (c) {
case 'h':
if (t == 'h') {
++it;
t = it != end ? *it : 0;
convert_arg<signed char>(arg, t);
} else {
convert_arg<short>(arg, t);
}
break;
case 'l':
if (t == 'l') {
++it;
t = it != end ? *it : 0;
convert_arg<long long>(arg, t);
} else {
convert_arg<long>(arg, t);
}
break;
case 'j': convert_arg<intmax_t>(arg, t); break;
case 'z': convert_arg<size_t>(arg, t); break;
case 't': convert_arg<std::ptrdiff_t>(arg, t); break;
case 'L':
// printf produces garbage when 'L' is omitted for long double, no
// need to do the same.
break;
default: --it; convert_arg<void>(arg, c);
}
// Parse type.
if (it == end) report_error("invalid format string");
char type = static_cast<char>(*it++);
if (is_integral_type(arg.type())) {
// Normalize type.
switch (type) {
case 'i':
case 'u': type = 'd'; break;
case 'c':
arg.visit(char_converter<basic_printf_context<Char>>(arg));
break;
}
}
bool upper = false;
specs.set_type(parse_printf_presentation_type(type, arg.type(), upper));
if (specs.type() == presentation_type::none)
report_error("invalid format specifier");
if (upper) specs.set_upper();
start = it;
// Format argument.
arg.visit(printf_arg_formatter<Char>(out, specs, context));
}
write(out, basic_string_view<Char>(start, to_unsigned(it - start)));
}
} // namespace detail
using printf_context = basic_printf_context<char>;
using wprintf_context = basic_printf_context<wchar_t>;
using printf_args = basic_format_args<printf_context>;
using wprintf_args = basic_format_args<wprintf_context>;
/// Constructs an `format_arg_store` object that contains references to
/// arguments and can be implicitly converted to `printf_args`.
template <typename Char = char, typename... T>
inline auto make_printf_args(T&... args)
-> decltype(fmt::make_format_args<basic_printf_context<Char>>(args...)) {
return fmt::make_format_args<basic_printf_context<Char>>(args...);
}
template <typename Char> struct vprintf_args {
using type = basic_format_args<basic_printf_context<Char>>;
};
template <typename Char>
inline auto vsprintf(basic_string_view<Char> fmt,
typename vprintf_args<Char>::type args)
-> std::basic_string<Char> {
auto buf = basic_memory_buffer<Char>();
detail::vprintf(buf, fmt, args);
return {buf.data(), buf.size()};
}
/**
* Formats `args` according to specifications in `fmt` and returns the result
* as string.
*
* **Example**:
*
* std::string message = fmt::sprintf("The answer is %d", 42);
*/
template <typename... T>
inline auto sprintf(string_view fmt, const T&... args) -> std::string {
return vsprintf(fmt, make_printf_args(args...));
}
template <typename... T>
FMT_DEPRECATED auto sprintf(basic_string_view<wchar_t> fmt, const T&... args)
-> std::wstring {
return vsprintf(fmt, make_printf_args<wchar_t>(args...));
}
template <typename Char>
auto vfprintf(std::FILE* f, basic_string_view<Char> fmt,
typename vprintf_args<Char>::type args) -> int {
auto buf = basic_memory_buffer<Char>();
detail::vprintf(buf, fmt, args);
size_t size = buf.size();
return std::fwrite(buf.data(), sizeof(Char), size, f) < size
? -1
: static_cast<int>(size);
}
/**
* Formats `args` according to specifications in `fmt` and writes the output
* to `f`.
*
* **Example**:
*
* fmt::fprintf(stderr, "Don't %s!", "panic");
*/
template <typename... T>
inline auto fprintf(std::FILE* f, string_view fmt, const T&... args) -> int {
return vfprintf(f, fmt, make_printf_args(args...));
}
template <typename... T>
FMT_DEPRECATED auto fprintf(std::FILE* f, basic_string_view<wchar_t> fmt,
const T&... args) -> int {
return vfprintf(f, fmt, make_printf_args<wchar_t>(args...));
}
/**
* Formats `args` according to specifications in `fmt` and writes the output
* to `stdout`.
*
* **Example**:
*
* fmt::printf("Elapsed time: %.2f seconds", 1.23);
*/
template <typename... T>
inline auto printf(string_view fmt, const T&... args) -> int {
return vfprintf(stdout, fmt, make_printf_args(args...));
}
FMT_END_EXPORT
FMT_END_NAMESPACE
#endif // FMT_PRINTF_H_
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