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<!DOCTYPE HTML>
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<title>模板方法模式 · GitBook</title>
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<li class="header">Python 设计模式</li>
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Introduction
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创建型设计模式
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模板方法模式
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<a href="." >模板方法模式</a>
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<h1 id="python设计模式之模板方法模式"><a href="http://dongweiming.github.io/python-template.html"Permalink to python设计模式之模板方法模式"" target="_blank">python设计模式之模板方法模式</a></h1><h2 id="模板方法模式">模板方法模式</h2><p>不知道你有没有注意过，我们实现某个业务功能，在不同的对象会有不同的细节实现，
以前说过<a href="http://dongweiming.github.io/python-strategy.html" target="_blank">策略模式</a>,
策略模式是将逻辑封装在一个类(提到的文章中的Duck)中，然后使用委托的方式解决。 模板方法模式的角度是：把不变的框架抽象出来，定义好要传入的细节的接口.
各产品类的公共的行为 会被提出到公共父类，可变的都在这些产品子类中</p><h2 id="python的例子">python的例子</h2><pre><code>'''http://ginstrom.com/scribbles/2007/10/08/design-patterns-python-style/'''
# 整个例子我们要根据不同需求处理的内容
ingredients = "spam eggs apple"
line = '-' * 10
# 这是被模板方法调用的基础函数
def iter_elements(getter, action):
"""循环处理的骨架"""
# getter是要迭代的数据，action是要执行的函数
for element in getter():
action(element)
print(line)
def rev_elements(getter, action):
"""反向的"""
for element in getter()[::-1]:
action(element)
print(line)
# 数据经过函数处理就是我们最后传给模板的内容
def get_list():
return ingredients.split()
# 同上
def get_lists():
return [list(x) for x in ingredients.split()]
# 对数据的操作
def print_item(item):
print(item)
#反向处理数据
def reverse_item(item):
print(item[::-1])
# 模板函数
def make_template(skeleton, getter, action):
# 它抽象的传入了 骨架，数据，和子类的操作函数
def template():
skeleton(getter, action)
return template
# 列表解析，数据就是前面的2种骨架(定义怎么样迭代)，2个分割数据的函数，正反向打印数据的组合
templates = [make_template(s, g, a)
for g in (get_list, get_lists)
for a in (print_item, reverse_item)
for s in (iter_elements, rev_elements)]
# 执行
for template in templates:
template()</code></pre>
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