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<!DOCTYPE HTML>
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<title>状态模式 · GitBook</title>
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<li class="header">Python 设计模式</li>
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Introduction
</a>
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<span>
创建型设计模式
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抽象工厂模式
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Borg 模式
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Builder 模式
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状态模式
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策略模式
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其他
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Null 模式
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<a href="." >状态模式</a>
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<h1 id="python设计模式之状态模式"><a title="Permalinkto python设计模式之状态模式" href="http://dongweiming.github.io/python-state.html" target="_blank">python设计模式之状态模式</a></h1><h2 id="state模式">State模式</h2><p>状态模式是一种常用的模式，和名字一样，可以在调用时修改其内部属性，看起来就像改变了类的状态</p><h2 id="python的例子">python的例子</h2><pre><code>class NetworkCardState:
"""基类"""
def send(self):
raise NotImplementedError
def receive(self):
raise NotImplementedError
class Online(NetworkCardState):
"""在线"""
def send(self):
print "sending Data"
def receive(self):
print "receiving Data"
class Offline(NetworkCardState):
"""离线"""
def send(self):
print "cannot send...Offline"
def receive(self):
print "cannot receive...Offline"
class NetworkCard:
def __init__(self):
self.online = Online()
self.offline = Offline()
# 修改内部属性currentState，默认是离线，直接传入类
self.currentState = self.offline
def startConnection(self):
# 修改状态成在线
self.currentState = self.online
def stopConnection(self):
self.currentState = self.offline
def send(self):
# 去掉用这个可变的属性的方法，达到看起来是操作了类的属性的改变
self.currentState.send()
def receive(self):
self.currentState.receive()
def main():
myNetworkCard = NetworkCard()
print "without connection:"
myNetworkCard.send()
myNetworkCard.receive()
print "starting connection"
myNetworkCard.startConnection()
myNetworkCard.send()
myNetworkCard.receive()
if __name__ == '__main__':
main()</code></pre>
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