@@ -815,6 +815,21 @@ void Http2Session::Close(uint32_t code, bool socket_closed) {
     return;
   set_closing();
 
+  // Do not flush GOAWAY from inside nghttp2_session_mem_recv() callbacks.
+  // ConsumeHTTP2Data() finishes the close once mem_recv returns.
+  if (is_receiving()) {
+    set_close_pending();
+    pending_close_code_ = code;
+    pending_close_socket_closed_ = socket_closed;
+    return;
+  }
+
+  FinishClose(code, socket_closed);
+}
+
+void Http2Session::FinishClose(uint32_t code, bool socket_closed) {
+  CHECK(is_closing());
+
   // Stop reading on the i/o stream
   if (stream_ != nullptr) {
     set_reading_stopped();
@@ -864,6 +879,12 @@ void Http2Session::Close(uint32_t code, bool socket_closed) {
   EmitStatistics();
 }
 
+void Http2Session::MaybeFinishPendingClose() {
+  if (!is_close_pending() || is_destroyed()) return;
+  set_close_pending(false);
+  FinishClose(pending_close_code_, pending_close_socket_closed_);
+}
+
 // Locates an existing known stream by ID. nghttp2 has a similar method
 // but this is faster and does not fail if the stream is not found.
 BaseObjectPtr<Http2Stream> Http2Session::FindStream(int32_t id) {
@@ -958,11 +979,13 @@ void Http2Session::ConsumeHTTP2Data() {
         nghttp2_session_want_read(session_.get()));
   set_receive_paused(false);
   custom_recv_error_code_ = nullptr;
+  set_receiving();
   ssize_t ret =
     nghttp2_session_mem_recv(session_.get(),
                              reinterpret_cast<uint8_t*>(stream_buf_.base) +
                                  stream_buf_offset_,
                              read_len);
+  set_receiving(false);
   CHECK_NE(ret, NGHTTP2_ERR_NOMEM);
   CHECK_IMPLIES(custom_recv_error_code_ != nullptr, ret < 0);
 
@@ -976,6 +999,10 @@ void Http2Session::ConsumeHTTP2Data() {
     // Even if all bytes were received, a paused stream may delay the
     // nghttp2_on_frame_recv_callback which may have an END_STREAM flag.
     stream_buf_offset_ += ret;
+    // Still complete a Close() deferred during mem_recv; do not fall through
+    // to SendPendingData() here (paused receives historically skip that flush
+    // because a write may already be in progress).
+    MaybeFinishPendingClose();
     goto done;
   }
 
@@ -986,12 +1013,23 @@ void Http2Session::ConsumeHTTP2Data() {
   stream_buf_allocation_.reset();
   stream_buf_ = uv_buf_init(nullptr, 0);
 
+  // Finish a Close() deferred during mem_recv before flushing, so GOAWAY is
+  // not written after pending RST_STREAM frames.
+  MaybeFinishPendingClose();
+
+done:
+  // Finish a Close() deferred above before flushing, so GOAWAY is not written
+  // after pending RST_STREAM frames.
+  if (is_close_pending() && !is_destroyed()) {
+    set_close_pending(false);
+    FinishClose(pending_close_code_, pending_close_socket_closed_);
+  }
+
   // Send any data that was queued up while processing the received data.
   if (ret >= 0 && !is_destroyed()) {
     SendPendingData();
   }
 
-done:
   if (ret < 0) [[unlikely]] {
     Isolate* isolate = env()->isolate();
     Debug(this,
@@ -1418,6 +1456,9 @@ int Http2Session::OnDataChunkReceived(nghttp2_session* handle,
     len -= avail;
     stream->EmitRead(avail, buf);
 
+    // JS may have destroyed the stream from inside onread; stop delivering.
+    if (stream->is_destroyed()) break;
+
     // If the stream owner (e.g. the JS Http2Stream) wants more data, just
     // tell nghttp2 that all data has been consumed. Otherwise, defer until
     // more data is being requested.
@@ -1975,6 +2016,12 @@ uint8_t Http2Session::SendPendingData() {
   // SendPendingData should not be called recursively.
   if (is_sending())
     return 1;
+
+  // Do not call `nghttp2_session_mem_send()` while nghttp2 is processing
+  // incoming data. Sending may close the stream and free nghttp2 state
+  // that is still in use by `nghttp2_session_mem_recv()`.
+  if (is_receiving()) return 1;
+
   // This is cleared by ClearOutgoing().
   set_sending();
 
@@ -2387,10 +2434,48 @@ void Http2Stream::Destroy() {
   // Do nothing if this stream instance is already destroyed
   if (is_destroyed())
     return;
-  if (session_->has_pending_rststream(id_))
-    FlushRstStream();
+
+  // Session may already be gone if destroy was deferred across a session
+  // teardown.
+  if (!session_) {
+    set_destroyed();
+    Detach();
+    return;
+  }
+
+  // Mark destroyed immediately so OnDataChunkReceived stops EmitRead into an
+  // already-destroyed JS stream (which would treat the byte count as errno).
   set_destroyed();
 
+  // While mem_recv is active, do not FlushRstStream or RemoveStream yet:
+  // - FlushRstStream would close the nghttp2 stream before queued response
+  //   DATA can be mem_send'd after receive returns.
+  // - RemoveStream would make OnSendData/Provider::OnRead fail to FindStream.
+  // Pending RSTs stay in pending_rst_streams_ and are flushed from
+  // ClearOutgoing after the post-receive SendPendingData.
+  if (session_->is_receiving()) {
+    BaseObjectPtr<Http2Stream> strong_ref{this};
+    env()->SetImmediate(
+        [this, strong_ref](Environment*) { CompleteDestroyCleanup(); });
+    return;
+  }
+
+  if (session_->has_pending_rststream(id_)) FlushRstStream();
+
+  CompleteDestroyCleanup();
+}
+
+void Http2Stream::CompleteDestroyCleanup() {
+  if (!session_) {
+    Detach();
+    return;
+  }
+
+  // Destroy() always set_destroyed() before scheduling or calling this.
+  CHECK(is_destroyed());
+
+  if (session_->has_pending_rststream(id_)) FlushRstStream();
+
   Debug(this, "destroying stream");
 
   // Wait until the start of the next loop to delete because there
@@ -2427,7 +2512,6 @@ void Http2Stream::Destroy() {
   EmitStatistics();
 }
 
-
 // Initiates a response on the Http2Stream using data provided via the
 // StreamBase Streams API.
 int Http2Stream::SubmitResponse(const Http2Headers& headers, int options) {
@@ -2559,6 +2643,18 @@ void Http2Stream::SubmitRstStream(const uint32_t code) {
     return code == NGHTTP2_CANCEL;
   };
 
+  // Do not call `nghttp2_session_mem_send()` while nghttp2 is processing
+  // incoming data. Sending may close the stream and free nghttp2 state
+  // that is still in use by `nghttp2_session_mem_recv()`.
+  if (session_->is_receiving() && available_outbound_length_ == 0) {
+    if (is_stream_cancel(code)) {
+      session_->AddPendingRstStream(id_);
+      return;
+    }
+    FlushRstStream();
+    return;
+  }
+
   // If RST_STREAM frame is received with error code NGHTTP2_CANCEL,
   // add it to the pending list and don't force purge the data. It is
   // to avoids the double free error due to unwanted behavior of nghttp2.
@@ -2586,8 +2682,8 @@ void Http2Stream::SubmitRstStream(const uint32_t code) {
 }
 
 void Http2Stream::FlushRstStream() {
-  if (is_destroyed())
-    return;
+  if (!session_) return;
+  session_->RemovePendingRstStream(id_);
   Http2Scope h2scope(this);
   CHECK_EQ(nghttp2_submit_rst_stream(
       session_->session(),
 
@@ -82,6 +82,8 @@ constexpr int kSessionStateSending = 0x10;
 constexpr int kSessionStateWriteInProgress = 0x20;
 constexpr int kSessionStateReadingStopped = 0x40;
 constexpr int kSessionStateReceivePaused = 0x80;
+constexpr int kSessionStateReceiving = 0x100;
+constexpr int kSessionStateClosePending = 0x200;
 
 // The Padding Strategy determines the method by which extra padding is
 // selected for HEADERS and DATA frames. These are configurable via the
@@ -339,6 +341,10 @@ class Http2Stream : public AsyncWrap,
   // Destroy this stream instance and free all held memory.
   void Destroy();
 
+  // Completes Destroy() after set_destroyed(); may run deferred until after
+  // nghttp2_session_mem_recv() returns.
+  void CompleteDestroyCleanup();
+
   bool is_destroyed() const {
     return flags_ & kStreamStateDestroyed;
   }
@@ -689,6 +695,8 @@ class Http2Session : public AsyncWrap,
   IS_FLAG(write_in_progress, kSessionStateWriteInProgress)
   IS_FLAG(reading_stopped, kSessionStateReadingStopped)
   IS_FLAG(receive_paused, kSessionStateReceivePaused)
+  IS_FLAG(receiving, kSessionStateReceiving)
+  IS_FLAG(close_pending, kSessionStateClosePending)
 
 #undef IS_FLAG
 
@@ -732,6 +740,10 @@ class Http2Session : public AsyncWrap,
            std::ranges::find(pending_rst_streams_, stream_id);
   }
 
+  void RemovePendingRstStream(int32_t stream_id) {
+    std::erase(pending_rst_streams_, stream_id);
+  }
+
   // Handle reads/writes from the underlying network transport.
   uv_buf_t OnStreamAlloc(size_t suggested_size) override;
   void OnStreamRead(ssize_t nread, const uv_buf_t& buf) override;
@@ -981,6 +993,10 @@ class Http2Session : public AsyncWrap,
   std::vector<uint8_t> outgoing_storage_;
   size_t outgoing_length_ = 0;
   std::vector<int32_t> pending_rst_streams_;
+  // Saved arguments for Close() deferred while nghttp2_session_mem_recv()
+  // callbacks are active.
+  uint32_t pending_close_code_ = NGHTTP2_NO_ERROR;
+  bool pending_close_socket_closed_ = false;
   // Count streams that have been rejected while being opened. Exceeding a fixed
   // limit will result in the session being destroyed, as an indication of a
   // misbehaving peer. This counter is reset once new streams are being
@@ -995,6 +1011,8 @@ class Http2Session : public AsyncWrap,
 
   void CopyDataIntoOutgoing(const uint8_t* src, size_t src_length);
   void ClearOutgoing(int status);
+  void FinishClose(uint32_t code, bool socket_closed);
+  void MaybeFinishPendingClose();
 
   void MaybeNotifyGracefulCloseComplete();