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<div class="sphx-glr-download-link-note admonition note">
<p class="admonition-title">Note</p>
<p>Click <a class="reference internal" href="#sphx-glr-download-tutorials-text-annotations-py"><span class="std std-ref">here</span></a>
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<section class="sphx-glr-example-title" id="annotations">
<span id="sphx-glr-tutorials-text-annotations-py"></span><h1><a class="toc-backref" href="#id1" role="doc-backlink">Annotations</a><a class="headerlink" href="#annotations" title="Permalink to this heading">#</a></h1>
<p>Annotations are graphical elements, often pieces of text, that explain, add
context to, or otherwise highlight some portion of the visualized data.
<a class="reference internal" href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.axes.Axes.annotate.html#matplotlib.axes.Axes.annotate" title="matplotlib.axes.Axes.annotate"><code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">annotate</span></code></a> supports a number of coordinate systems for flexibly
positioning data and annotations relative to each other and a variety of
options of for styling the text. Axes.annotate also provides an optional arrow
from the text to the data and this arrow can be styled in various ways.
<a class="reference internal" href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.axes.Axes.text.html#matplotlib.axes.Axes.text" title="matplotlib.axes.Axes.text"><code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">text</span></code></a> can also be used for simple text annotation, but does not
provide as much flexibility in positioning and styling as <a class="reference internal" href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.axes.Axes.annotate.html#matplotlib.axes.Axes.annotate" title="matplotlib.axes.Axes.annotate"><code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">annotate</span></code></a>.</p>
<nav class="contents" id="table-of-contents">
<p class="topic-title">Table of Contents</p>
<ul class="simple">
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="#annotations" id="id1">Annotations</a></p>
<ul>
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="#basic-annotation" id="id2">Basic annotation</a></p>
<ul>
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="#annotating-data" id="id3">Annotating data</a></p></li>
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="#annotating-with-arrows" id="id4">Annotating with arrows</a></p></li>
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="#placing-text-annotations-relative-to-data" id="id5">Placing text annotations relative to data</a></p></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="#advanced-annotation" id="id6">Advanced annotation</a></p>
<ul>
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="#annotating-with-boxed-text" id="id7">Annotating with boxed text</a></p></li>
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="#defining-custom-box-styles" id="id8">Defining custom box styles</a></p></li>
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="#customizing-annotation-arrows" id="id9">Customizing annotation arrows</a></p></li>
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="#placing-artist-at-anchored-axes-locations" id="id10">Placing Artist at anchored Axes locations</a></p></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="#coordinate-systems-for-annotations" id="id11">Coordinate systems for annotations</a></p>
<ul>
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="#using-connectionpatch" id="id12">Using ConnectionPatch</a></p></li>
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="#zoom-effect-between-axes" id="id13">Zoom effect between Axes</a></p></li>
</ul>
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<section id="basic-annotation">
<span id="annotations-tutorial"></span><h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id2" role="doc-backlink">Basic annotation</a><a class="headerlink" href="#basic-annotation" title="Permalink to this heading">#</a></h2>
<p>In an annotation, there are two points to consider: the location of the data
being annotated <em>xy</em> and the location of the annotation text <em>xytext</em>. Both
of these arguments are <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">(x,</span> <span class="pre">y)</span></code> tuples:</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="kn">import</span> <span class="nn">numpy</span> <span class="k">as</span> <span class="nn">np</span>
<span class="kn">import</span> <span class="nn">matplotlib.pyplot</span> <span class="k">as</span> <span class="nn">plt</span>
<a href="../../api/figure_api.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure" title="matplotlib.figure.Figure" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-figure sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">fig</span></a><span class="p">,</span> <a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.axes.Axes.html#matplotlib.axes.Axes" title="matplotlib.axes.Axes" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-axes sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">ax</span></a> <span class="o">=</span> <a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.pyplot.subplots.html#matplotlib.pyplot.subplots" title="matplotlib.pyplot.subplots" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-pyplot sphx-glr-backref-type-py-function"><span class="n">plt</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">subplots</span></a><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">figsize</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">))</span>
<a href="../../api/text_api.html#matplotlib.text.Text" title="matplotlib.text.Text" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-text sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">t</span></a> <span class="o">=</span> <a href="https://numpy.org/doc/stable/reference/generated/numpy.arange.html#numpy.arange" title="numpy.arange" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-numpy sphx-glr-backref-type-py-function"><span class="n">np</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">arange</span></a><span class="p">(</span><span class="mf">0.0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mf">5.0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mf">0.01</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a href="https://numpy.org/doc/stable/reference/generated/numpy.ndarray.html#numpy.ndarray" title="numpy.ndarray" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-numpy sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">s</span></a> <span class="o">=</span> <a href="https://numpy.org/doc/stable/reference/generated/numpy.ufunc.html#numpy.ufunc" title="numpy.ufunc" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-numpy sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">np</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">cos</span></a><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="o">*</span><a href="https://docs.python.org/3/library/functions.html#float" title="builtins.float" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-builtins sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">np</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">pi</span></a><span class="o">*</span><a href="../../api/text_api.html#matplotlib.text.Text" title="matplotlib.text.Text" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-text sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">t</span></a><span class="p">)</span>
<a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.lines.Line2D.html#matplotlib.lines.Line2D" title="matplotlib.lines.Line2D" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-lines sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">line</span></a><span class="p">,</span> <span class="o">=</span> <a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.axes.Axes.plot.html#matplotlib.axes.Axes.plot" title="matplotlib.axes.Axes.plot" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-axes sphx-glr-backref-type-py-method"><span class="n">ax</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">plot</span></a><span class="p">(</span><a href="../../api/text_api.html#matplotlib.text.Text" title="matplotlib.text.Text" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-text sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">t</span></a><span class="p">,</span> <a href="https://numpy.org/doc/stable/reference/generated/numpy.ndarray.html#numpy.ndarray" title="numpy.ndarray" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-numpy sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">s</span></a><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">lw</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.axes.Axes.annotate.html#matplotlib.axes.Axes.annotate" title="matplotlib.axes.Axes.annotate" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-axes sphx-glr-backref-type-py-method"><span class="n">ax</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">annotate</span></a><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'local max'</span><span class="p">,</span> <a href="https://docs.python.org/3/library/stdtypes.html#tuple" title="builtins.tuple" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-builtins sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">xy</span></a><span class="o">=</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">),</span> <span class="n">xytext</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mf">1.5</span><span class="p">),</span>
<span class="n">arrowprops</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="nb">dict</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">facecolor</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s1">'black'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">shrink</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mf">0.05</span><span class="p">))</span>
<a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.axes.Axes.set_ylim.html#matplotlib.axes.Axes.set_ylim" title="matplotlib.axes.Axes.set_ylim" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-axes sphx-glr-backref-type-py-method"><span class="n">ax</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">set_ylim</span></a><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<img src="../../_images/sphx_glr_annotations_001.png" srcset="../../_images/sphx_glr_annotations_001.png, ../../_images/sphx_glr_annotations_001_2_0x.png 2.0x" alt="annotations" class = "sphx-glr-single-img"/><p>In this example, both the <em>xy</em> (arrow tip) and <em>xytext</em> locations
(text location) are in data coordinates. There are a variety of other
coordinate systems one can choose -- you can specify the coordinate
system of <em>xy</em> and <em>xytext</em> with one of the following strings for
<em>xycoords</em> and <em>textcoords</em> (default is 'data')</p>
<table class="table">
<thead>
<tr class="row-odd"><th class="head"><p>argument</p></th>
<th class="head"><p>coordinate system</p></th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr class="row-even"><td><p>'figure points'</p></td>
<td><p>points from the lower left corner of the figure</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><p>'figure pixels'</p></td>
<td><p>pixels from the lower left corner of the figure</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><p>'figure fraction'</p></td>
<td><p>(0, 0) is lower left of figure and (1, 1) is upper right</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><p>'axes points'</p></td>
<td><p>points from lower left corner of axes</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><p>'axes pixels'</p></td>
<td><p>pixels from lower left corner of axes</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><p>'axes fraction'</p></td>
<td><p>(0, 0) is lower left of axes and (1, 1) is upper right</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><p>'data'</p></td>
<td><p>use the axes data coordinate system</p></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>The following strings are also valid arguments for <em>textcoords</em></p>
<table class="table">
<thead>
<tr class="row-odd"><th class="head"><p>argument</p></th>
<th class="head"><p>coordinate system</p></th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr class="row-even"><td><p>'offset points'</p></td>
<td><p>offset (in points) from the xy value</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><p>'offset pixels'</p></td>
<td><p>offset (in pixels) from the xy value</p></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>For physical coordinate systems (points or pixels) the origin is the
bottom-left of the figure or axes. Points are
<a class="reference external" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Point_(typography)">typographic points</a>
meaning that they are a physical unit measuring 1/72 of an inch. Points and
pixels are discussed in further detail in <a class="reference internal" href="../advanced/transforms_tutorial.html#transforms-fig-scale-dpi"><span class="std std-ref">Plotting in physical coordinates</span></a>.</p>
<section id="annotating-data">
<span id="annotation-data"></span><h3><a class="toc-backref" href="#id3" role="doc-backlink">Annotating data</a><a class="headerlink" href="#annotating-data" title="Permalink to this heading">#</a></h3>
<p>This example places the text coordinates in fractional axes coordinates:</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><a href="../../api/figure_api.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure" title="matplotlib.figure.Figure" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-figure sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">fig</span></a><span class="p">,</span> <a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.axes.Axes.html#matplotlib.axes.Axes" title="matplotlib.axes.Axes" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-axes sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">ax</span></a> <span class="o">=</span> <a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.pyplot.subplots.html#matplotlib.pyplot.subplots" title="matplotlib.pyplot.subplots" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-pyplot sphx-glr-backref-type-py-function"><span class="n">plt</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">subplots</span></a><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">figsize</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">))</span>
<a href="../../api/text_api.html#matplotlib.text.Text" title="matplotlib.text.Text" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-text sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">t</span></a> <span class="o">=</span> <a href="https://numpy.org/doc/stable/reference/generated/numpy.arange.html#numpy.arange" title="numpy.arange" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-numpy sphx-glr-backref-type-py-function"><span class="n">np</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">arange</span></a><span class="p">(</span><span class="mf">0.0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mf">5.0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mf">0.01</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a href="https://numpy.org/doc/stable/reference/generated/numpy.ndarray.html#numpy.ndarray" title="numpy.ndarray" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-numpy sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">s</span></a> <span class="o">=</span> <a href="https://numpy.org/doc/stable/reference/generated/numpy.ufunc.html#numpy.ufunc" title="numpy.ufunc" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-numpy sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">np</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">cos</span></a><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="o">*</span><a href="https://docs.python.org/3/library/functions.html#float" title="builtins.float" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-builtins sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">np</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">pi</span></a><span class="o">*</span><a href="../../api/text_api.html#matplotlib.text.Text" title="matplotlib.text.Text" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-text sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">t</span></a><span class="p">)</span>
<a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.lines.Line2D.html#matplotlib.lines.Line2D" title="matplotlib.lines.Line2D" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-lines sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">line</span></a><span class="p">,</span> <span class="o">=</span> <a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.axes.Axes.plot.html#matplotlib.axes.Axes.plot" title="matplotlib.axes.Axes.plot" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-axes sphx-glr-backref-type-py-method"><span class="n">ax</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">plot</span></a><span class="p">(</span><a href="../../api/text_api.html#matplotlib.text.Text" title="matplotlib.text.Text" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-text sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">t</span></a><span class="p">,</span> <a href="https://numpy.org/doc/stable/reference/generated/numpy.ndarray.html#numpy.ndarray" title="numpy.ndarray" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-numpy sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">s</span></a><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">lw</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.axes.Axes.annotate.html#matplotlib.axes.Axes.annotate" title="matplotlib.axes.Axes.annotate" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-axes sphx-glr-backref-type-py-method"><span class="n">ax</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">annotate</span></a><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'local max'</span><span class="p">,</span> <a href="https://docs.python.org/3/library/stdtypes.html#tuple" title="builtins.tuple" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-builtins sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">xy</span></a><span class="o">=</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">),</span> <span class="n">xycoords</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s1">'data'</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="n">xytext</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mf">0.01</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mf">.99</span><span class="p">),</span> <span class="n">textcoords</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s1">'axes fraction'</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="n">va</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s1">'top'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">ha</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s1">'left'</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="n">arrowprops</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="nb">dict</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">facecolor</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s1">'black'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">shrink</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mf">0.05</span><span class="p">))</span>
<a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.axes.Axes.set_ylim.html#matplotlib.axes.Axes.set_ylim" title="matplotlib.axes.Axes.set_ylim" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-axes sphx-glr-backref-type-py-method"><span class="n">ax</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">set_ylim</span></a><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<img src="../../_images/sphx_glr_annotations_002.png" srcset="../../_images/sphx_glr_annotations_002.png, ../../_images/sphx_glr_annotations_002_2_0x.png 2.0x" alt="annotations" class = "sphx-glr-single-img"/></section>
<section id="annotating-with-arrows">
<span id="annotation-with-arrow"></span><h3><a class="toc-backref" href="#id4" role="doc-backlink">Annotating with arrows</a><a class="headerlink" href="#annotating-with-arrows" title="Permalink to this heading">#</a></h3>
<p>You can enable drawing of an arrow from the text to the annotated point
by giving a dictionary of arrow properties in the optional keyword
argument <em>arrowprops</em>.</p>
<table class="table">
<thead>
<tr class="row-odd"><th class="head"><p><em>arrowprops</em> key</p></th>
<th class="head"><p>description</p></th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr class="row-even"><td><p>width</p></td>
<td><p>the width of the arrow in points</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><p>frac</p></td>
<td><p>the fraction of the arrow length occupied by the head</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><p>headwidth</p></td>
<td><p>the width of the base of the arrow head in points</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><p>shrink</p></td>
<td><p>move the tip and base some percent away from
the annotated point and text</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><p>**kwargs</p></td>
<td><p>any key for <a class="reference internal" href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.patches.Polygon.html#matplotlib.patches.Polygon" title="matplotlib.patches.Polygon"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">matplotlib.patches.Polygon</span></code></a>,
e.g., <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">facecolor</span></code></p></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>In the example below, the <em>xy</em> point is in the data coordinate system
since <em>xycoords</em> defaults to 'data'. For a polar axes, this is in
(theta, radius) space. The text in this example is placed in the
fractional figure coordinate system. <a class="reference internal" href="../../api/text_api.html#matplotlib.text.Text" title="matplotlib.text.Text"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">matplotlib.text.Text</span></code></a>
keyword arguments like <em>horizontalalignment</em>, <em>verticalalignment</em> and
<em>fontsize</em> are passed from <a class="reference internal" href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.axes.Axes.annotate.html#matplotlib.axes.Axes.annotate" title="matplotlib.axes.Axes.annotate"><code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">annotate</span></code></a> to the
<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Text</span></code> instance.</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><a href="../../api/figure_api.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure" title="matplotlib.figure.Figure" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-figure sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">fig</span></a> <span class="o">=</span> <a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.pyplot.figure.html#matplotlib.pyplot.figure" title="matplotlib.pyplot.figure" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-pyplot sphx-glr-backref-type-py-function"><span class="n">plt</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">figure</span></a><span class="p">()</span>
<a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.axes.Axes.html#matplotlib.axes.Axes" title="matplotlib.axes.Axes" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-axes sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">ax</span></a> <span class="o">=</span> <a href="../../api/figure_api.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure.add_subplot" title="matplotlib.figure.Figure.add_subplot" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-figure sphx-glr-backref-type-py-method"><span class="n">fig</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">add_subplot</span></a><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">projection</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s1">'polar'</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a href="https://numpy.org/doc/stable/reference/generated/numpy.ndarray.html#numpy.ndarray" title="numpy.ndarray" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-numpy sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">r</span></a> <span class="o">=</span> <a href="https://numpy.org/doc/stable/reference/generated/numpy.arange.html#numpy.arange" title="numpy.arange" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-numpy sphx-glr-backref-type-py-function"><span class="n">np</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">arange</span></a><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mf">0.001</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a href="https://numpy.org/doc/stable/reference/generated/numpy.ndarray.html#numpy.ndarray" title="numpy.ndarray" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-numpy sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">theta</span></a> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">2</span> <span class="o">*</span> <span class="mi">2</span><span class="o">*</span><a href="https://docs.python.org/3/library/functions.html#float" title="builtins.float" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-builtins sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">np</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">pi</span></a> <span class="o">*</span> <a href="https://numpy.org/doc/stable/reference/generated/numpy.ndarray.html#numpy.ndarray" title="numpy.ndarray" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-numpy sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">r</span></a>
<a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.lines.Line2D.html#matplotlib.lines.Line2D" title="matplotlib.lines.Line2D" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-lines sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">line</span></a><span class="p">,</span> <span class="o">=</span> <a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.axes.Axes.plot.html#matplotlib.axes.Axes.plot" title="matplotlib.axes.Axes.plot" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-axes sphx-glr-backref-type-py-method"><span class="n">ax</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">plot</span></a><span class="p">(</span><a href="https://numpy.org/doc/stable/reference/generated/numpy.ndarray.html#numpy.ndarray" title="numpy.ndarray" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-numpy sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">theta</span></a><span class="p">,</span> <a href="https://numpy.org/doc/stable/reference/generated/numpy.ndarray.html#numpy.ndarray" title="numpy.ndarray" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-numpy sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">r</span></a><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">color</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s1">'#ee8d18'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">lw</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a href="https://docs.python.org/3/library/functions.html#int" title="builtins.int" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-builtins sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">ind</span></a> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">800</span>
<a href="https://numpy.org/doc/stable/reference/arrays.scalars.html#numpy.float64" title="numpy.float64" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-numpy sphx-glr-backref-type-py-attribute"><span class="n">thisr</span></a><span class="p">,</span> <a href="https://numpy.org/doc/stable/reference/arrays.scalars.html#numpy.float64" title="numpy.float64" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-numpy sphx-glr-backref-type-py-attribute"><span class="n">thistheta</span></a> <span class="o">=</span> <a href="https://numpy.org/doc/stable/reference/generated/numpy.ndarray.html#numpy.ndarray" title="numpy.ndarray" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-numpy sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">r</span></a><span class="p">[</span><a href="https://docs.python.org/3/library/functions.html#int" title="builtins.int" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-builtins sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">ind</span></a><span class="p">],</span> <a href="https://numpy.org/doc/stable/reference/generated/numpy.ndarray.html#numpy.ndarray" title="numpy.ndarray" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-numpy sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">theta</span></a><span class="p">[</span><a href="https://docs.python.org/3/library/functions.html#int" title="builtins.int" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-builtins sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">ind</span></a><span class="p">]</span>
<a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.axes.Axes.plot.html#matplotlib.axes.Axes.plot" title="matplotlib.axes.Axes.plot" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-axes sphx-glr-backref-type-py-method"><span class="n">ax</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">plot</span></a><span class="p">([</span><a href="https://numpy.org/doc/stable/reference/arrays.scalars.html#numpy.float64" title="numpy.float64" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-numpy sphx-glr-backref-type-py-attribute"><span class="n">thistheta</span></a><span class="p">],</span> <span class="p">[</span><a href="https://numpy.org/doc/stable/reference/arrays.scalars.html#numpy.float64" title="numpy.float64" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-numpy sphx-glr-backref-type-py-attribute"><span class="n">thisr</span></a><span class="p">],</span> <span class="s1">'o'</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.axes.Axes.annotate.html#matplotlib.axes.Axes.annotate" title="matplotlib.axes.Axes.annotate" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-axes sphx-glr-backref-type-py-method"><span class="n">ax</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">annotate</span></a><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'a polar annotation'</span><span class="p">,</span>
<a href="https://docs.python.org/3/library/stdtypes.html#tuple" title="builtins.tuple" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-builtins sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">xy</span></a><span class="o">=</span><span class="p">(</span><a href="https://numpy.org/doc/stable/reference/arrays.scalars.html#numpy.float64" title="numpy.float64" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-numpy sphx-glr-backref-type-py-attribute"><span class="n">thistheta</span></a><span class="p">,</span> <a href="https://numpy.org/doc/stable/reference/arrays.scalars.html#numpy.float64" title="numpy.float64" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-numpy sphx-glr-backref-type-py-attribute"><span class="n">thisr</span></a><span class="p">),</span> <span class="c1"># theta, radius</span>
<span class="n">xytext</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mf">0.05</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mf">0.05</span><span class="p">),</span> <span class="c1"># fraction, fraction</span>
<span class="n">textcoords</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s1">'figure fraction'</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="n">arrowprops</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="nb">dict</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">facecolor</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s1">'black'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">shrink</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mf">0.05</span><span class="p">),</span>
<span class="n">horizontalalignment</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s1">'left'</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="n">verticalalignment</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s1">'bottom'</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<img src="../../_images/sphx_glr_annotations_003.png" srcset="../../_images/sphx_glr_annotations_003.png, ../../_images/sphx_glr_annotations_003_2_0x.png 2.0x" alt="annotations" class = "sphx-glr-single-img"/><p>For more on plotting with arrows, see <a class="reference internal" href="#annotation-with-custom-arrow"><span class="std std-ref">Customizing annotation arrows</span></a></p>
</section>
<section id="placing-text-annotations-relative-to-data">
<span id="annotations-offset-text"></span><h3><a class="toc-backref" href="#id5" role="doc-backlink">Placing text annotations relative to data</a><a class="headerlink" href="#placing-text-annotations-relative-to-data" title="Permalink to this heading">#</a></h3>
<p>Annotations can be positioned at a relative offset to the <em>xy</em> input to
annotation by setting the <em>textcoords</em> keyword argument to <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">'offset</span> <span class="pre">points'</span></code>
or <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">'offset</span> <span class="pre">pixels'</span></code>.</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><a href="../../api/figure_api.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure" title="matplotlib.figure.Figure" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-figure sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">fig</span></a><span class="p">,</span> <a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.axes.Axes.html#matplotlib.axes.Axes" title="matplotlib.axes.Axes" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-axes sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">ax</span></a> <span class="o">=</span> <a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.pyplot.subplots.html#matplotlib.pyplot.subplots" title="matplotlib.pyplot.subplots" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-pyplot sphx-glr-backref-type-py-function"><span class="n">plt</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">subplots</span></a><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">figsize</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">))</span>
<a href="https://docs.python.org/3/library/stdtypes.html#list" title="builtins.list" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-builtins sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">x</span></a> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">5</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">7</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">9</span><span class="p">]</span>
<a href="https://docs.python.org/3/library/stdtypes.html#list" title="builtins.list" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-builtins sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">y</span></a> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">4</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">6</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">8</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">10</span><span class="p">]</span>
<a href="https://docs.python.org/3/library/stdtypes.html#list" title="builtins.list" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-builtins sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">annotations</span></a> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="s2">"A"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s2">"B"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s2">"C"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s2">"D"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s2">"E"</span><span class="p">]</span>
<a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.axes.Axes.scatter.html#matplotlib.axes.Axes.scatter" title="matplotlib.axes.Axes.scatter" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-axes sphx-glr-backref-type-py-method"><span class="n">ax</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">scatter</span></a><span class="p">(</span><a href="https://docs.python.org/3/library/stdtypes.html#list" title="builtins.list" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-builtins sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">x</span></a><span class="p">,</span> <a href="https://docs.python.org/3/library/stdtypes.html#list" title="builtins.list" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-builtins sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">y</span></a><span class="p">,</span> <a href="https://numpy.org/doc/stable/reference/generated/numpy.ndarray.html#numpy.ndarray" title="numpy.ndarray" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-numpy sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">s</span></a><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">20</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">for</span> <a href="https://docs.python.org/3/library/functions.html#int" title="builtins.int" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-builtins sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">xi</span></a><span class="p">,</span> <a href="https://docs.python.org/3/library/functions.html#int" title="builtins.int" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-builtins sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">yi</span></a><span class="p">,</span> <a href="https://docs.python.org/3/library/stdtypes.html#str" title="builtins.str" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-builtins sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">text</span></a> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="nb">zip</span><span class="p">(</span><a href="https://docs.python.org/3/library/stdtypes.html#list" title="builtins.list" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-builtins sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">x</span></a><span class="p">,</span> <a href="https://docs.python.org/3/library/stdtypes.html#list" title="builtins.list" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-builtins sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">y</span></a><span class="p">,</span> <a href="https://docs.python.org/3/library/stdtypes.html#list" title="builtins.list" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-builtins sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">annotations</span></a><span class="p">):</span>
<a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.axes.Axes.annotate.html#matplotlib.axes.Axes.annotate" title="matplotlib.axes.Axes.annotate" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-axes sphx-glr-backref-type-py-method"><span class="n">ax</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">annotate</span></a><span class="p">(</span><a href="https://docs.python.org/3/library/stdtypes.html#str" title="builtins.str" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-builtins sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">text</span></a><span class="p">,</span>
<a href="https://docs.python.org/3/library/stdtypes.html#tuple" title="builtins.tuple" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-builtins sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">xy</span></a><span class="o">=</span><span class="p">(</span><a href="https://docs.python.org/3/library/functions.html#int" title="builtins.int" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-builtins sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">xi</span></a><span class="p">,</span> <a href="https://docs.python.org/3/library/functions.html#int" title="builtins.int" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-builtins sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">yi</span></a><span class="p">),</span> <span class="n">xycoords</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s1">'data'</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="n">xytext</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mf">1.5</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mf">1.5</span><span class="p">),</span> <span class="n">textcoords</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s1">'offset points'</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<img src="../../_images/sphx_glr_annotations_004.png" srcset="../../_images/sphx_glr_annotations_004.png, ../../_images/sphx_glr_annotations_004_2_0x.png 2.0x" alt="annotations" class = "sphx-glr-single-img"/><p>The annotations are offset 1.5 points (1.5*1/72 inches) from the <em>xy</em> values.</p>
</section>
</section>
<section id="advanced-annotation">
<span id="plotting-guide-annotation"></span><h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id6" role="doc-backlink">Advanced annotation</a><a class="headerlink" href="#advanced-annotation" title="Permalink to this heading">#</a></h2>
<p>We recommend reading <a class="reference internal" href="#annotations-tutorial"><span class="std std-ref">Basic annotation</span></a>, <a class="reference internal" href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.pyplot.text.html#matplotlib.pyplot.text" title="matplotlib.pyplot.text"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">text()</span></code></a>
and <a class="reference internal" href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.pyplot.annotate.html#matplotlib.pyplot.annotate" title="matplotlib.pyplot.annotate"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">annotate()</span></code></a> before reading this section.</p>
<section id="annotating-with-boxed-text">
<h3><a class="toc-backref" href="#id7" role="doc-backlink">Annotating with boxed text</a><a class="headerlink" href="#annotating-with-boxed-text" title="Permalink to this heading">#</a></h3>
<p><a class="reference internal" href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.axes.Axes.text.html#matplotlib.axes.Axes.text" title="matplotlib.axes.Axes.text"><code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">text</span></code></a> takes a <em>bbox</em> keyword argument, which draws a box around the
text:</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><a href="../../api/figure_api.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure" title="matplotlib.figure.Figure" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-figure sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">fig</span></a><span class="p">,</span> <a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.axes.Axes.html#matplotlib.axes.Axes" title="matplotlib.axes.Axes" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-axes sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">ax</span></a> <span class="o">=</span> <a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.pyplot.subplots.html#matplotlib.pyplot.subplots" title="matplotlib.pyplot.subplots" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-pyplot sphx-glr-backref-type-py-function"><span class="n">plt</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">subplots</span></a><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">figsize</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">5</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">5</span><span class="p">))</span>
<a href="../../api/text_api.html#matplotlib.text.Text" title="matplotlib.text.Text" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-text sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">t</span></a> <span class="o">=</span> <a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.axes.Axes.text.html#matplotlib.axes.Axes.text" title="matplotlib.axes.Axes.text" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-axes sphx-glr-backref-type-py-method"><span class="n">ax</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">text</span></a><span class="p">(</span><span class="mf">0.5</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mf">0.5</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s2">"Direction"</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="n">ha</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">"center"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">va</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">"center"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">rotation</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">45</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">size</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">15</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="n">bbox</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="nb">dict</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">boxstyle</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">"rarrow,pad=0.3"</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="n">fc</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">"lightblue"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">ec</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">"steelblue"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">lw</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">))</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<img src="../../_images/sphx_glr_annotations_005.png" srcset="../../_images/sphx_glr_annotations_005.png, ../../_images/sphx_glr_annotations_005_2_0x.png 2.0x" alt="annotations" class = "sphx-glr-single-img"/><p>The arguments are the name of the box style with its attributes as
keyword arguments. Currently, following box styles are implemented.</p>
<blockquote>
<div><table class="table">
<thead>
<tr class="row-odd"><th class="head"><p>Class</p></th>
<th class="head"><p>Name</p></th>
<th class="head"><p>Attrs</p></th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr class="row-even"><td><p>Circle</p></td>
<td><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">circle</span></code></p></td>
<td><p>pad=0.3</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><p>DArrow</p></td>
<td><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">darrow</span></code></p></td>
<td><p>pad=0.3</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><p>Ellipse</p></td>
<td><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ellipse</span></code></p></td>
<td><p>pad=0.3</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><p>LArrow</p></td>
<td><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">larrow</span></code></p></td>
<td><p>pad=0.3</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><p>RArrow</p></td>
<td><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">rarrow</span></code></p></td>
<td><p>pad=0.3</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><p>Round</p></td>
<td><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">round</span></code></p></td>
<td><p>pad=0.3,rounding_size=None</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><p>Round4</p></td>
<td><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">round4</span></code></p></td>
<td><p>pad=0.3,rounding_size=None</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><p>Roundtooth</p></td>
<td><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">roundtooth</span></code></p></td>
<td><p>pad=0.3,tooth_size=None</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><p>Sawtooth</p></td>
<td><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">sawtooth</span></code></p></td>
<td><p>pad=0.3,tooth_size=None</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><p>Square</p></td>
<td><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">square</span></code></p></td>
<td><p>pad=0.3</p></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div></blockquote>
<figure class="align-center">
<a class="reference external image-reference" href="../../gallery/shapes_and_collections/fancybox_demo.html"><img alt="../../_images/sphx_glr_fancybox_demo_001.png" src="../../_images/sphx_glr_fancybox_demo_001.png" /></a>
</figure>
<p>The patch object (box) associated with the text can be accessed using:</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="n">bb</span> <span class="o">=</span> <a href="../../api/text_api.html#matplotlib.text.Text" title="matplotlib.text.Text" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-text sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">t</span></a><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">get_bbox_patch</span><span class="p">()</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>The return value is a <a class="reference internal" href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.patches.FancyBboxPatch.html#matplotlib.patches.FancyBboxPatch" title="matplotlib.patches.FancyBboxPatch"><code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">FancyBboxPatch</span></code></a>; patch properties
(facecolor, edgewidth, etc.) can be accessed and modified as usual.
<a class="reference internal" href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.patches.FancyBboxPatch.html#matplotlib.patches.FancyBboxPatch.set_boxstyle" title="matplotlib.patches.FancyBboxPatch.set_boxstyle"><code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">FancyBboxPatch.set_boxstyle</span></code></a> sets the box shape:</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="n">bb</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">set_boxstyle</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">"rarrow"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">pad</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mf">0.6</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>The attribute arguments can also be specified within the style
name with separating comma:</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="n">bb</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">set_boxstyle</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">"rarrow, pad=0.6"</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
</section>
<section id="defining-custom-box-styles">
<h3><a class="toc-backref" href="#id8" role="doc-backlink">Defining custom box styles</a><a class="headerlink" href="#defining-custom-box-styles" title="Permalink to this heading">#</a></h3>
<p>You can use a custom box style. The value for the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">boxstyle</span></code> can be a
callable object in the following forms:</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">matplotlib.path</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <a href="../../api/path_api.html#matplotlib.path.Path" title="matplotlib.path.Path" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-path sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class"><span class="n">Path</span></a>
<span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">custom_box_style</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">x0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">y0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">width</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">height</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">mutation_size</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="sd">"""</span>
<span class="sd"> Given the location and size of the box, return the path of the box around</span>
<span class="sd"> it. Rotation is automatically taken care of.</span>
<span class="sd"> Parameters</span>
<span class="sd"> ----------</span>
<span class="sd"> x0, y0, width, height : float</span>
<span class="sd"> Box location and size.</span>
<span class="sd"> mutation_size : float</span>
<span class="sd"> Mutation reference scale, typically the text font size.</span>
<span class="sd"> """</span>
<span class="c1"># padding</span>
<span class="n">mypad</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mf">0.3</span>
<span class="n">pad</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">mutation_size</span> <span class="o">*</span> <span class="n">mypad</span>
<span class="c1"># width and height with padding added.</span>
<span class="n">width</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">width</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">2</span> <span class="o">*</span> <span class="n">pad</span>
<span class="n">height</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">height</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">2</span> <span class="o">*</span> <span class="n">pad</span>
<span class="c1"># boundary of the padded box</span>
<span class="n">x0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">y0</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">x0</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="n">pad</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">y0</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="n">pad</span>
<span class="n">x1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">y1</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">x0</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="n">width</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">y0</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="n">height</span>
<span class="c1"># return the new path</span>
<span class="k">return</span> <a href="../../api/path_api.html#matplotlib.path.Path" title="matplotlib.path.Path" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-path sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class"><span class="n">Path</span></a><span class="p">([(</span><span class="n">x0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">y0</span><span class="p">),</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">x1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">y0</span><span class="p">),</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">x1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">y1</span><span class="p">),</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">x0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">y1</span><span class="p">),</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="n">x0</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="n">pad</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">y0</span><span class="o">+</span><span class="n">y1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">/</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">),</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">x0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">y0</span><span class="p">),</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">x0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">y0</span><span class="p">)],</span>
<span class="n">closed</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="kc">True</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a href="../../api/figure_api.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure" title="matplotlib.figure.Figure" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-figure sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">fig</span></a><span class="p">,</span> <a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.axes.Axes.html#matplotlib.axes.Axes" title="matplotlib.axes.Axes" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-axes sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">ax</span></a> <span class="o">=</span> <a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.pyplot.subplots.html#matplotlib.pyplot.subplots" title="matplotlib.pyplot.subplots" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-pyplot sphx-glr-backref-type-py-function"><span class="n">plt</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">subplots</span></a><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">figsize</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">))</span>
<a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.axes.Axes.text.html#matplotlib.axes.Axes.text" title="matplotlib.axes.Axes.text" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-axes sphx-glr-backref-type-py-method"><span class="n">ax</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">text</span></a><span class="p">(</span><span class="mf">0.5</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mf">0.5</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s2">"Test"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">size</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">30</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">va</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">"center"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">ha</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">"center"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">rotation</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">30</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="n">bbox</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="nb">dict</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">boxstyle</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">custom_box_style</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">alpha</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mf">0.2</span><span class="p">))</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<img src="../../_images/sphx_glr_annotations_006.png" srcset="../../_images/sphx_glr_annotations_006.png, ../../_images/sphx_glr_annotations_006_2_0x.png 2.0x" alt="annotations" class = "sphx-glr-single-img"/><p>See also <a class="reference internal" href="../../gallery/userdemo/custom_boxstyle01.html"><span class="doc">Custom box styles</span></a>. Similarly, you can define a
custom <a class="reference internal" href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.patches.ConnectionStyle.html#matplotlib.patches.ConnectionStyle" title="matplotlib.patches.ConnectionStyle"><code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ConnectionStyle</span></code></a> and a custom <a class="reference internal" href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.patches.ArrowStyle.html#matplotlib.patches.ArrowStyle" title="matplotlib.patches.ArrowStyle"><code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ArrowStyle</span></code></a>. View the source code at
<a class="reference internal" href="../../api/patches_api.html#module-matplotlib.patches" title="matplotlib.patches"><code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">patches</span></code></a> to learn how each class is defined.</p>
</section>
<section id="customizing-annotation-arrows">
<span id="annotation-with-custom-arrow"></span><h3><a class="toc-backref" href="#id9" role="doc-backlink">Customizing annotation arrows</a><a class="headerlink" href="#customizing-annotation-arrows" title="Permalink to this heading">#</a></h3>
<p>An arrow connecting <em>xy</em> to <em>xytext</em> can be optionally drawn by
specifying the <em>arrowprops</em> argument. To draw only an arrow, use
empty string as the first argument:</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><a href="../../api/figure_api.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure" title="matplotlib.figure.Figure" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-figure sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">fig</span></a><span class="p">,</span> <a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.axes.Axes.html#matplotlib.axes.Axes" title="matplotlib.axes.Axes" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-axes sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">ax</span></a> <span class="o">=</span> <a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.pyplot.subplots.html#matplotlib.pyplot.subplots" title="matplotlib.pyplot.subplots" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-pyplot sphx-glr-backref-type-py-function"><span class="n">plt</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">subplots</span></a><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">figsize</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">))</span>
<a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.axes.Axes.annotate.html#matplotlib.axes.Axes.annotate" title="matplotlib.axes.Axes.annotate" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-axes sphx-glr-backref-type-py-method"><span class="n">ax</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">annotate</span></a><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">""</span><span class="p">,</span>
<a href="https://docs.python.org/3/library/stdtypes.html#tuple" title="builtins.tuple" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-builtins sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">xy</span></a><span class="o">=</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mf">0.2</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mf">0.2</span><span class="p">),</span> <span class="n">xycoords</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s1">'data'</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="n">xytext</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mf">0.8</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mf">0.8</span><span class="p">),</span> <span class="n">textcoords</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s1">'data'</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="n">arrowprops</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="nb">dict</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">arrowstyle</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">"->"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">connectionstyle</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">"arc3"</span><span class="p">))</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<img src="../../_images/sphx_glr_annotations_007.png" srcset="../../_images/sphx_glr_annotations_007.png, ../../_images/sphx_glr_annotations_007_2_0x.png 2.0x" alt="annotations" class = "sphx-glr-single-img"/><p>The arrow is drawn as follows:</p>
<ol class="arabic simple">
<li><p>A path connecting the two points is created, as specified by the
<em>connectionstyle</em> parameter.</p></li>
<li><p>The path is clipped to avoid patches <em>patchA</em> and <em>patchB</em>, if these are
set.</p></li>
<li><p>The path is further shrunk by <em>shrinkA</em> and <em>shrinkB</em> (in pixels).</p></li>
<li><p>The path is transmuted to an arrow patch, as specified by the <em>arrowstyle</em>
parameter.</p></li>
</ol>
<figure class="align-center">
<a class="reference external image-reference" href="../../gallery/userdemo/annotate_explain.html"><img alt="../../_images/sphx_glr_annotate_explain_001.png" src="../../_images/sphx_glr_annotate_explain_001.png" /></a>
</figure>
<p>The creation of the connecting path between two points is controlled by
<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">connectionstyle</span></code> key and the following styles are available.</p>
<blockquote>
<div><table class="table">
<thead>
<tr class="row-odd"><th class="head"><p>Name</p></th>
<th class="head"><p>Attrs</p></th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr class="row-even"><td><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">angle</span></code></p></td>
<td><p>angleA=90,angleB=0,rad=0.0</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">angle3</span></code></p></td>
<td><p>angleA=90,angleB=0</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">arc</span></code></p></td>
<td><p>angleA=0,angleB=0,armA=None,armB=None,rad=0.0</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">arc3</span></code></p></td>
<td><p>rad=0.0</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">bar</span></code></p></td>
<td><p>armA=0.0,armB=0.0,fraction=0.3,angle=None</p></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div></blockquote>
<p>Note that "3" in <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">angle3</span></code> and <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">arc3</span></code> is meant to indicate that the
resulting path is a quadratic spline segment (three control
points). As will be discussed below, some arrow style options can only
be used when the connecting path is a quadratic spline.</p>
<p>The behavior of each connection style is (limitedly) demonstrated in the
example below. (Warning: The behavior of the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">bar</span></code> style is currently not
well-defined and may be changed in the future).</p>
<figure class="align-center">
<a class="reference external image-reference" href="../../gallery/userdemo/connectionstyle_demo.html"><img alt="../../_images/sphx_glr_connectionstyle_demo_001.png" src="../../_images/sphx_glr_connectionstyle_demo_001.png" /></a>
</figure>
<p>The connecting path (after clipping and shrinking) is then mutated to
an arrow patch, according to the given <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">arrowstyle</span></code>.</p>
<blockquote>
<div><table class="table">
<thead>
<tr class="row-odd"><th class="head"><p>Name</p></th>
<th class="head"><p>Attrs</p></th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr class="row-even"><td><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">-</span></code></p></td>
<td><p>None</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">-></span></code></p></td>
<td><p>head_length=0.4,head_width=0.2</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">-[</span></code></p></td>
<td><p>widthB=1.0,lengthB=0.2,angleB=None</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">|-|</span></code></p></td>
<td><p>widthA=1.0,widthB=1.0</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">-|></span></code></p></td>
<td><p>head_length=0.4,head_width=0.2</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre"><-</span></code></p></td>
<td><p>head_length=0.4,head_width=0.2</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre"><-></span></code></p></td>
<td><p>head_length=0.4,head_width=0.2</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre"><|-</span></code></p></td>
<td><p>head_length=0.4,head_width=0.2</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre"><|-|></span></code></p></td>
<td><p>head_length=0.4,head_width=0.2</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">fancy</span></code></p></td>
<td><p>head_length=0.4,head_width=0.4,tail_width=0.4</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">simple</span></code></p></td>
<td><p>head_length=0.5,head_width=0.5,tail_width=0.2</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">wedge</span></code></p></td>
<td><p>tail_width=0.3,shrink_factor=0.5</p></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div></blockquote>
<figure class="align-center">
<a class="reference external image-reference" href="../../gallery/text_labels_and_annotations/fancyarrow_demo.html"><img alt="../../_images/sphx_glr_fancyarrow_demo_001.png" src="../../_images/sphx_glr_fancyarrow_demo_001.png" /></a>
</figure>
<p>Some arrowstyles only work with connection styles that generate a
quadratic-spline segment. They are <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">fancy</span></code>, <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">simple</span></code>, and <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">wedge</span></code>.
For these arrow styles, you must use the "angle3" or "arc3" connection
style.</p>
<p>If the annotation string is given, the patch is set to the bbox patch
of the text by default.</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><a href="../../api/figure_api.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure" title="matplotlib.figure.Figure" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-figure sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">fig</span></a><span class="p">,</span> <a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.axes.Axes.html#matplotlib.axes.Axes" title="matplotlib.axes.Axes" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-axes sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">ax</span></a> <span class="o">=</span> <a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.pyplot.subplots.html#matplotlib.pyplot.subplots" title="matplotlib.pyplot.subplots" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-pyplot sphx-glr-backref-type-py-function"><span class="n">plt</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">subplots</span></a><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">figsize</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">))</span>
<a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.axes.Axes.annotate.html#matplotlib.axes.Axes.annotate" title="matplotlib.axes.Axes.annotate" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-axes sphx-glr-backref-type-py-method"><span class="n">ax</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">annotate</span></a><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">"Test"</span><span class="p">,</span>
<a href="https://docs.python.org/3/library/stdtypes.html#tuple" title="builtins.tuple" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-builtins sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">xy</span></a><span class="o">=</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mf">0.2</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mf">0.2</span><span class="p">),</span> <span class="n">xycoords</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s1">'data'</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="n">xytext</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mf">0.8</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mf">0.8</span><span class="p">),</span> <span class="n">textcoords</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s1">'data'</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="n">size</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">20</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">va</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">"center"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">ha</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">"center"</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="n">arrowprops</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="nb">dict</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">arrowstyle</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">"simple"</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="n">connectionstyle</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">"arc3,rad=-0.2"</span><span class="p">))</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<img src="../../_images/sphx_glr_annotations_008.png" srcset="../../_images/sphx_glr_annotations_008.png, ../../_images/sphx_glr_annotations_008_2_0x.png 2.0x" alt="annotations" class = "sphx-glr-single-img"/><p>As with <a class="reference internal" href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.axes.Axes.text.html#matplotlib.axes.Axes.text" title="matplotlib.axes.Axes.text"><code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">text</span></code></a>, a box around the text can be drawn using the <em>bbox</em>
argument.</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><a href="../../api/figure_api.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure" title="matplotlib.figure.Figure" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-figure sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">fig</span></a><span class="p">,</span> <a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.axes.Axes.html#matplotlib.axes.Axes" title="matplotlib.axes.Axes" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-axes sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">ax</span></a> <span class="o">=</span> <a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.pyplot.subplots.html#matplotlib.pyplot.subplots" title="matplotlib.pyplot.subplots" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-pyplot sphx-glr-backref-type-py-function"><span class="n">plt</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">subplots</span></a><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">figsize</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">))</span>
<a href="../../api/text_api.html#matplotlib.text.Annotation" title="matplotlib.text.Annotation" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-text sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">ann</span></a> <span class="o">=</span> <a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.axes.Axes.annotate.html#matplotlib.axes.Axes.annotate" title="matplotlib.axes.Axes.annotate" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-axes sphx-glr-backref-type-py-method"><span class="n">ax</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">annotate</span></a><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">"Test"</span><span class="p">,</span>
<a href="https://docs.python.org/3/library/stdtypes.html#tuple" title="builtins.tuple" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-builtins sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">xy</span></a><span class="o">=</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mf">0.2</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mf">0.2</span><span class="p">),</span> <span class="n">xycoords</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s1">'data'</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="n">xytext</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mf">0.8</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mf">0.8</span><span class="p">),</span> <span class="n">textcoords</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s1">'data'</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="n">size</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">20</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">va</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">"center"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">ha</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">"center"</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="n">bbox</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="nb">dict</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">boxstyle</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">"round4"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">fc</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">"w"</span><span class="p">),</span>
<span class="n">arrowprops</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="nb">dict</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">arrowstyle</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">"-|>"</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="n">connectionstyle</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">"arc3,rad=-0.2"</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="n">fc</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">"w"</span><span class="p">))</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<img src="../../_images/sphx_glr_annotations_009.png" srcset="../../_images/sphx_glr_annotations_009.png, ../../_images/sphx_glr_annotations_009_2_0x.png 2.0x" alt="annotations" class = "sphx-glr-single-img"/><p>By default, the starting point is set to the center of the text
extent. This can be adjusted with <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">relpos</span></code> key value. The values
are normalized to the extent of the text. For example, (0, 0) means
lower-left corner and (1, 1) means top-right.</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><a href="../../api/figure_api.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure" title="matplotlib.figure.Figure" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-figure sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">fig</span></a><span class="p">,</span> <a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.axes.Axes.html#matplotlib.axes.Axes" title="matplotlib.axes.Axes" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-axes sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">ax</span></a> <span class="o">=</span> <a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.pyplot.subplots.html#matplotlib.pyplot.subplots" title="matplotlib.pyplot.subplots" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-pyplot sphx-glr-backref-type-py-function"><span class="n">plt</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">subplots</span></a><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">figsize</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">))</span>
<a href="../../api/text_api.html#matplotlib.text.Annotation" title="matplotlib.text.Annotation" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-text sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">ann</span></a> <span class="o">=</span> <a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.axes.Axes.annotate.html#matplotlib.axes.Axes.annotate" title="matplotlib.axes.Axes.annotate" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-axes sphx-glr-backref-type-py-method"><span class="n">ax</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">annotate</span></a><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">"Test"</span><span class="p">,</span>
<a href="https://docs.python.org/3/library/stdtypes.html#tuple" title="builtins.tuple" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-builtins sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">xy</span></a><span class="o">=</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mf">0.2</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mf">0.2</span><span class="p">),</span> <span class="n">xycoords</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s1">'data'</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="n">xytext</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mf">0.8</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mf">0.8</span><span class="p">),</span> <span class="n">textcoords</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s1">'data'</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="n">size</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">20</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">va</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">"center"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">ha</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">"center"</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="n">bbox</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="nb">dict</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">boxstyle</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">"round4"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">fc</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">"w"</span><span class="p">),</span>
<span class="n">arrowprops</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="nb">dict</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">arrowstyle</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">"-|>"</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="n">connectionstyle</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">"arc3,rad=0.2"</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="n">relpos</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mf">0.</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mf">0.</span><span class="p">),</span>
<span class="n">fc</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">"w"</span><span class="p">))</span>
<a href="../../api/text_api.html#matplotlib.text.Annotation" title="matplotlib.text.Annotation" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-text sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">ann</span></a> <span class="o">=</span> <a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.axes.Axes.annotate.html#matplotlib.axes.Axes.annotate" title="matplotlib.axes.Axes.annotate" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-axes sphx-glr-backref-type-py-method"><span class="n">ax</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">annotate</span></a><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">"Test"</span><span class="p">,</span>
<a href="https://docs.python.org/3/library/stdtypes.html#tuple" title="builtins.tuple" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-builtins sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">xy</span></a><span class="o">=</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mf">0.2</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mf">0.2</span><span class="p">),</span> <span class="n">xycoords</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s1">'data'</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="n">xytext</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mf">0.8</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mf">0.8</span><span class="p">),</span> <span class="n">textcoords</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s1">'data'</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="n">size</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">20</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">va</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">"center"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">ha</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">"center"</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="n">bbox</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="nb">dict</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">boxstyle</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">"round4"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">fc</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">"w"</span><span class="p">),</span>
<span class="n">arrowprops</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="nb">dict</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">arrowstyle</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">"-|>"</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="n">connectionstyle</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">"arc3,rad=-0.2"</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="n">relpos</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mf">1.</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mf">0.</span><span class="p">),</span>
<span class="n">fc</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">"w"</span><span class="p">))</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<img src="../../_images/sphx_glr_annotations_010.png" srcset="../../_images/sphx_glr_annotations_010.png, ../../_images/sphx_glr_annotations_010_2_0x.png 2.0x" alt="annotations" class = "sphx-glr-single-img"/></section>
<section id="placing-artist-at-anchored-axes-locations">
<h3><a class="toc-backref" href="#id10" role="doc-backlink">Placing Artist at anchored Axes locations</a><a class="headerlink" href="#placing-artist-at-anchored-axes-locations" title="Permalink to this heading">#</a></h3>
<p>There are classes of artists that can be placed at an anchored
location in the Axes. A common example is the legend. This type
of artist can be created by using the <a class="reference internal" href="../../api/offsetbox_api.html#matplotlib.offsetbox.OffsetBox" title="matplotlib.offsetbox.OffsetBox"><code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">OffsetBox</span></code></a> class. A few
predefined classes are available in <a class="reference internal" href="../../api/offsetbox_api.html#module-matplotlib.offsetbox" title="matplotlib.offsetbox"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">matplotlib.offsetbox</span></code></a> and in
<a class="reference internal" href="../../api/_as_gen/mpl_toolkits.axes_grid1.anchored_artists.html#module-mpl_toolkits.axes_grid1.anchored_artists" title="mpl_toolkits.axes_grid1.anchored_artists"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">mpl_toolkits.axes_grid1.anchored_artists</span></code></a>.</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">matplotlib.offsetbox</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <a href="../../api/offsetbox_api.html#matplotlib.offsetbox.AnchoredText" title="matplotlib.offsetbox.AnchoredText" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-offsetbox sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class"><span class="n">AnchoredText</span></a>
<a href="../../api/figure_api.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure" title="matplotlib.figure.Figure" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-figure sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">fig</span></a><span class="p">,</span> <a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.axes.Axes.html#matplotlib.axes.Axes" title="matplotlib.axes.Axes" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-axes sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">ax</span></a> <span class="o">=</span> <a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.pyplot.subplots.html#matplotlib.pyplot.subplots" title="matplotlib.pyplot.subplots" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-pyplot sphx-glr-backref-type-py-function"><span class="n">plt</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">subplots</span></a><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">figsize</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">))</span>
You can’t perform that action at this time.