{{ message }}
-
Notifications
You must be signed in to change notification settings - Fork 62
Expand file tree
/
Copy pathannotations.html
More file actions
824 lines (793 loc) · 66.5 KB
/
Copy pathannotations.html
File metadata and controls
824 lines (793 loc) · 66.5 KB
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
276
277
278
279
280
281
282
283
284
285
286
287
288
289
290
291
292
293
294
295
296
297
298
299
300
301
302
303
304
305
306
307
308
309
310
311
312
313
314
315
316
317
318
319
320
321
322
323
324
325
326
327
328
329
330
331
332
333
334
335
336
337
338
339
340
341
342
343
344
345
346
347
348
349
350
351
352
353
354
355
356
357
358
359
360
361
362
363
364
365
366
367
368
369
370
371
372
373
374
375
376
377
378
379
380
381
382
383
384
385
386
387
388
389
390
391
392
393
394
395
396
397
398
399
400
401
402
403
404
405
406
407
408
409
410
411
412
413
414
415
416
417
418
419
420
421
422
423
424
425
426
427
428
429
430
431
432
433
434
435
436
437
438
439
440
441
442
443
444
445
446
447
448
449
450
451
452
453
454
455
456
457
458
459
460
461
462
463
464
465
466
467
468
469
470
471
472
473
474
475
476
477
478
479
480
481
482
483
484
485
486
487
488
489
490
491
492
493
494
495
496
497
498
499
500
501
502
503
504
505
506
507
508
509
510
511
512
513
514
515
516
517
518
519
520
521
522
523
524
525
526
527
528
529
530
531
532
533
534
535
536
537
538
539
540
541
542
543
544
545
546
547
548
549
550
551
552
553
554
555
556
557
558
559
560
561
562
563
564
565
566
567
568
569
570
571
572
573
574
575
576
577
578
579
580
581
582
583
584
585
586
587
588
589
590
591
592
593
594
595
596
597
598
599
600
601
602
603
604
605
606
607
608
609
610
611
612
613
614
615
616
617
618
619
620
621
622
623
624
625
626
627
628
629
630
631
632
633
634
635
636
637
638
639
640
641
642
643
644
645
646
647
648
649
650
651
652
653
654
655
656
657
658
659
660
661
662
663
664
665
666
667
668
669
670
671
672
673
674
675
676
677
678
679
680
681
682
683
684
685
686
687
688
689
690
691
692
693
694
695
696
697
698
699
700
701
702
703
704
705
706
707
708
709
710
711
712
713
714
715
716
717
718
719
720
721
722
723
724
725
726
727
728
729
730
731
732
733
734
735
736
737
738
739
740
741
742
743
744
745
746
747
748
749
750
751
752
753
754
755
756
757
758
759
760
761
762
763
764
765
766
767
768
769
770
771
772
773
774
775
776
777
778
779
780
781
782
783
784
785
786
787
788
789
790
791
792
793
794
795
796
797
798
799
800
801
802
803
804
805
806
807
808
809
810
811
812
813
814
815
816
817
818
819
820
821
822
823
824
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
<title>Annotations — Matplotlib 3.1.2 documentation</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="../../_static/mpl.css?v3.1.1-79-g90d53b526"
type="text/css" />
<link rel="stylesheet" href="../../_static/pygments.css"
type="text/css" />
<link rel="stylesheet" href="../../_static/graphviz.css" type="text/css" />
<link rel="stylesheet" href="../../_static/gallery.css" type="text/css" />
<link rel="stylesheet" href="../../_static/copybutton.css" type="text/css" />
<script type="text/javascript" id="documentation_options" data-url_root="../../" src="../../_static/documentation_options.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="../../_static/jquery.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="../../_static/underscore.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="../../_static/doctools.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="../../_static/language_data.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="../../_static/clipboard.min.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="../../_static/copybutton.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript">var copybuttonSkipText = '>>> ';</script>
<script async="async" type="text/javascript" src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/mathjax/2.7.5/latest.js?config=TeX-AMS-MML_HTMLorMML"></script>
<link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml"
title="Search within Matplotlib 3.1.2 documentation"
href="../../_static/opensearch.xml"/>
<link rel="shortcut icon" href="../../_static/favicon.ico"/>
<link rel="index" title="Index" href="../../genindex.html"
/>
<link rel="search" title="Search" href="../../search.html"
/>
<link rel="top" title="Matplotlib 3.1.2 documentation" href="../../index.html" />
<link rel="up" title="Tutorials" href="../index.html" />
<link rel="next" title="Writing mathematical expressions" href="mathtext.html" />
<link rel="prev" title="Text properties and layout" href="text_props.html" />
<link rel="canonical" href="https://matplotlib.org/stable/tutorials/text/annotations.html" />
<script data-domain="matplotlib.org" defer="defer" src="https://views.scientific-python.org/js/script.js"></script>
</head>
<body>
<div id="unreleased-message"> You are reading an old version of the documentation (v3.1.1). For the latest version see <a href="https://matplotlib.org/stable/tutorials/text/annotations.html">https://matplotlib.org/stable/tutorials/text/annotations.html</a></div>
<div style="background-color: white; text-align: left; padding: 10px 10px 15px 15px; position: relative;">
<a href="../../index.html">
<div style="float: left; position: absolute; width: 496px; bottom: 0; padding-bottom: 24px"><span style="float: right; color: #789; background: white">Version 3.1.2</span></div>
<img src="../../_static/logo2_compressed.svg" height="125px" border="0" alt="matplotlib"/></a>
<!-- The "Fork me on github" ribbon -->
<div id="forkongithub"><a href="https://github.com/matplotlib/matplotlib">Fork me on GitHub</a></div>
</div>
<nav class="main-nav">
<ul>
<li><a href="../../users/installing.html">Installation</a></li>
<li><a href="../../contents.html">Documentation</a></li>
<li><a href="../../gallery/index.html">Examples</a></li>
<li><a href="../index.html">Tutorials</a></li>
<li><a href="../../devel/index.html">Contributing</a></li>
</ul>
</nav>
<div class="related">
<h3>Navigation</h3>
<ul>
<li class="right" style="margin-right: 10px">
<a href="../../genindex.html" title="General Index"
accesskey="I">index</a></li>
<li class="right" >
<a href="../../py-modindex.html" title="Python Module Index"
>modules</a> |</li>
<li class="right" >
<a href="mathtext.html" title="Writing mathematical expressions"
accesskey="N">next</a> |</li>
<li class="right" >
<a href="text_props.html" title="Text properties and layout"
accesskey="P">previous</a> |</li>
<li><a href="../../index.html">home</a>| </li>
<li><a href="../../contents.html">contents</a> »</li>
<li><a href="../../users/index.html" >User's Guide</a> »</li>
<li><a href="../index.html" accesskey="U">Tutorials</a> »</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="sphinxsidebar">
<div class="sphinxsidebarwrapper">
<div id="searchbox" style="display: none" role="search">
<h3>Quick search</h3>
<div class="searchformwrapper">
<form class="search" action="../../search.html" method="get">
<input type="text" name="q" />
<input type="submit" value="Go" />
<input type="hidden" name="check_keywords" value="yes" />
<input type="hidden" name="area" value="default" />
</form>
</div>
</div>
<script type="text/javascript">$('#searchbox').show(0);</script>
<h3><a href="../../contents.html">Table of Contents</a></h3>
<ul>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#">Annotations</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#basic-annotation">Basic annotation</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#advanced-annotation">Advanced Annotation</a><ul>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#annotating-with-text-with-box">Annotating with Text with Box</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#annotating-with-arrow">Annotating with Arrow</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#placing-artist-at-the-anchored-location-of-the-axes">Placing Artist at the anchored location of the Axes</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#using-complex-coordinates-with-annotations">Using Complex Coordinates with Annotations</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#using-connectionpatch">Using ConnectionPatch</a><ul>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#advanced-topics">Advanced Topics</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#zoom-effect-between-axes">Zoom effect between Axes</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#define-custom-boxstyle">Define Custom BoxStyle</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<div class="relations">
<h3>Related Topics</h3>
<ul>
<li><a href="../../contents.html">Documentation overview</a><ul>
<li><a href="../../users/index.html">User's Guide</a><ul>
<li><a href="../index.html">Tutorials</a><ul>
<li>Previous: <a href="text_props.html" title="previous chapter">Text properties and layout</a></li>
<li>Next: <a href="mathtext.html" title="next chapter">Writing mathematical expressions</a></li>
</ul></li>
</ul></li>
</ul></li>
</ul>
</div>
<div id="sidebar-pagesource" role="note" aria-label="source link"
style="margin-top: 1.5em; padding-top: 0.1em; border-top: 1px solid #86989b">
<a href="../../_sources/tutorials/text/annotations.rst.txt"
style="color: #c0c0c0" rel="nofollow">Show Page Source</a>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="document">
<div class="documentwrapper">
<div class="bodywrapper">
<div class="body">
<div class="sphx-glr-download-link-note admonition note">
<p class="first admonition-title">Note</p>
<p class="last">Click <a class="reference internal" href="#sphx-glr-download-tutorials-text-annotations-py"><span class="std std-ref">here</span></a> to download the full example code</p>
</div>
<div class="sphx-glr-example-title section" id="annotations">
<span id="sphx-glr-tutorials-text-annotations-py"></span><h1><a class="toc-backref" href="#id23">Annotations</a><a class="headerlink" href="#annotations" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h1>
<p>Annotating text with Matplotlib.</p>
<div class="contents topic" id="table-of-contents">
<p class="topic-title first">Table of Contents</p>
<ul class="simple">
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#annotations" id="id23">Annotations</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#basic-annotation" id="id24">Basic annotation</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#advanced-annotation" id="id25">Advanced Annotation</a><ul>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#annotating-with-text-with-box" id="id26">Annotating with Text with Box</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#annotating-with-arrow" id="id27">Annotating with Arrow</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#placing-artist-at-the-anchored-location-of-the-axes" id="id28">Placing Artist at the anchored location of the Axes</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#using-complex-coordinates-with-annotations" id="id29">Using Complex Coordinates with Annotations</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#using-connectionpatch" id="id30">Using ConnectionPatch</a><ul>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#advanced-topics" id="id31">Advanced Topics</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#zoom-effect-between-axes" id="id32">Zoom effect between Axes</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#define-custom-boxstyle" id="id33">Define Custom BoxStyle</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="basic-annotation">
<span id="annotations-tutorial"></span><h1><a class="toc-backref" href="#id24">Basic annotation</a><a class="headerlink" href="#basic-annotation" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h1>
<p>The uses of the basic <a class="reference internal" href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.pyplot.text.html#matplotlib.pyplot.text" title="matplotlib.pyplot.text"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">text()</span></code></a> will place text
at an arbitrary position on the Axes. A common use case of text is to
annotate some feature of the plot, and the
<code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">annotate()</span></code> method provides helper functionality
to make annotations easy. In an annotation, there are two points to
consider: the location being annotated represented by the argument
<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">xy</span></code> and the location of the text <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">xytext</span></code>. Both of these
arguments are <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">(x,y)</span></code> tuples.</p>
<div class="figure align-center" id="id1">
<a class="reference external image-reference" href="../../gallery/pyplots/annotation_basic.html"><img alt="../../_images/sphx_glr_annotation_basic_0011.png" src="../../_images/sphx_glr_annotation_basic_0011.png" style="width: 320.0px; height: 240.0px;" /></a>
<p class="caption"><span class="caption-text">Annotation Basic</span></p>
</div>
<p>In this example, both the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">xy</span></code> (arrow tip) and <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">xytext</span></code> locations
(text location) are in data coordinates. There are a variety of other
coordinate systems one can choose -- you can specify the coordinate
system of <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">xy</span></code> and <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">xytext</span></code> with one of the following strings for
<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">xycoords</span></code> and <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">textcoords</span></code> (default is 'data')</p>
<table border="1" class="docutils">
<colgroup>
<col width="28%" />
<col width="72%" />
</colgroup>
<thead valign="bottom">
<tr class="row-odd"><th class="head">argument</th>
<th class="head">coordinate system</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody valign="top">
<tr class="row-even"><td>'figure points'</td>
<td>points from the lower left corner of the figure</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td>'figure pixels'</td>
<td>pixels from the lower left corner of the figure</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td>'figure fraction'</td>
<td>0,0 is lower left of figure and 1,1 is upper right</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td>'axes points'</td>
<td>points from lower left corner of axes</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td>'axes pixels'</td>
<td>pixels from lower left corner of axes</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td>'axes fraction'</td>
<td>0,0 is lower left of axes and 1,1 is upper right</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td>'data'</td>
<td>use the axes data coordinate system</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>For example to place the text coordinates in fractional axes
coordinates, one could do:</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="n">ax</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">annotate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'local max'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">xy</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">),</span> <span class="n">xycoords</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s1">'data'</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="n">xytext</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mf">0.8</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mf">0.95</span><span class="p">),</span> <span class="n">textcoords</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s1">'axes fraction'</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="n">arrowprops</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="nb">dict</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">facecolor</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s1">'black'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">shrink</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mf">0.05</span><span class="p">),</span>
<span class="n">horizontalalignment</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s1">'right'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">verticalalignment</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s1">'top'</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>For physical coordinate systems (points or pixels) the origin is the
bottom-left of the figure or axes.</p>
<p>Optionally, you can enable drawing of an arrow from the text to the annotated
point by giving a dictionary of arrow properties in the optional keyword
argument <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">arrowprops</span></code>.</p>
<table border="1" class="docutils">
<colgroup>
<col width="27%" />
<col width="73%" />
</colgroup>
<thead valign="bottom">
<tr class="row-odd"><th class="head"><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">arrowprops</span></code> key</th>
<th class="head">description</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody valign="top">
<tr class="row-even"><td>width</td>
<td>the width of the arrow in points</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td>frac</td>
<td>the fraction of the arrow length occupied by the head</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td>headwidth</td>
<td>the width of the base of the arrow head in points</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td>shrink</td>
<td>move the tip and base some percent away from
the annotated point and text</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td>**kwargs</td>
<td>any key for <a class="reference internal" href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.patches.Polygon.html#matplotlib.patches.Polygon" title="matplotlib.patches.Polygon"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">matplotlib.patches.Polygon</span></code></a>,
e.g., <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">facecolor</span></code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>In the example below, the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">xy</span></code> point is in native coordinates
(<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">xycoords</span></code> defaults to 'data'). For a polar axes, this is in
(theta, radius) space. The text in this example is placed in the
fractional figure coordinate system. <a class="reference internal" href="../../api/text_api.html#matplotlib.text.Text" title="matplotlib.text.Text"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">matplotlib.text.Text</span></code></a>
keyword args like <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">horizontalalignment</span></code>, <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">verticalalignment</span></code> and
<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">fontsize</span></code> are passed from <code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">annotate</span></code> to the
<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Text</span></code> instance.</p>
<div class="figure align-center" id="id2">
<a class="reference external image-reference" href="../../gallery/pyplots/annotation_polar.html"><img alt="../../_images/sphx_glr_annotation_polar_0011.png" src="../../_images/sphx_glr_annotation_polar_0011.png" style="width: 320.0px; height: 240.0px;" /></a>
<p class="caption"><span class="caption-text">Annotation Polar</span></p>
</div>
<p>For more on all the wild and wonderful things you can do with
annotations, including fancy arrows, see <a class="reference internal" href="#plotting-guide-annotation"><span class="std std-ref">Advanced Annotation</span></a>
and <a class="reference internal" href="../../gallery/text_labels_and_annotations/annotation_demo.html"><span class="doc">Annotating Plots</span></a>.</p>
<p>Do not proceed unless you have already read <a class="reference internal" href="#annotations-tutorial"><span class="std std-ref">Basic annotation</span></a>,
<a class="reference internal" href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.pyplot.text.html#matplotlib.pyplot.text" title="matplotlib.pyplot.text"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">text()</span></code></a> and <a class="reference internal" href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.pyplot.annotate.html#matplotlib.pyplot.annotate" title="matplotlib.pyplot.annotate"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">annotate()</span></code></a>!</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="advanced-annotation">
<span id="plotting-guide-annotation"></span><h1><a class="toc-backref" href="#id25">Advanced Annotation</a><a class="headerlink" href="#advanced-annotation" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h1>
<div class="section" id="annotating-with-text-with-box">
<h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id26">Annotating with Text with Box</a><a class="headerlink" href="#annotating-with-text-with-box" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
<p>Let's start with a simple example.</p>
<div class="figure align-center" id="id3">
<a class="reference external image-reference" href="../../gallery/userdemo/annotate_text_arrow.html"><img alt="../../_images/sphx_glr_annotate_text_arrow_0011.png" src="../../_images/sphx_glr_annotate_text_arrow_0011.png" style="width: 250.0px; height: 250.0px;" /></a>
<p class="caption"><span class="caption-text">Annotate Text Arrow</span></p>
</div>
<p>The <a class="reference internal" href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.pyplot.text.html#matplotlib.pyplot.text" title="matplotlib.pyplot.text"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">text()</span></code></a> function in the pyplot module (or
text method of the Axes class) takes bbox keyword argument, and when
given, a box around the text is drawn.</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="n">bbox_props</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nb">dict</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">boxstyle</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">"rarrow,pad=0.3"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">fc</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">"cyan"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">ec</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">"b"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">lw</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">t</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">ax</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">text</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s2">"Direction"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">ha</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">"center"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">va</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">"center"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">rotation</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">45</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="n">size</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">15</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="n">bbox</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">bbox_props</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>The patch object associated with the text can be accessed by:</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="n">bb</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">t</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">get_bbox_patch</span><span class="p">()</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>The return value is an instance of FancyBboxPatch and the patch
properties like facecolor, edgewidth, etc. can be accessed and
modified as usual. To change the shape of the box, use the <em>set_boxstyle</em>
method.</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="n">bb</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">set_boxstyle</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">"rarrow"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">pad</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mf">0.6</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>The arguments are the name of the box style with its attributes as
keyword arguments. Currently, following box styles are implemented.</p>
<blockquote>
<div><table border="1" class="docutils">
<colgroup>
<col width="20%" />
<col width="28%" />
<col width="52%" />
</colgroup>
<thead valign="bottom">
<tr class="row-odd"><th class="head">Class</th>
<th class="head">Name</th>
<th class="head">Attrs</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody valign="top">
<tr class="row-even"><td>Circle</td>
<td><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">circle</span></code></td>
<td>pad=0.3</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td>DArrow</td>
<td><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">darrow</span></code></td>
<td>pad=0.3</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td>LArrow</td>
<td><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">larrow</span></code></td>
<td>pad=0.3</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td>RArrow</td>
<td><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">rarrow</span></code></td>
<td>pad=0.3</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td>Round</td>
<td><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">round</span></code></td>
<td>pad=0.3,rounding_size=None</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td>Round4</td>
<td><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">round4</span></code></td>
<td>pad=0.3,rounding_size=None</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td>Roundtooth</td>
<td><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">roundtooth</span></code></td>
<td>pad=0.3,tooth_size=None</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td>Sawtooth</td>
<td><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">sawtooth</span></code></td>
<td>pad=0.3,tooth_size=None</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td>Square</td>
<td><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">square</span></code></td>
<td>pad=0.3</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div></blockquote>
<div class="figure align-center" id="id4">
<a class="reference external image-reference" href="../../gallery/shapes_and_collections/fancybox_demo.html"><img alt="../../_images/sphx_glr_fancybox_demo_0011.png" src="../../_images/sphx_glr_fancybox_demo_0011.png" style="width: 133.0px; height: 376.5px;" /></a>
<p class="caption"><span class="caption-text">Fancybox Demo</span></p>
</div>
<p>Note that the attribute arguments can be specified within the style
name with separating comma (this form can be used as "boxstyle" value
of bbox argument when initializing the text instance)</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="n">bb</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">set_boxstyle</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">"rarrow,pad=0.6"</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="annotating-with-arrow">
<h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id27">Annotating with Arrow</a><a class="headerlink" href="#annotating-with-arrow" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
<p>The <a class="reference internal" href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.pyplot.annotate.html#matplotlib.pyplot.annotate" title="matplotlib.pyplot.annotate"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">annotate()</span></code></a> function in the pyplot module
(or annotate method of the Axes class) is used to draw an arrow
connecting two points on the plot.</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="n">ax</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">annotate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">"Annotation"</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="n">xy</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">x1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">y1</span><span class="p">),</span> <span class="n">xycoords</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s1">'data'</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="n">xytext</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">x2</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">y2</span><span class="p">),</span> <span class="n">textcoords</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s1">'offset points'</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>This annotates a point at <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">xy</span></code> in the given coordinate (<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">xycoords</span></code>)
with the text at <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">xytext</span></code> given in <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">textcoords</span></code>. Often, the
annotated point is specified in the <em>data</em> coordinate and the annotating
text in <em>offset points</em>.
See <a class="reference internal" href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.pyplot.annotate.html#matplotlib.pyplot.annotate" title="matplotlib.pyplot.annotate"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">annotate()</span></code></a> for available coordinate systems.</p>
<p>An arrow connecting two points (xy & xytext) can be optionally drawn by
specifying the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">arrowprops</span></code> argument. To draw only an arrow, use
empty string as the first argument.</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="n">ax</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">annotate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">""</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="n">xy</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mf">0.2</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mf">0.2</span><span class="p">),</span> <span class="n">xycoords</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s1">'data'</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="n">xytext</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mf">0.8</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mf">0.8</span><span class="p">),</span> <span class="n">textcoords</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s1">'data'</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="n">arrowprops</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="nb">dict</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">arrowstyle</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">"->"</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="n">connectionstyle</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">"arc3"</span><span class="p">),</span>
<span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<div class="figure align-center" id="id5">
<a class="reference external image-reference" href="../../gallery/userdemo/annotate_simple01.html"><img alt="../../_images/sphx_glr_annotate_simple01_0011.png" src="../../_images/sphx_glr_annotate_simple01_0011.png" style="width: 150.0px; height: 150.0px;" /></a>
<p class="caption"><span class="caption-text">Annotate Simple01</span></p>
</div>
<p>The arrow drawing takes a few steps.</p>
<ol class="arabic simple">
<li>a connecting path between two points are created. This is
controlled by <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">connectionstyle</span></code> key value.</li>
<li>If patch object is given (<em>patchA</em> & <em>patchB</em>), the path is clipped to
avoid the patch.</li>
<li>The path is further shrunk by given amount of pixels (<em>shrinkA</em>
& <em>shrinkB</em>)</li>
<li>The path is transmuted to arrow patch, which is controlled by the
<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">arrowstyle</span></code> key value.</li>
</ol>
<div class="figure align-center" id="id6">
<a class="reference external image-reference" href="../../gallery/userdemo/annotate_explain.html"><img alt="../../_images/sphx_glr_annotate_explain_0011.png" src="../../_images/sphx_glr_annotate_explain_0011.png" style="width: 320.0px; height: 240.0px;" /></a>
<p class="caption"><span class="caption-text">Annotate Explain</span></p>
</div>
<p>The creation of the connecting path between two points is controlled by
<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">connectionstyle</span></code> key and the following styles are available.</p>
<blockquote>
<div><table border="1" class="docutils">
<colgroup>
<col width="18%" />
<col width="82%" />
</colgroup>
<thead valign="bottom">
<tr class="row-odd"><th class="head">Name</th>
<th class="head">Attrs</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody valign="top">
<tr class="row-even"><td><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">angle</span></code></td>
<td>angleA=90,angleB=0,rad=0.0</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">angle3</span></code></td>
<td>angleA=90,angleB=0</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">arc</span></code></td>
<td>angleA=0,angleB=0,armA=None,armB=None,rad=0.0</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">arc3</span></code></td>
<td>rad=0.0</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">bar</span></code></td>
<td>armA=0.0,armB=0.0,fraction=0.3,angle=None</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div></blockquote>
<p>Note that "3" in <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">angle3</span></code> and <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">arc3</span></code> is meant to indicate that the
resulting path is a quadratic spline segment (three control
points). As will be discussed below, some arrow style options can only
be used when the connecting path is a quadratic spline.</p>
<p>The behavior of each connection style is (limitedly) demonstrated in the
example below. (Warning : The behavior of the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">bar</span></code> style is currently not
well defined, it may be changed in the future).</p>
<div class="figure align-center" id="id7">
<a class="reference external image-reference" href="../../gallery/userdemo/connectionstyle_demo.html"><img alt="../../_images/sphx_glr_connectionstyle_demo_0011.png" src="../../_images/sphx_glr_connectionstyle_demo_0011.png" style="width: 400.0px; height: 240.0px;" /></a>
<p class="caption"><span class="caption-text">Connectionstyle Demo</span></p>
</div>
<p>The connecting path (after clipping and shrinking) is then mutated to
an arrow patch, according to the given <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">arrowstyle</span></code>.</p>
<blockquote>
<div><table border="1" class="docutils">
<colgroup>
<col width="18%" />
<col width="82%" />
</colgroup>
<thead valign="bottom">
<tr class="row-odd"><th class="head">Name</th>
<th class="head">Attrs</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody valign="top">
<tr class="row-even"><td><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">-</span></code></td>
<td>None</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">-></span></code></td>
<td>head_length=0.4,head_width=0.2</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">-[</span></code></td>
<td>widthB=1.0,lengthB=0.2,angleB=None</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">|-|</span></code></td>
<td>widthA=1.0,widthB=1.0</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">-|></span></code></td>
<td>head_length=0.4,head_width=0.2</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre"><-</span></code></td>
<td>head_length=0.4,head_width=0.2</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre"><-></span></code></td>
<td>head_length=0.4,head_width=0.2</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre"><|-</span></code></td>
<td>head_length=0.4,head_width=0.2</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre"><|-|></span></code></td>
<td>head_length=0.4,head_width=0.2</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">fancy</span></code></td>
<td>head_length=0.4,head_width=0.4,tail_width=0.4</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">simple</span></code></td>
<td>head_length=0.5,head_width=0.5,tail_width=0.2</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">wedge</span></code></td>
<td>tail_width=0.3,shrink_factor=0.5</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div></blockquote>
<div class="figure align-center" id="id8">
<a class="reference external image-reference" href="../../gallery/text_labels_and_annotations/fancyarrow_demo.html"><img alt="../../_images/sphx_glr_fancyarrow_demo_0011.png" src="../../_images/sphx_glr_fancyarrow_demo_0011.png" style="width: 266.5px; height: 250.0px;" /></a>
<p class="caption"><span class="caption-text">Fancyarrow Demo</span></p>
</div>
<p>Some arrowstyles only work with connection styles that generate a
quadratic-spline segment. They are <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">fancy</span></code>, <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">simple</span></code>, and <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">wedge</span></code>.
For these arrow styles, you must use the "angle3" or "arc3" connection
style.</p>
<p>If the annotation string is given, the patchA is set to the bbox patch
of the text by default.</p>
<div class="figure align-center" id="id9">
<a class="reference external image-reference" href="../../gallery/userdemo/annotate_simple02.html"><img alt="../../_images/sphx_glr_annotate_simple02_0011.png" src="../../_images/sphx_glr_annotate_simple02_0011.png" style="width: 150.0px; height: 150.0px;" /></a>
<p class="caption"><span class="caption-text">Annotate Simple02</span></p>
</div>
<p>As in the text command, a box around the text can be drawn using
the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">bbox</span></code> argument.</p>
<div class="figure align-center" id="id10">
<a class="reference external image-reference" href="../../gallery/userdemo/annotate_simple03.html"><img alt="../../_images/sphx_glr_annotate_simple03_0011.png" src="../../_images/sphx_glr_annotate_simple03_0011.png" style="width: 150.0px; height: 150.0px;" /></a>
<p class="caption"><span class="caption-text">Annotate Simple03</span></p>
</div>
<p>By default, the starting point is set to the center of the text
extent. This can be adjusted with <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">relpos</span></code> key value. The values
are normalized to the extent of the text. For example, (0,0) means
lower-left corner and (1,1) means top-right.</p>
<div class="figure align-center" id="id11">
<a class="reference external image-reference" href="../../gallery/userdemo/annotate_simple04.html"><img alt="../../_images/sphx_glr_annotate_simple04_0011.png" src="../../_images/sphx_glr_annotate_simple04_0011.png" style="width: 150.0px; height: 150.0px;" /></a>
<p class="caption"><span class="caption-text">Annotate Simple04</span></p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="placing-artist-at-the-anchored-location-of-the-axes">
<h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id28">Placing Artist at the anchored location of the Axes</a><a class="headerlink" href="#placing-artist-at-the-anchored-location-of-the-axes" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
<p>There are classes of artists that can be placed at an anchored location
in the Axes. A common example is the legend. This type of artist can
be created by using the OffsetBox class. A few predefined classes are
available in <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">mpl_toolkits.axes_grid1.anchored_artists</span></code> others in
<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">matplotlib.offsetbox</span></code></p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">matplotlib.offsetbox</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">AnchoredText</span>
<span class="n">at</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">AnchoredText</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">"Figure 1a"</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="n">prop</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="nb">dict</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">15</span><span class="p">),</span> <span class="n">frameon</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="kc">True</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="n">loc</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s1">'upper left'</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">at</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">patch</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">set_boxstyle</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">"round,pad=0.,rounding_size=0.2"</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">ax</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">add_artist</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">at</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<div class="figure align-center" id="id12">
<a class="reference external image-reference" href="../../gallery/userdemo/anchored_box01.html"><img alt="../../_images/sphx_glr_anchored_box01_0011.png" src="../../_images/sphx_glr_anchored_box01_0011.png" style="width: 150.0px; height: 150.0px;" /></a>
<p class="caption"><span class="caption-text">Anchored Box01</span></p>
</div>
<p>The <em>loc</em> keyword has same meaning as in the legend command.</p>
<p>A simple application is when the size of the artist (or collection of
artists) is known in pixel size during the time of creation. For
example, If you want to draw a circle with fixed size of 20 pixel x 20
pixel (radius = 10 pixel), you can utilize
<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">AnchoredDrawingArea</span></code>. The instance is created with a size of the
drawing area (in pixels), and arbitrary artists can added to the
drawing area. Note that the extents of the artists that are added to
the drawing area are not related to the placement of the drawing
area itself. Only the initial size matters.</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">mpl_toolkits.axes_grid1.anchored_artists</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">AnchoredDrawingArea</span>
<span class="n">ada</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">AnchoredDrawingArea</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">20</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">20</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="n">loc</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s1">'upper right'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">pad</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mf">0.</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">frameon</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="kc">False</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">p1</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">Circle</span><span class="p">((</span><span class="mi">10</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">10</span><span class="p">),</span> <span class="mi">10</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">ada</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">drawing_area</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">add_artist</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">p1</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">p2</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">Circle</span><span class="p">((</span><span class="mi">30</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">10</span><span class="p">),</span> <span class="mi">5</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">fc</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">"r"</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">ada</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">drawing_area</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">add_artist</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">p2</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>The artists that are added to the drawing area should not have a
transform set (it will be overridden) and the dimensions of those
artists are interpreted as a pixel coordinate, i.e., the radius of the
circles in above example are 10 pixels and 5 pixels, respectively.</p>
<div class="figure align-center" id="id13">
<a class="reference external image-reference" href="../../gallery/userdemo/anchored_box02.html"><img alt="../../_images/sphx_glr_anchored_box02_0011.png" src="../../_images/sphx_glr_anchored_box02_0011.png" style="width: 150.0px; height: 150.0px;" /></a>
<p class="caption"><span class="caption-text">Anchored Box02</span></p>
</div>
<p>Sometimes, you want your artists to scale with the data coordinate (or
coordinates other than canvas pixels). You can use
<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">AnchoredAuxTransformBox</span></code> class. This is similar to
<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">AnchoredDrawingArea</span></code> except that the extent of the artist is
determined during the drawing time respecting the specified transform.</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">mpl_toolkits.axes_grid1.anchored_artists</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">AnchoredAuxTransformBox</span>
<span class="n">box</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">AnchoredAuxTransformBox</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">ax</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">transData</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">loc</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s1">'upper left'</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">el</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">Ellipse</span><span class="p">((</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">),</span> <span class="n">width</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mf">0.1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">height</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mf">0.4</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">angle</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">30</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="c1"># in data coordinates!</span>
<span class="n">box</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">drawing_area</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">add_artist</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">el</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>The ellipse in the above example will have width and height
corresponding to 0.1 and 0.4 in data coordinates and will be
automatically scaled when the view limits of the axes change.</p>
<div class="figure align-center" id="id14">
<a class="reference external image-reference" href="../../gallery/userdemo/anchored_box03.html"><img alt="../../_images/sphx_glr_anchored_box03_0011.png" src="../../_images/sphx_glr_anchored_box03_0011.png" style="width: 150.0px; height: 150.0px;" /></a>
<p class="caption"><span class="caption-text">Anchored Box03</span></p>
</div>
<p>As in the legend, the bbox_to_anchor argument can be set. Using the
HPacker and VPacker, you can have an arrangement(?) of artist as in the
legend (as a matter of fact, this is how the legend is created).</p>
<div class="figure align-center" id="id15">
<a class="reference external image-reference" href="../../gallery/userdemo/anchored_box04.html"><img alt="../../_images/sphx_glr_anchored_box04_0011.png" src="../../_images/sphx_glr_anchored_box04_0011.png" style="width: 150.0px; height: 150.0px;" /></a>
<p class="caption"><span class="caption-text">Anchored Box04</span></p>
</div>
<p>Note that unlike the legend, the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">bbox_transform</span></code> is set
to IdentityTransform by default.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="using-complex-coordinates-with-annotations">
<h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id29">Using Complex Coordinates with Annotations</a><a class="headerlink" href="#using-complex-coordinates-with-annotations" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
<p>The Annotation in matplotlib supports several types of coordinates as
described in <a class="reference internal" href="#annotations-tutorial"><span class="std std-ref">Basic annotation</span></a>. For an advanced user who wants
more control, it supports a few other options.</p>
<blockquote>
<div><ol class="arabic">
<li><p class="first"><a class="reference internal" href="../../api/transformations.html#matplotlib.transforms.Transform" title="matplotlib.transforms.Transform"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Transform</span></code></a> instance. For example,</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="n">ax</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">annotate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">"Test"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">xy</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mf">0.5</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mf">0.5</span><span class="p">),</span> <span class="n">xycoords</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">ax</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">transAxes</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>is identical to</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="n">ax</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">annotate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">"Test"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">xy</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mf">0.5</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mf">0.5</span><span class="p">),</span> <span class="n">xycoords</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">"axes fraction"</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>With this, you can annotate a point in other axes.</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="n">ax1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">ax2</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">subplot</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">121</span><span class="p">),</span> <span class="n">subplot</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">122</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">ax2</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">annotate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">"Test"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">xy</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mf">0.5</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mf">0.5</span><span class="p">),</span> <span class="n">xycoords</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">ax1</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">transData</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="n">xytext</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mf">0.5</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mf">0.5</span><span class="p">),</span> <span class="n">textcoords</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">ax2</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">transData</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="n">arrowprops</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="nb">dict</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">arrowstyle</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">"->"</span><span class="p">))</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
</li>
<li><p class="first"><a class="reference internal" href="../../api/artist_api.html#matplotlib.artist.Artist" title="matplotlib.artist.Artist"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Artist</span></code></a> instance. The xy value (or
xytext) is interpreted as a fractional coordinate of the bbox
(return value of <em>get_window_extent</em>) of the artist.</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="n">an1</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">ax</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">annotate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">"Test 1"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">xy</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mf">0.5</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mf">0.5</span><span class="p">),</span> <span class="n">xycoords</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">"data"</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="n">va</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">"center"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">ha</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">"center"</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="n">bbox</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="nb">dict</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">boxstyle</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">"round"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">fc</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">"w"</span><span class="p">))</span>
<span class="n">an2</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">ax</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">annotate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">"Test 2"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">xy</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mf">0.5</span><span class="p">),</span> <span class="n">xycoords</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">an1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="c1"># (1,0.5) of the an1's bbox</span>
<span class="n">xytext</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">30</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">),</span> <span class="n">textcoords</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">"offset points"</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="n">va</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">"center"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">ha</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">"left"</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="n">bbox</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="nb">dict</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">boxstyle</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">"round"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">fc</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">"w"</span><span class="p">),</span>
<span class="n">arrowprops</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="nb">dict</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">arrowstyle</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">"->"</span><span class="p">))</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<div class="figure align-center" id="id16">
<a class="reference external image-reference" href="../../gallery/userdemo/annotate_simple_coord01.html"><img alt="../../_images/sphx_glr_annotate_simple_coord01_0011.png" src="../../_images/sphx_glr_annotate_simple_coord01_0011.png" style="width: 150.0px; height: 100.0px;" /></a>
<p class="caption"><span class="caption-text">Annotation with Simple Coordinates</span></p>
</div>
<p>Note that it is your responsibility that the extent of the
coordinate artist (<em>an1</em> in above example) is determined before <em>an2</em>
gets drawn. In most cases, it means that <em>an2</em> needs to be drawn
later than <em>an1</em>.</p>
</li>
<li><p class="first">A callable object that returns an instance of either
<a class="reference internal" href="../../api/transformations.html#matplotlib.transforms.BboxBase" title="matplotlib.transforms.BboxBase"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">BboxBase</span></code></a> or
<a class="reference internal" href="../../api/transformations.html#matplotlib.transforms.Transform" title="matplotlib.transforms.Transform"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Transform</span></code></a>. If a transform is
returned, it is the same as 1 and if a bbox is returned, it is the same
as 2. The callable object should take a single argument of the
renderer instance. For example, the following two commands give
identical results</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="n">an2</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">ax</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">annotate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">"Test 2"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">xy</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mf">0.5</span><span class="p">),</span> <span class="n">xycoords</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">an1</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="n">xytext</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">30</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">),</span> <span class="n">textcoords</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">"offset points"</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">an2</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">ax</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">annotate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">"Test 2"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">xy</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mf">0.5</span><span class="p">),</span> <span class="n">xycoords</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">an1</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">get_window_extent</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="n">xytext</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">30</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">),</span> <span class="n">textcoords</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">"offset points"</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
</li>
<li><p class="first">A tuple of two coordinate specifications. The first item is for the
x-coordinate and the second is for the y-coordinate. For example,</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="n">annotate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">"Test"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">xy</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mf">0.5</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">),</span> <span class="n">xycoords</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">"data"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s2">"axes fraction"</span><span class="p">))</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>0.5 is in data coordinates, and 1 is in normalized axes coordinates.
You may use an artist or transform as with a tuple. For example,</p>
<div class="figure align-center" id="id17">
<a class="reference external image-reference" href="../../gallery/userdemo/annotate_simple_coord02.html"><img alt="../../_images/sphx_glr_annotate_simple_coord02_0011.png" src="../../_images/sphx_glr_annotate_simple_coord02_0011.png" style="width: 150.0px; height: 100.0px;" /></a>
<p class="caption"><span class="caption-text">Annotation with Simple Coordinates 2</span></p>
</div>
</li>
<li><p class="first">Sometimes, you want your annotation with some "offset points", not from the
annotated point but from some other point.
<a class="reference internal" href="../../api/text_api.html#matplotlib.text.OffsetFrom" title="matplotlib.text.OffsetFrom"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">OffsetFrom</span></code></a> is a helper class for such cases.</p>
<div class="figure align-center" id="id18">
<a class="reference external image-reference" href="../../gallery/userdemo/annotate_simple_coord03.html"><img alt="../../_images/sphx_glr_annotate_simple_coord03_0011.png" src="../../_images/sphx_glr_annotate_simple_coord03_0011.png" style="width: 150.0px; height: 100.0px;" /></a>
<p class="caption"><span class="caption-text">Annotation with Simple Coordinates 3</span></p>
</div>
<p>You may take a look at this example
<a class="reference internal" href="../../gallery/text_labels_and_annotations/annotation_demo.html"><span class="doc">Annotating Plots</span></a>.</p>
</li>
</ol>
</div></blockquote>
</div>
<div class="section" id="using-connectionpatch">
<h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id30">Using ConnectionPatch</a><a class="headerlink" href="#using-connectionpatch" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
<p>The ConnectionPatch is like an annotation without text. While the annotate
function is recommended in most situations, the ConnectionPatch is useful when
you want to connect points in different axes.</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">matplotlib.patches</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">ConnectionPatch</span>
<span class="n">xy</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="mf">0.2</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mf">0.2</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">con</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">ConnectionPatch</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">xyA</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">xy</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">xyB</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">xy</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">coordsA</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">"data"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">coordsB</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">"data"</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="n">axesA</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">ax1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">axesB</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">ax2</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">ax2</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">add_artist</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">con</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>The above code connects point xy in the data coordinates of <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ax1</span></code> to
point xy in the data coordinates of <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ax2</span></code>. Here is a simple example.</p>
<div class="figure align-center" id="id19">
<a class="reference external image-reference" href="../../gallery/userdemo/connect_simple01.html"><img alt="../../_images/sphx_glr_connect_simple01_0011.png" src="../../_images/sphx_glr_connect_simple01_0011.png" style="width: 300.0px; height: 150.0px;" /></a>
<p class="caption"><span class="caption-text">Connect Simple01</span></p>
</div>
<p>While the ConnectionPatch instance can be added to any axes, you may want to add
it to the axes that is latest in drawing order to prevent overlap by other
axes.</p>
<div class="section" id="advanced-topics">
<h3><a class="toc-backref" href="#id31">Advanced Topics</a><a class="headerlink" href="#advanced-topics" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="zoom-effect-between-axes">
<h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id32">Zoom effect between Axes</a><a class="headerlink" href="#zoom-effect-between-axes" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
<p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">mpl_toolkits.axes_grid1.inset_locator</span></code> defines some patch classes useful
for interconnecting two axes. Understanding the code requires some
knowledge of how mpl's transform works. But, utilizing it will be
straight forward.</p>
<div class="figure align-center" id="id20">
<a class="reference external image-reference" href="../../gallery/subplots_axes_and_figures/axes_zoom_effect.html"><img alt="../../_images/sphx_glr_axes_zoom_effect_0011.png" src="../../_images/sphx_glr_axes_zoom_effect_0011.png" style="width: 250.0px; height: 250.0px;" /></a>
<p class="caption"><span class="caption-text">Axes Zoom Effect</span></p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="define-custom-boxstyle">
<h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id33">Define Custom BoxStyle</a><a class="headerlink" href="#define-custom-boxstyle" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
<p>You can use a custom box style. The value for the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">boxstyle</span></code> can be a
callable object in the following forms.:</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="k">def</span> <span class="fm">__call__</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">x0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">y0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">width</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">height</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">mutation_size</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="n">aspect_ratio</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mf">1.</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="sd">'''</span>
<span class="sd"> Given the location and size of the box, return the path of</span>
<span class="sd"> the box around it.</span>
<span class="sd"> - *x0*, *y0*, *width*, *height* : location and size of the box</span>
<span class="sd"> - *mutation_size* : a reference scale for the mutation.</span>
<span class="sd"> - *aspect_ratio* : aspect-ratio for the mutation.</span>
<span class="sd"> '''</span>
<span class="n">path</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="o">...</span>
<span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">path</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>Here is a complete example.</p>
<div class="figure align-center" id="id21">
<a class="reference external image-reference" href="../../gallery/userdemo/custom_boxstyle01.html"><img alt="../../_images/sphx_glr_custom_boxstyle01_0011.png" src="../../_images/sphx_glr_custom_boxstyle01_0011.png" style="width: 150.0px; height: 150.0px;" /></a>
<p class="caption"><span class="caption-text">Custom Boxstyle01</span></p>
</div>
<p>However, it is recommended that you derive from the
matplotlib.patches.BoxStyle._Base as demonstrated below.</p>
<div class="figure align-center" id="id22">
<a class="reference external image-reference" href="../../gallery/userdemo/custom_boxstyle02.html"><img alt="../../_images/sphx_glr_custom_boxstyle02_0011.png" src="../../_images/sphx_glr_custom_boxstyle02_0011.png" style="width: 150.0px; height: 150.0px;" /></a>
<p class="caption"><span class="caption-text">Custom Boxstyle02</span></p>
</div>
<p>Similarly, you can define a custom ConnectionStyle and a custom ArrowStyle.
See the source code of <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">lib/matplotlib/patches.py</span></code> and check
how each style class is defined.</p>
<div class="sphx-glr-footer class sphx-glr-footer-example docutils container" id="sphx-glr-download-tutorials-text-annotations-py">
<div class="sphx-glr-download docutils container">
<a class="reference download internal" download="" href="../../_downloads/2a8e2d186fdc5171d92466696da01f56/annotations.py"><code class="xref download docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Download</span> <span class="pre">Python</span> <span class="pre">source</span> <span class="pre">code:</span> <span class="pre">annotations.py</span></code></a></div>
<div class="sphx-glr-download docutils container">
<a class="reference download internal" download="" href="../../_downloads/36ac9dd1191bb773ca286a7d55fd72bc/annotations.ipynb"><code class="xref download docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Download</span> <span class="pre">Jupyter</span> <span class="pre">notebook:</span> <span class="pre">annotations.ipynb</span></code></a></div>
</div>
<p class="sphx-glr-signature">Keywords: matplotlib code example, codex, python plot, pyplot
<a class="reference external" href="https://sphinx-gallery.readthedocs.io">Gallery generated by Sphinx-Gallery</a></p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="clearer"></div>
</div>
<div class="footer">
© Copyright 2002 - 2012 John Hunter, Darren Dale, Eric Firing, Michael Droettboom and the Matplotlib development team; 2012 - 2018 The Matplotlib development team.
<br />
Last updated on Jan 05, 2020.
Created using
<a href="http://sphinx-doc.org/">Sphinx</a> 1.8.5.
Doc version v3.1.1-79-g90d53b526.
</div>
</body>
<footer>
</footer>
</html>
You can’t perform that action at this time.