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#!/usr/bin/env python3

"""

Build a half-adder quantum circuit that takes two bits as input,

encodes them into qubits, then runs the half-adder circuit calculating

the sum and carry qubits, observed over 1000 runs of the experiment

.

References:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adder_(electronics)

https://qiskit.org/textbook/ch-states/atoms-computation.html#4.2-Remembering-how-to-add-

"""

import qiskit as q

def half_adder(bit0: int, bit1: int) -> q.result.counts.Counts:

"""

>>> half_adder(0, 0)

{'00': 1000}

>>> half_adder(0, 1)

{'01': 1000}

>>> half_adder(1, 0)

{'01': 1000}

>>> half_adder(1, 1)

{'10': 1000}

"""

# Use Aer's qasm_simulator

simulator = q.Aer.get_backend("qasm_simulator")

qc_ha = q.QuantumCircuit(4, 2)

# encode inputs in qubits 0 and 1

if bit0 == 1:

qc_ha.x(0)

if bit1 == 1:

qc_ha.x(1)

qc_ha.barrier()

# use cnots to write XOR of the inputs on qubit2

qc_ha.cx(0, 2)

qc_ha.cx(1, 2)

# use ccx / toffoli gate to write AND of the inputs on qubit3

qc_ha.ccx(0, 1, 3)

qc_ha.barrier()

# extract outputs

qc_ha.measure(2, 0) # extract XOR value

qc_ha.measure(3, 1) # extract AND value

# Execute the circuit on the qasm simulator

job = q.execute(qc_ha, simulator, shots=1000)

# Return the histogram data of the results of the experiment.

return job.result().get_counts(qc_ha)

if __name__ == "__main__":

counts = half_adder(1, 1)

print(f"Half Adder Output Qubit Counts: {counts}")