iframe-proxy | Sunbelt Computer Software

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//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// The root function to paint our graphics window, after setting up all the
// views and such appropriately. Also contains all the stuff to manage the
// selection.
// Copyright 2008-2013 Jonathan Westhues.
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
#include "solvespace.h"
namespace SolveSpace {
bool GraphicsWindow::Selection::Equals(Selection *b) {
    if(entity     != b->entity)     return false;
    if(constraint != b->constraint) return false;
    return true;
bool GraphicsWindow::Selection::IsEmpty() {
    if(entity.v)        return false;
    if(constraint.v)    return false;
    return true;
bool GraphicsWindow::Selection::HasEndpoints() {
    if(!entity.v) return false;
    Entity *e = SK.GetEntity(entity);
    return e->HasEndpoints();
void GraphicsWindow::Selection::Clear() {
    entity.v = constraint.v = 0;
    emphasized = false;
void GraphicsWindow::Selection::Draw(bool isHovered, Canvas *canvas) {
    const Camera &camera = canvas->GetCamera();
    std::vector<Vector> refs;
    if(entity.v) {
        Entity *e = SK.GetEntity(entity);
        e->Draw(isHovered ? Entity::DrawAs::HOVERED :
                            Entity::DrawAs::SELECTED,
                canvas);
        if(emphasized) {
            e->GetReferencePoints(&refs);
    if(constraint.v) {
        Constraint *c = SK.GetConstraint(constraint);
        c->Draw(isHovered ? Constraint::DrawAs::HOVERED :
                            Constraint::DrawAs::SELECTED,
                canvas);
        if(emphasized) {
            c->GetReferencePoints(camera, &refs);
    if(emphasized && (constraint.v || entity.v)) {
        // We want to emphasize this constraint or entity, by drawing a thick
        // line from the top left corner of the screen to the reference point(s)
        // of that entity or constraint.
        Canvas::Stroke strokeEmphasis = {};
        strokeEmphasis.layer  = Canvas::Layer::FRONT;
        strokeEmphasis.color  = Style::Color(Style::HOVERED).WithAlpha(50);
        strokeEmphasis.width  = 40;
        strokeEmphasis.unit   = Canvas::Unit::PX;
        Canvas::hStroke hcsEmphasis = canvas->GetStroke(strokeEmphasis);
        Point2d topLeftScreen;
        topLeftScreen.x = -(double)camera.width / 2;
        topLeftScreen.y = (double)camera.height / 2;
        Vector topLeft = camera.UnProjectPoint(topLeftScreen);
        auto it = std::unique(refs.begin(), refs.end(),
                              [](const Vector &a, const Vector &b) { return a.Equals(b); });
        refs.erase(it, refs.end());
        for(const Vector &p : refs) {
            canvas->DrawLine(topLeft, p, hcsEmphasis);
void GraphicsWindow::ClearSelection() {
    selection.Clear();
    SS.ScheduleShowTW();
    Invalidate();
void GraphicsWindow::ClearNonexistentSelectionItems() {
    bool change = false;
    Selection *s;
    selection.ClearTags();
    for(s = selection.First(); s; s = selection.NextAfter(s)) {
        if(s->constraint.v && !(SK.constraint.FindByIdNoOops(s->constraint))) {
            s->tag = 1;
            change = true;
        if(s->entity.v && !(SK.entity.FindByIdNoOops(s->entity))) {
            s->tag = 1;
            change = true;
    selection.RemoveTagged();
    if(change) Invalidate();
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Is this entity/constraint selected?
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
bool GraphicsWindow::IsSelected(hEntity he) {
    Selection s = {};
    s.entity = he;
    return IsSelected(&s);
bool GraphicsWindow::IsSelected(Selection *st) {
    Selection *s;
    for(s = selection.First(); s; s = selection.NextAfter(s)) {
        if(s->Equals(st)) {
            return true;
    return false;
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Unselect an item, if it is selected. We can either unselect just that item,
// or also unselect any coincident points. The latter is useful if the user
// somehow selects two coincident points (like with select all), because it
// would otherwise be impossible to de-select the lower of the two.
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
void GraphicsWindow::MakeUnselected(hEntity he, bool coincidentPointTrick) {
    Selection stog = {};
    stog.entity = he;
    MakeUnselected(&stog, coincidentPointTrick);
void GraphicsWindow::MakeUnselected(Selection *stog, bool coincidentPointTrick){
    if(stog->IsEmpty()) return;
    Selection *s;
    // If an item was selected, then we just un-select it.
    selection.ClearTags();
    for(s = selection.First(); s; s = selection.NextAfter(s)) {
        if(s->Equals(stog)) {
            s->tag = 1;
    // If two points are coincident, then it's impossible to hover one of
    // them. But make sure to deselect both, to avoid mysterious seeming
    // inability to deselect if the bottom one did somehow get selected.
    if(stog->entity.v && coincidentPointTrick) {
        Entity *e = SK.GetEntity(stog->entity);
        if(e->IsPoint()) {
            Vector ep = e->PointGetNum();
            for(s = selection.First(); s; s = selection.NextAfter(s)) {
                if(!s->entity.v) continue;
                if(s->entity == stog->entity)
                    continue;
                Entity *se = SK.GetEntity(s->entity);
                if(!se->IsPoint()) continue;
                if(ep.Equals(se->PointGetNum())) {
                    s->tag = 1;
    selection.RemoveTagged();
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Select an item, if it isn't selected already.
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
void GraphicsWindow::MakeSelected(hEntity he) {
    Selection stog = {};
    stog.entity = he;
    MakeSelected(&stog);
void GraphicsWindow::MakeSelected(hConstraint hc) {
    Selection stog = {};
    stog.constraint = hc;
    MakeSelected(&stog);
void GraphicsWindow::MakeSelected(Selection *stog) {
    if(stog->IsEmpty()) return;
    if(IsSelected(stog)) return;
    if(stog->entity.v != 0 && SK.GetEntity(stog->entity)->IsFace()) {
        // In the interest of speed for the triangle drawing code,
        // only MAX_SELECTABLE_FACES faces may be selected at a time.
        unsigned int c = 0;
        Selection *s;
        selection.ClearTags();
        for(s = selection.First(); s; s = selection.NextAfter(s)) {
            hEntity he = s->entity;
            if(he.v != 0 && SK.GetEntity(he)->IsFace()) {
                // See also GraphicsWindow::GroupSelection "if(e->IsFace())"
                // and Group::DrawMesh "case DrawMeshAs::SELECTED:"
                if(c >= MAX_SELECTABLE_FACES) s->tag = 1;
        selection.RemoveTagged();
    selection.Add(stog);
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Select everything that lies within the marquee view-aligned rectangle.
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
void GraphicsWindow::SelectByMarquee() {
    Point2d marqueePoint = ProjectPoint(orig.marqueePoint);
    BBox marqueeBBox = BBox::From(Vector::From(marqueePoint.x, marqueePoint.y, VERY_NEGATIVE),
                                  Vector::From(orig.mouse.x,   orig.mouse.y,   VERY_POSITIVE));
    for(Entity &e : SK.entity) {
        if(e.group != SS.GW.activeGroup) continue;
        if(e.IsFace() || e.IsDistance()) continue;
        if(!e.IsVisible()) continue;
        bool entityHasBBox;
        BBox entityBBox = e.GetOrGenerateScreenBBox(&entityHasBBox);
        if(entityHasBBox && entityBBox.Overlaps(marqueeBBox)) {
            if(e.type == Entity::Type::LINE_SEGMENT) {
                Vector p0 = SS.GW.ProjectPoint3(e.EndpointStart());
                Vector p1 = SS.GW.ProjectPoint3(e.EndpointFinish());
                if((!marqueeBBox.Contains({p0.x, p0.y}, 0)) &&
                   (!marqueeBBox.Contains({p1.x, p1.y}, 0))) {
                    // The selection marquee does not contain either of the line segment end points.
                    // This means that either the segment is entirely outside the marquee or that
                    // it intersects it. Check if it does...
                    if(!Vector::BoundingBoxIntersectsLine(marqueeBBox.maxp, marqueeBBox.minp, p0,
                        // ... it does not so it is outside.
                        continue;
            MakeSelected(e.h);
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Sort the selection according to various criteria: the entities and
// constraints separately, counts of certain types of entities (circles,
// lines, etc.), and so on.
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
void GraphicsWindow::GroupSelection() {
    gs = {};
    for(i = 0; i < selection.n; i++) {
        Selection *s = &(selection[i]);
        if(s->entity.v) {
            (gs.n)++;
            Entity *e = SK.entity.FindById(s->entity);
            if(e->IsStylable()) gs.stylables++;
            // A list of points, and a list of all entities that aren't points.
            if(e->IsPoint()) {
                gs.points++;
                gs.point.push_back(s->entity);
            } else {
                gs.entities++;
                gs.entity.push_back(s->entity);
            // And an auxiliary list of normals, including normals from
            // workplanes.
            if(e->IsNormal()) {
                gs.anyNormals++;
                gs.anyNormal.push_back(s->entity);
            } else if(e->IsWorkplane()) {
                gs.anyNormals++;
                gs.anyNormal.push_back(e->Normal()->h);
            // And of vectors (i.e., stuff with a direction to constrain)
            if(e->HasVector()) {
                gs.vectors++;
                gs.vector.push_back(s->entity);
            // Faces (which are special, associated/drawn with triangles)
            if(e->IsFace()) {
                gs.faces++;
                gs.face.push_back(s->entity);
            if(e->HasEndpoints()) {
                (gs.withEndpoints)++;
            // And some aux counts too
            switch(e->type) {
                case Entity::Type::WORKPLANE:      (gs.workplanes)++; break;
                case Entity::Type::LINE_SEGMENT:   (gs.lineSegments)++; break;
                case Entity::Type::CUBIC:          (gs.cubics)++; break;
                case Entity::Type::CUBIC_PERIODIC: (gs.periodicCubics)++; break;
                case Entity::Type::ARC_OF_CIRCLE:
                    (gs.circlesOrArcs)++;
                    (gs.arcs)++;
                    break;
                case Entity::Type::CIRCLE:         (gs.circlesOrArcs)++; break;
                default: break;
        if(s->constraint.v) {
            gs.constraints++;
            gs.constraint.push_back(s->constraint);
            Constraint *c = SK.GetConstraint(s->constraint);
            if(c->IsStylable()) gs.stylables++;
            if(c->HasLabel()) gs.constraintLabels++;
Camera GraphicsWindow::GetCamera() const {
    Camera camera = {};
    if(window) {
        window->GetContentSize(&camera.width, &camera.height);
        camera.pixelRatio = window->GetDevicePixelRatio();
        camera.gridFit    = (window->GetDevicePixelRatio() == 1);
    } else {    // solvespace-cli
        camera.width = 297.0;   // A4? Whatever...
        camera.height = 210.0;
        camera.pixelRatio = 1.0;
        camera.gridFit    = camera.pixelRatio == 1.0;
    camera.offset     = offset;
    camera.projUp     = projUp;
    camera.projRight  = projRight;
    camera.scale      = scale;
    camera.tangent    = SS.CameraTangent();
    return camera;
Lighting GraphicsWindow::GetLighting() const {
    Lighting lighting = {};
    lighting.backgroundColor   = SS.backgroundColor;
    lighting.ambientIntensity  = SS.ambientIntensity;
    lighting.lightIntensity[0] = SS.lightIntensity[0];
    lighting.lightIntensity[1] = SS.lightIntensity[1];
    lighting.lightDirection[0] = SS.lightDir[0];
    lighting.lightDirection[1] = SS.lightDir[1];
    return lighting;
GraphicsWindow::Selection GraphicsWindow::ChooseFromHoverToSelect() {
    Selection sel = {};
    if(hoverList.IsEmpty())
        return sel;
    Group *activeGroup = SK.GetGroup(SS.GW.activeGroup);
    int bestOrder = -1;
    int bestZIndex = 0;
    double bestDepth = VERY_POSITIVE;
    for(const Hover &hov : hoverList) {
        hGroup hg = {};
        if(hov.selection.entity.v != 0) {
            hg = SK.GetEntity(hov.selection.entity)->group;
        } else if(hov.selection.constraint.v != 0) {
            hg = SK.GetConstraint(hov.selection.constraint)->group;
        Group *g = SK.GetGroup(hg);
        if(g->order > activeGroup->order) continue;
        if(bestOrder != -1 && (bestOrder > g->order || bestZIndex > hov.zIndex)) continue;
        // we have hov.zIndex is >= best and hov.group is >= best (but not > active group)
        if(hov.depth > bestDepth && bestOrder == g->order && bestZIndex == hov.zIndex) continue;
        bestOrder  = g->order;
        bestZIndex = hov.zIndex;
        bestDepth = hov.depth;
        sel = hov.selection;
    return sel;
// This uses the same logic as hovering and static entity selection
// but ignores points known not to be draggable
GraphicsWindow::Selection GraphicsWindow::ChooseFromHoverToDrag() {
    Selection sel = {};
    if(hoverList.IsEmpty())
        return sel;
    Group *activeGroup = SK.GetGroup(SS.GW.activeGroup);
    int bestOrder = -1;
    int bestZIndex = 0;
    double bestDepth = VERY_POSITIVE;
    for(const Hover &hov : hoverList) {
        hGroup hg = {};
        if(hov.selection.entity.v != 0) {
            Entity *e = SK.GetEntity(hov.selection.entity);
            if (!e->CanBeDragged()) continue;
            hg = e->group;
        } else if(hov.selection.constraint.v != 0) {
            hg = SK.GetConstraint(hov.selection.constraint)->group;
        Group *g = SK.GetGroup(hg);
        if(g->order > activeGroup->order) continue;
        if(bestOrder != -1 && (bestOrder > g->order || bestZIndex > hov.zIndex)) continue;
        // we have hov.zIndex is >= best and hov.group is >= best (but not > active group)
        if(hov.depth > bestDepth && bestOrder == g->order && bestZIndex == hov.zIndex) continue;
        bestOrder  = g->order;
        bestZIndex = hov.zIndex;
        sel = hov.selection;
    return sel;
void GraphicsWindow::HitTestMakeSelection(Point2d mp) {
    hoverList = {};
    Selection sel = {};
    // Did the view projection change? If so, invalidate bounding boxes.
    if(!offset.EqualsExactly(cached.offset) ||
           !projRight.EqualsExactly(cached.projRight) ||
           !projUp.EqualsExactly(cached.projUp) ||
           EXACT(scale != cached.scale)) {
        cached.offset = offset;
        cached.projRight = projRight;
        cached.projUp = projUp;
        cached.scale = scale;
        for(Entity &e : SK.entity) {
            e.screenBBoxValid = false;
    ObjectPicker canvas = {};
    canvas.camera    = GetCamera();
    canvas.selRadius = 10.0;
    canvas.point     = mp;
    canvas.maxZIndex = -1;
    // Always do the entities; we might be dragging something that should
    // be auto-constrained, and we need the hover for that.
    for(Entity &e : SK.entity) {
        if(!e.IsVisible()) continue;
        // If faces aren't selectable, image entities aren't either.
        if(e.type == Entity::Type::IMAGE && !showFaces) continue;
        // Don't hover whatever's being dragged.
        if(IsFromPending(e.h.request())) {
            // The one exception is when we're creating a new cubic; we
            // want to be able to hover the first point, because that's
            // how we turn it into a periodic spline.
            if(!e.IsPoint()) continue;
            if(!e.h.isFromRequest()) continue;
            Request *r = SK.GetRequest(e.h.request());
            if(r->type != Request::Type::CUBIC) continue;
            if(r->extraPoints < 2) continue;
            if(e.h.v != r->h.entity(1).v) continue;
        if(canvas.Pick([&]{ e.Draw(Entity::DrawAs::DEFAULT, &canvas); })) {
            Hover hov = {};
            hov.distance = canvas.minDistance;
            hov.zIndex   = canvas.maxZIndex;
            hov.depth    = canvas.minDepth;
            hov.selection.entity = e.h;
            hoverList.Add(&hov);
    // The constraints and faces happen only when nothing's in progress.
    if(pending.operation == Pending::NONE) {
        // Constraints
        for(Constraint &c : SK.constraint) {
            if(canvas.Pick([&]{ c.Draw(Constraint::DrawAs::DEFAULT, &canvas); })) {
                Hover hov = {};
                hov.distance = canvas.minDistance;
                hov.zIndex   = canvas.maxZIndex;
                hov.selection.constraint = c.h;
                hoverList.Add(&hov);
    std::sort(hoverList.begin(), hoverList.end(),
        [](const Hover &a, const Hover &b) {
            if(a.zIndex == b.zIndex) return a.distance < b.distance;
            return a.zIndex > b.zIndex;
        });
    sel = ChooseFromHoverToSelect();
    if(pending.operation == Pending::NONE) {
        // Faces, from the triangle mesh; these are lowest priority
        if(sel.constraint.v == 0 && sel.entity.v == 0 && showShaded && showFaces) {
            Group *g = SK.GetGroup(activeGroup);
            SMesh *m = &(g->displayMesh);
            uint32_t v = m->FirstIntersectionWith(mp);
            if(v) {
                sel.entity.v = v;
                Hover hov = {};
                hov.selection = sel;
                hoverList.Add(&hov);
    canvas.Clear();
    if(!sel.Equals(&hover)) {
        hover = sel;
        Invalidate();
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Project a point in model space to screen space, exactly as gl would; return
// units are pixels.
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Point2d GraphicsWindow::ProjectPoint(Vector p) {
    Vector p3 = ProjectPoint3(p);
    Point2d p2 = { p3.x, p3.y };
    return p2;
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Project a point in model space to screen space, exactly as gl would; return
// units are pixels. The z coordinate is also returned, also in pixels.
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Vector GraphicsWindow::ProjectPoint3(Vector p) {
    double w;
    Vector r = ProjectPoint4(p, &w);
    return r.ScaledBy(scale/w);
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Project a point in model space halfway into screen space. The scale is
// not applied, and the perspective divide isn't applied; instead the w
// coordinate is returned separately.
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Vector GraphicsWindow::ProjectPoint4(Vector p, double *w) {
    p = p.Plus(offset);
    Vector r;
    r.x = p.Dot(projRight);
    r.y = p.Dot(projUp);
    r.z = p.Dot(projUp.Cross(projRight));
    *w = 1 + r.z*SS.CameraTangent()*scale;
    return r;
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Return a point in the plane parallel to the screen and through the offset,
// that projects onto the specified (x, y) coordinates.
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Vector GraphicsWindow::UnProjectPoint(Point2d p) {
    Vector orig = offset.ScaledBy(-1);
    // Note that we ignoring the effects of perspective. Since our returned
    // point has the same component normal to the screen as the offset, it
    // will have z = 0 after the rotation is applied, thus w = 1. So this is
    // correct.
    orig = orig.Plus(projRight.ScaledBy(p.x / scale)).Plus(
                     projUp.   ScaledBy(p.y / scale));
    return orig;
Vector GraphicsWindow::UnProjectPoint3(Vector p) {
    p.z = p.z / (scale - p.z * SS.CameraTangent() * scale);
    double w = 1 + p.z * SS.CameraTangent() * scale;
    p.x *= w / scale;
    p.y *= w / scale;
    Vector orig = offset.ScaledBy(-1);
    orig = orig.Plus(projRight.ScaledBy(p.x)).Plus(
                     projUp.   ScaledBy(p.y).Plus(
                     projRight.Cross(projUp). ScaledBy(p.z)));
    return orig;
void GraphicsWindow::NormalizeProjectionVectors() {
    if(projRight.Magnitude() < LENGTH_EPS) {
        projRight = Vector::From(1, 0, 0);
    Vector norm = projRight.Cross(projUp);
    // If projRight and projUp somehow ended up parallel, then pick an
    // arbitrary projUp normal to projRight.
    if(norm.Magnitude() < LENGTH_EPS) {
        norm = projRight.Normal(0);
    projUp = norm.Cross(projRight);
    projUp = projUp.WithMagnitude(1);
    projRight = projRight.WithMagnitude(1);
void GraphicsWindow::DrawSnapGrid(Canvas *canvas) {
    if(!LockedInWorkplane()) return;
    const Camera &camera = canvas->GetCamera();
    double width  = camera.width,
           height = camera.height;
    hEntity he = ActiveWorkplane();
    EntityBase *wrkpl = SK.GetEntity(he),
               *norm  = wrkpl->Normal();
    Vector n = projUp.Cross(projRight);
    Vector wu, wv, wn, wp;
    wp = SK.GetEntity(wrkpl->point[0])->PointGetNum();
    wu = norm->NormalU();
    wv = norm->NormalV();
    wn = norm->NormalN();
    double g = SS.gridSpacing;
    double umin = VERY_POSITIVE, umax = VERY_NEGATIVE,
           vmin = VERY_POSITIVE, vmax = VERY_NEGATIVE;
    for(a = 0; a < 4; a++) {
        // Ideally, we would just do +/- half the width and height; but
        // allow some extra slop for rounding.
        Vector horiz = projRight.ScaledBy((0.6*width)/scale  + 2*g),
               vert  = projUp.   ScaledBy((0.6*height)/scale + 2*g);
        if(a == 2 || a == 3) horiz = horiz.ScaledBy(-1);
        if(a == 1 || a == 3) vert  = vert. ScaledBy(-1);
        Vector tp = horiz.Plus(vert).Minus(offset);
        // Project the point into our grid plane, normal to the screen
        // (not to the grid plane). If the plane is on edge then this is
        // impossible so don't try to draw the grid.
        bool parallel;
        Vector tpp = Vector::AtIntersectionOfPlaneAndLine(
                                        wn, wn.Dot(wp),
                                        tp, tp.Plus(n),
                                        &parallel);
        if(parallel) return;
        tpp = tpp.Minus(wp);
        double uu = tpp.Dot(wu),
               vv = tpp.Dot(wv);
        umin = min(uu, umin);
        umax = max(uu, umax);
        vmin = min(vv, vmin);
        vmax = max(vv, vmax);
    int i, j, i0, i1, j0, j1;
    i0 = (int)(umin / g);
    i1 = (int)(umax / g);
    j0 = (int)(vmin / g);
    j1 = (int)(vmax / g);
    if(i0 > i1 || i1 - i0 > 400) return;
    if(j0 > j1 || j1 - j0 > 400) return;
    Canvas::Stroke stroke = {};
    stroke.layer  = Canvas::Layer::BACK;
    stroke.color  = Style::Color(Style::DATUM).WithAlpha(75);
    stroke.unit   = Canvas::Unit::PX;
    stroke.width  = 1.0f;
    Canvas::hStroke hcs = canvas->GetStroke(stroke);
    for(i = i0 + 1; i < i1; i++) {
        canvas->DrawLine(wp.Plus(wu.ScaledBy(i*g)).Plus(wv.ScaledBy(j0*g)),
                         wp.Plus(wu.ScaledBy(i*g)).Plus(wv.ScaledBy(j1*g)),
    for(j = j0 + 1; j < j1; j++) {
        canvas->DrawLine(wp.Plus(wu.ScaledBy(i0*g)).Plus(wv.ScaledBy(j*g)),
                         wp.Plus(wu.ScaledBy(i1*g)).Plus(wv.ScaledBy(j*g)),
void GraphicsWindow::DrawEntities(Canvas *canvas, bool persistent) {
    for(Entity &e : SK.entity) {
        if(persistent == (e.IsNormal() || e.IsWorkplane())) continue;
        switch(SS.GW.drawOccludedAs) {
            case DrawOccludedAs::VISIBLE:
                e.Draw(Entity::DrawAs::OVERLAY, canvas);
                break;
            case DrawOccludedAs::STIPPLED:
                e.Draw(Entity::DrawAs::HIDDEN, canvas);
                /* fallthrough */
            case DrawOccludedAs::INVISIBLE:
                e.Draw(Entity::DrawAs::DEFAULT, canvas);
                break;
void GraphicsWindow::DrawPersistent(Canvas *canvas) {
    // Draw the active group; this does stuff like the mesh and edges.
    SK.GetGroup(activeGroup)->Draw(canvas);
    // Now draw the entities that don't change with viewport.
    DrawEntities(canvas, /*persistent=*/true);
    // Draw filled paths in all groups, when those filled paths were requested
    // specially by assigning a style with a fill color, or when the filled
    // paths are just being filled by default. This should go last, to make
    // the transparency work.
    for(hGroup hg : SK.groupOrder) {
        Group *g = SK.GetGroup(hg);
        if(!(g->IsVisible())) continue;
        g->DrawFilledPaths(canvas);
void GraphicsWindow::Draw(Canvas *canvas) {
    const Camera &camera = canvas->GetCamera();
    // Nasty case when we're reloading the linked files; could be that
    // we get an error, so a dialog pops up, and a message loop starts, and
    // we have to get called to paint ourselves. If the sketch is screwed
    // up, then we could trigger an oops trying to draw.
    if(!SS.allConsistent) return;
    if(showSnapGrid) DrawSnapGrid(canvas);
    // Draw all the things that don't change when we rotate.
    if(persistentCanvas != NULL) {
        if(persistentDirty) {
            persistentDirty = false;
            persistentCanvas->Clear();
            DrawPersistent(&*persistentCanvas);
            persistentCanvas->Finalize();
        persistentCanvas->Draw();
    } else {
        DrawPersistent(canvas);
    // Draw the entities that do change with viewport.
    DrawEntities(canvas, /*persistent=*/false);
    // Draw the polygon errors.
    if(SS.checkClosedContour) {
        SK.GetGroup(activeGroup)->DrawPolyError(canvas);
    // Draw the constraints
    for(Constraint &c : SK.constraint) {
        c.Draw(Constraint::DrawAs::DEFAULT, canvas);
    // Draw areas
    if(SS.showContourAreas) {
        for(hGroup hg : SK.groupOrder) {
            Group *g = SK.GetGroup(hg);
            if(g->h != activeGroup) continue;
            if(!(g->IsVisible())) continue;
            g->DrawContourAreaLabels(canvas);
    // Draw the "pending" constraint, i.e. a constraint that would be
    // placed on a line that is almost horizontal or vertical.
    if(SS.GW.pending.operation == Pending::DRAGGING_NEW_LINE_POINT &&
            SS.GW.pending.hasSuggestion) {
        Constraint c = {};
        c.group = SS.GW.activeGroup;
        c.workplane = SS.GW.ActiveWorkplane();
        c.type = SS.GW.pending.suggestion;
        c.entityA = SS.GW.pending.request.entity(0);
        c.Draw(Constraint::DrawAs::DEFAULT, canvas);
    Canvas::Stroke strokeAnalyze = Style::Stroke(Style::ANALYZE);
    strokeAnalyze.layer = Canvas::Layer::FRONT;
    Canvas::hStroke hcsAnalyze = canvas->GetStroke(strokeAnalyze);
    // Draw the traced path, if one exists
    SEdgeList tracedEdges = {};
    SS.traced.path.MakeEdgesInto(&tracedEdges);
    canvas->DrawEdges(tracedEdges, hcsAnalyze);
    tracedEdges.Clear();
    Canvas::Stroke strokeError = Style::Stroke(Style::DRAW_ERROR);
    strokeError.layer = Canvas::Layer::FRONT;
    strokeError.width = 12;
    Canvas::hStroke hcsError = canvas->GetStroke(strokeError);
    // And the naked edges, if the user did Analyze -> Show Naked Edges.
    canvas->DrawEdges(SS.nakedEdges, hcsError);
    // Then redraw whatever the mouse is hovering over, highlighted.
    hover.Draw(/*isHovered=*/true, canvas);
    SK.GetGroup(activeGroup)->DrawMesh(Group::DrawMeshAs::HOVERED, canvas);
    // And finally draw the selection, same mechanism.
    for(Selection *s = selection.First(); s; s = selection.NextAfter(s)) {
        s->Draw(/*isHovered=*/false, canvas);
    SK.GetGroup(activeGroup)->DrawMesh(Group::DrawMeshAs::SELECTED, canvas);
    Canvas::Stroke strokeDatum = Style::Stroke(Style::DATUM);
    strokeDatum.unit  = Canvas::Unit::PX;
    strokeDatum.layer = Canvas::Layer::FRONT;
    strokeDatum.width = 1;
    Canvas::hStroke hcsDatum = canvas->GetStroke(strokeDatum);
    // An extra line, used to indicate the origin when rotating within the
    // plane of the monitor.
    if(SS.extraLine.draw) {
        canvas->DrawLine(SS.extraLine.ptA, SS.extraLine.ptB, hcsDatum);
    if(SS.centerOfMass.draw && !SS.centerOfMass.dirty) {
        Vector p = SS.centerOfMass.position;
        Vector u = camera.projRight;
        Vector v = camera.projUp;
        const double size = 10.0;
        const int subdiv = 16;
        double h = Style::DefaultTextHeight() / camera.scale;
        std::string s =
            SS.MmToStringSI(p.x) + ", " +
            SS.MmToStringSI(p.y) + ", " +
            SS.MmToStringSI(p.z);
        canvas->DrawVectorText(s.c_str(), h,
                               p.Plus(u.ScaledBy((size + 5.0)/scale)).Minus(v.ScaledBy(h / 2.0)),
                               u, v, hcsDatum);
        u = u.WithMagnitude(size / scale);
        v = v.WithMagnitude(size / scale);
        canvas->DrawLine(p.Minus(u), p.Plus(u), hcsDatum);
        canvas->DrawLine(p.Minus(v), p.Plus(v), hcsDatum);
        Vector prev;
        for(int i = 0; i <= subdiv; i++) {
            double a = (double)i / subdiv * 2.0 * PI;
            Vector point = p.Plus(u.ScaledBy(cos(a))).Plus(v.ScaledBy(sin(a)));
            if(i > 0) {
                canvas->DrawLine(point, prev, hcsDatum);
            prev = point;
    // A note to indicate the origin in the just-exported file.
    if(SS.justExportedInfo.draw) {
        Vector p, u, v;
        if(SS.justExportedInfo.showOrigin) {
            p = SS.justExportedInfo.pt,
            u = SS.justExportedInfo.u,
            v = SS.justExportedInfo.v;
        } else {
            p = camera.offset.ScaledBy(-1);
            u = camera.projRight;
            v = camera.projUp;
        canvas->DrawVectorText("previewing exported geometry; press Esc to return",
                              Style::DefaultTextHeight() / camera.scale,
                              p.Plus(u.ScaledBy(10/scale)).Plus(v.ScaledBy(10/scale)), u, v,
                              hcsDatum);
        if(SS.justExportedInfo.showOrigin) {
            Vector um = p.Plus(u.WithMagnitude(-15/scale)),
                   up = p.Plus(u.WithMagnitude(30/scale)),
                   vm = p.Plus(v.WithMagnitude(-15/scale)),
                   vp = p.Plus(v.WithMagnitude(30/scale));
            canvas->DrawLine(um, up, hcsDatum);
            canvas->DrawLine(vm, vp, hcsDatum);
            canvas->DrawVectorText("(x, y) = (0, 0) for file just exported",
                                  Style::DefaultTextHeight() / camera.scale,
                                  p.Plus(u.ScaledBy(40/scale)).Plus(
                                         v.ScaledBy(-(Style::DefaultTextHeight())/scale)), u, v,
                                  hcsDatum);
void GraphicsWindow::Paint() {
    ssassert(window != NULL && canvas != NULL,
             "Cannot paint without window and canvas");
    havePainted = true;
    Camera   camera   = GetCamera();
    Lighting lighting = GetLighting();
    if(!SS.ActiveGroupsOkay()) {
        // Draw a different background whenever we're having solve problems.
        RgbaColor bgColor = Style::Color(Style::DRAW_ERROR);
        bgColor = RgbaColor::FromFloat(0.4f*bgColor.redF(),
                                       0.4f*bgColor.greenF(),
                                       0.4f*bgColor.blueF());
        lighting.backgroundColor = bgColor;
        // And show the text window, which has info to debug it
        ForceTextWindowShown();
    canvas->SetLighting(lighting);
    canvas->SetCamera(camera);
    canvas->StartFrame();
    // Draw the 3d objects.
    Draw(canvas.get());
    canvas->FlushFrame();
    // Draw the 2d UI overlay.
    camera.LoadIdentity();
    camera.offset.x = -(double)camera.width  / 2.0;
    camera.offset.y = -(double)camera.height / 2.0;
    canvas->SetCamera(camera);
    UiCanvas uiCanvas = {};
    uiCanvas.canvas = canvas;
    // If a marquee selection is in progress, then draw the selection
    // rectangle, as an outline and a transparent fill.
    if(pending.operation == Pending::DRAGGING_MARQUEE) {
        Point2d begin = ProjectPoint(orig.marqueePoint);
        uiCanvas.DrawRect((int)orig.mouse.x + (int)camera.width / 2,
                          (int)begin.x + (int)camera.width / 2,
                          (int)orig.mouse.y + (int)camera.height / 2,
                          (int)begin.y + (int)camera.height / 2,
                          /*fillColor=*/Style::Color(Style::HOVERED).WithAlpha(25),
                          /*outlineColor=*/Style::Color(Style::HOVERED));
    // If we've had a screenshot requested, take it now, before the UI is overlaid.
    if(!SS.screenshotFile.IsEmpty()) {
        FILE *f = OpenFile(SS.screenshotFile, "wb");
        if(!f || !canvas->ReadFrame()->WritePng(f, /*flip=*/true)) {
            Error("Couldn't write to '%s'", SS.screenshotFile.raw.c_str());
        if(f) fclose(f);
        SS.screenshotFile.Clear();
    // And finally the toolbar.
    if(SS.showToolbar) {
        canvas->SetCamera(camera);
        ToolbarDraw(&uiCanvas);
    canvas->FlushFrame();
    canvas->FinishFrame();
    canvas->Clear();
void GraphicsWindow::Invalidate(bool clearPersistent) {
    if(window) {
        if(clearPersistent) {
            persistentDirty = true;
        window->Invalidate();
} // namespace SolveSpace
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