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// Copyright 2020 The go-ethereum Authors
// This file is part of the go-ethereum library.
//
// The go-ethereum library is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
// it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
// (at your option) any later version.
//
// The go-ethereum library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
// GNU Lesser General Public License for more details.
//
// You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
// along with the go-ethereum library. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
// Tests that abnormal program termination (i.e.crash) and restart doesn't leave
// the database in some strange state with gaps in the chain, nor with block data
// dangling in the future.
package core
import (
"encoding/hex"
"math/big"
"testing"
"time"
"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/common"
"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/consensus/ethash"
"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/rawdb"
"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/types"
"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/vm"
"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/crypto"
"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/ethdb"
"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/ethdb/memorydb"
"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/params"
)
var (
// testKey is a private key to use for funding a tester account.
testKey, _ = crypto.HexToECDSA("b71c71a67e1177ad4e901695e1b4b9ee17ae16c6668d313eac2f96dbcda3f291")
contractCode, _ = hex.DecodeString("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")
contractAddr = common.HexToAddress("0xe74a3c7427cda785e0000d42a705b1f3fd371e09")
contractData1, _ = hex.DecodeString("b0483f480000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000")
contractData2, _ = hex.DecodeString("b0483f480000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000001")
commonGas = 192138
// testAddr is the Ethereum address of the tester account.
testAddr = crypto.PubkeyToAddress(testKey.PublicKey)
// testBlocks is the test parameters array for specific blocks.
testBlocks = []testBlockParam{
{
// This txs params also used to default block.
blockNr: 11,
txs: []testTransactionParam{
{
to: &common.Address{0x01},
value: big.NewInt(1),
gasPrice: big.NewInt(params.InitialBaseFee),
data: nil,
},
},
},
{
blockNr: 12,
txs: []testTransactionParam{
{
to: &common.Address{0x01},
value: big.NewInt(1),
gasPrice: big.NewInt(params.InitialBaseFee),
data: nil,
},
{
to: &common.Address{0x02},
value: big.NewInt(2),
gasPrice: big.NewInt(params.InitialBaseFee + 1),
data: nil,
},
{
to: nil,
value: big.NewInt(0),
gasPrice: big.NewInt(params.InitialBaseFee + 1),
data: contractCode,
},
},
},
{
blockNr: 13,
txs: []testTransactionParam{
{
to: &common.Address{0x01},
value: big.NewInt(1),
gasPrice: big.NewInt(params.InitialBaseFee),
data: nil,
},
{
to: &common.Address{0x02},
value: big.NewInt(2),
gasPrice: big.NewInt(params.InitialBaseFee + 1),
data: nil,
},
{
to: &common.Address{0x03},
value: big.NewInt(3),
gasPrice: big.NewInt(params.InitialBaseFee + 2),
data: nil,
},
{
to: &contractAddr,
value: big.NewInt(0),
gasPrice: big.NewInt(params.InitialBaseFee + 2),
data: contractData1,
},
},
},
{
blockNr: 14,
txs: []testTransactionParam{
{
to: &contractAddr,
value: big.NewInt(0),
gasPrice: big.NewInt(params.InitialBaseFee + 2),
data: contractData2,
},
},
},
{
blockNr: 15,
txs: []testTransactionParam{},
},
}
)
type testTransactionParam struct {
to *common.Address
value *big.Int
gasPrice *big.Int
data []byte
}
type testBlockParam struct {
blockNr int
txs []testTransactionParam
}
// testBackend is a mock implementation of the live Ethereum message handler. Its
// purpose is to allow testing the request/reply workflows and wire serialization
// in the `eth` protocol without actually doing any data processing.
type testBackend struct {
db ethdb.Database
chain *BlockChain
}
// newTestBackend creates an empty chain and wraps it into a mock backend.
func newTestBackend(blocks int, light bool) *testBackend {
return newTestBackendWithGenerator(blocks, light)
}
// newTestBackendWithGenerator creates a chain with a number of explicitly defined blocks and
// wraps it into a mock backend.
func newTestBackendWithGenerator(blocks int, lightProcess bool) *testBackend {
signer := types.HomesteadSigner{}
// Create a database pre-initialize with a genesis block
db := rawdb.NewMemoryDatabase()
db.SetDiffStore(memorydb.New())
gspec := &Genesis{
Config: params.TestChainConfig,
Alloc: GenesisAlloc{testAddr: {Balance: big.NewInt(100000000000000000)}},
BaseFee: big.NewInt(params.InitialBaseFee),
}
chain, _ := NewBlockChain(db, nil, gspec, nil, ethash.NewFaker(), vm.Config{}, nil, nil, EnablePersistDiff(860000))
generator := func(i int, block *BlockGen) {
// The chain maker doesn't have access to a chain, so the difficulty will be
// lets unset (nil). Set it here to the correct value.
block.SetCoinbase(testAddr)
for idx, testBlock := range testBlocks {
// Specific block setting, the index in this generator has 1 diff from specified blockNr.
if i+1 == testBlock.blockNr {
for _, testTransaction := range testBlock.txs {
var transaction *types.Transaction
if testTransaction.to == nil {
transaction = types.NewContractCreation(block.TxNonce(testAddr),
testTransaction.value, uint64(commonGas), testTransaction.gasPrice, testTransaction.data)
} else {
transaction = types.NewTransaction(block.TxNonce(testAddr), *testTransaction.to,
testTransaction.value, uint64(commonGas), testTransaction.gasPrice, testTransaction.data)
}
tx, err := types.SignTx(transaction, signer, testKey)
if err != nil {
panic(err)
}
block.AddTxWithChain(chain, tx)
}
break
}
// Default block setting.
if idx == len(testBlocks)-1 {
// We want to simulate an empty middle block, having the same state as the
// first one. The last is needs a state change again to force a reorg.
for _, testTransaction := range testBlocks[0].txs {
tx, err := types.SignTx(types.NewTransaction(block.TxNonce(testAddr), *testTransaction.to,
testTransaction.value, uint64(commonGas), testTransaction.gasPrice, testTransaction.data), signer, testKey)
if err != nil {
panic(err)
}
block.AddTxWithChain(chain, tx)
}
}
}
}
bs, _ := GenerateChain(params.TestChainConfig, chain.Genesis(), ethash.NewFaker(), db, blocks, generator)
if _, err := chain.InsertChain(bs); err != nil {
panic(err)
}
return &testBackend{
db: db,
chain: chain,
}
}
// close tears down the transaction pool and chain behind the mock backend.
func (b *testBackend) close() {
b.chain.Stop()
}
func (b *testBackend) Chain() *BlockChain { return b.chain }
func TestFreezeDiffLayer(t *testing.T) {
blockNum := 1024
fullBackend := newTestBackend(blockNum, true)
defer fullBackend.close()
for len(fullBackend.chain.diffQueueBuffer) > 0 {
// Wait for the buffer to be zero.
}
// Minus one empty block.
if fullBackend.chain.diffQueue.Size() != blockNum-1 {
t.Errorf("size of diff queue is wrong, expected: %d, get: %d", blockNum-1, fullBackend.chain.diffQueue.Size())
}
time.Sleep(diffLayerFreezerRecheckInterval + 2*time.Second)
if fullBackend.chain.diffQueue.Size() != int(fullBackend.chain.triesInMemory) {
t.Errorf("size of diff queue is wrong, expected: %d, get: %d", blockNum, fullBackend.chain.diffQueue.Size())
}
block := fullBackend.chain.GetBlockByNumber(uint64(blockNum / 2))
diffStore := fullBackend.chain.db.DiffStore()
rawData := rawdb.ReadDiffLayerRLP(diffStore, block.Hash())
if len(rawData) == 0 {
t.Error("do not find diff layer in db")
}
}
// newTwoForkedBlockchains returns two blockchains, these two chains are generated by different
// generators, they have some same parent blocks, the number of same blocks are determined by
// testBlocks, once chain1 inserted a non-default block, chain1 and chain2 get forked.
func newTwoForkedBlockchains(len1, len2 int) (chain1 *BlockChain, chain2 *BlockChain) {
signer := types.HomesteadSigner{}
// Create a database pre-initialize with a genesis block
db1 := rawdb.NewMemoryDatabase()
db1.SetDiffStore(memorydb.New())
gspec := &Genesis{
Config: params.TestChainConfig,
Alloc: GenesisAlloc{testAddr: {Balance: big.NewInt(100000000000000000)}},
BaseFee: big.NewInt(params.InitialBaseFee),
}
engine1 := ethash.NewFaker()
chain1, _ = NewBlockChain(db1, nil, gspec, nil, engine1, vm.Config{}, nil, nil, EnablePersistDiff(860000), EnableBlockValidator(params.TestChainConfig, 0, nil))
generator1 := func(i int, block *BlockGen) {
// The chain maker doesn't have access to a chain, so the difficulty will be
// lets unset (nil). Set it here to the correct value.
block.SetCoinbase(testAddr)
for idx, testBlock := range testBlocks {
// Specific block setting, the index in this generator has 1 diff from specified blockNr.
if i+1 == testBlock.blockNr {
for _, testTransaction := range testBlock.txs {
var transaction *types.Transaction
if testTransaction.to == nil {
transaction = types.NewContractCreation(block.TxNonce(testAddr),
testTransaction.value, uint64(commonGas), testTransaction.gasPrice, testTransaction.data)
} else {
transaction = types.NewTransaction(block.TxNonce(testAddr), *testTransaction.to,
testTransaction.value, uint64(commonGas), testTransaction.gasPrice, testTransaction.data)
}
tx, err := types.SignTx(transaction, signer, testKey)
if err != nil {
panic(err)
}
block.AddTxWithChain(chain1, tx)
}
break
}
// Default block setting.
if idx == len(testBlocks)-1 {
// We want to simulate an empty middle block, having the same state as the
// first one. The last is needs a state change again to force a reorg.
for _, testTransaction := range testBlocks[0].txs {
tx, err := types.SignTx(types.NewTransaction(block.TxNonce(testAddr), *testTransaction.to,
testTransaction.value, uint64(commonGas), testTransaction.gasPrice, testTransaction.data), signer, testKey)
if err != nil {
panic(err)
}
block.AddTxWithChain(chain1, tx)
}
}
}
}
bs1, _ := GenerateChain(params.TestChainConfig, chain1.Genesis(), ethash.NewFaker(), db1, len1, generator1)
if _, err := chain1.InsertChain(bs1); err != nil {
panic(err)
}
waitDifflayerCached(chain1, bs1)
// Create a database pre-initialize with a genesis block
db2 := rawdb.NewMemoryDatabase()
db2.SetDiffStore(memorydb.New())
gspec2 := &Genesis{
Config: params.TestChainConfig,
Alloc: GenesisAlloc{testAddr: {Balance: big.NewInt(100000000000000000)}},
BaseFee: big.NewInt(params.InitialBaseFee),
}
chain2, _ = NewBlockChain(db2, nil, gspec2, nil, ethash.NewFaker(), vm.Config{}, nil, nil, EnablePersistDiff(860000), EnableBlockValidator(params.TestChainConfig, 0, nil))
generator2 := func(i int, block *BlockGen) {
// The chain maker doesn't have access to a chain, so the difficulty will be
// lets unset (nil). Set it here to the correct value.
block.SetCoinbase(testAddr)
// We want to simulate an empty middle block, having the same state as the
// first one. The last is needs a state change again to force a reorg.
for _, testTransaction := range testBlocks[0].txs {
tx, err := types.SignTx(types.NewTransaction(block.TxNonce(testAddr), *testTransaction.to,
testTransaction.value, uint64(commonGas), testTransaction.gasPrice, testTransaction.data), signer, testKey)
if err != nil {
panic(err)
}
block.AddTxWithChain(chain1, tx)
}
}
bs2, _ := GenerateChain(params.TestChainConfig, chain2.Genesis(), ethash.NewFaker(), db2, len2, generator2)
if _, err := chain2.InsertChain(bs2); err != nil {
panic(err)
}
waitDifflayerCached(chain2, bs2)
return chain1, chain2
}
func waitDifflayerCached(chain *BlockChain, bs types.Blocks) {
for _, block := range bs {
// wait for all difflayers to be cached
for block.Header().TxHash != types.EmptyRootHash &&
chain.GetTrustedDiffLayer(block.Hash()) == nil {
time.Sleep(time.Second)
}
}
}
func testGetRootByDiffHash(t *testing.T, chain1, chain2 *BlockChain, blockNumber uint64, status types.VerifyStatus) {
block2 := chain2.GetBlockByNumber(blockNumber)
if block2 == nil {
t.Fatalf("failed to find block, number: %v", blockNumber)
}
expect := VerifyResult{
Status: status,
BlockNumber: blockNumber,
BlockHash: block2.Hash(),
}
if status.Code&0xff00 == types.StatusVerified.Code {
expect.Root = block2.Root()
}
diffLayer2 := chain2.GetTrustedDiffLayer(block2.Hash())
if diffLayer2 == nil {
t.Fatal("failed to find diff layer")
}
diffHash2 := types.EmptyRootHash
if status != types.StatusDiffHashMismatch {
var err error
diffHash2, err = CalculateDiffHash(diffLayer2)
if err != nil {
t.Fatalf("failed to compute diff hash: %v", err)
}
}
if status == types.StatusPartiallyVerified {
block1 := chain1.GetBlockByNumber(blockNumber)
if block1 == nil {
t.Fatalf("failed to find block, number: %v", blockNumber)
}
chain1.diffLayerCache.Remove(block1.Hash())
}
result := chain1.GetVerifyResult(blockNumber, block2.Hash(), diffHash2)
if result.Status != expect.Status {
t.Fatalf("failed to verify block, number: %v, expect status: %v, real status: %v", blockNumber, expect.Status, result.Status)
}
if result.Root != expect.Root {
t.Fatalf("failed to verify block, number: %v, expect root: %v, real root: %v", blockNumber, expect.Root, result.Root)
}
}
func TestGetRootByDiffHash(t *testing.T) {
len1 := 23 // length of blockchain1
len2 := 35 // length of blockchain2
plen := 11 // length of same parent blocks, which determined by testBlocks.
chain1, chain2 := newTwoForkedBlockchains(len1, len2)
defer chain1.Stop()
defer chain2.Stop()
hash1 := chain1.GetBlockByNumber(uint64(plen)).Hash()
hash2 := chain2.GetBlockByNumber(uint64(plen)).Hash()
if hash1 != hash2 {
t.Errorf("chain content mismatch at %d: have hash %v, want hash %v", plen, hash2, hash1)
}
testGetRootByDiffHash(t, chain1, chain2, 10, types.StatusFullVerified)
testGetRootByDiffHash(t, chain1, chain2, 2, types.StatusPartiallyVerified)
testGetRootByDiffHash(t, chain1, chain2, 10, types.StatusDiffHashMismatch)
testGetRootByDiffHash(t, chain1, chain2, 12, types.StatusImpossibleFork)
testGetRootByDiffHash(t, chain1, chain2, 20, types.StatusPossibleFork)
testGetRootByDiffHash(t, chain1, chain2, 24, types.StatusBlockNewer)
testGetRootByDiffHash(t, chain1, chain2, 35, types.StatusBlockTooNew)
}
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