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#!/usr/bin/python

#coding:utf-8

def sayHi():

print 'hi';

sayHi();

# 只有在形参表末尾的那些参数可以有默认参数值，

# 即你不能在声明函数形参的时候，

# 先声明有默认值的形参而后声明没有默认值的形参。

def greet(name, word = 'hi'): # word is optional

print word + ',' + name;

greet('joel', 'hello');

greet('jack');

print 10 * '*', '返回值', 10 * '*';

def returnNone():

pass;

print returnNone(); # None

def returnNone2():

1 + 3;

print returnNone2(); # None

def returnNone3():

return None;

print returnNone3(); # None

def add(a, b):

return a + b;

print add(3,5); # 8

print 10 * '*', '变量的作用域', 10 * '*';

x = 3;

def func():

x = 5;

func(); # not change global x

print 'x is still', x; #3

def func2():

global x;# tell it's the global x

x = 10;

func2(); # change global x

print 'x change to', x; #10

print 20 * '*';

x = 0;

def func3():

x = 1;

y = 'y~~~';

def func4():

print x; # 0, global is put before this line

global x; # always the outest.

x = 2;

print y;# can read from outerside

print x; #1

func4();

print x; #1

func3();

print 'x change to', x; # 2

# 如果你的某个函数有许多参数，

# 而你只想指定其中的一部分，

# 那么你可以通过命名来为这些参数赋值——这被称作 关键参数

# ——我们使用名字（关键字）而不是位置（我们前面所一直使用的方法）来给函数指定实参。

print 10 * '*', '关键参数', 10 * '*';

def keyParamFunc(a, b=5, c=10):

print 'a is', a, 'and b is', b, 'and c is', c

keyParamFunc(3, 7)

keyParamFunc(25, c=24)

keyParamFunc(c=50, a=100)

print 10 * '*', '函数文档', 10 * '*';

def printMax(x, y):

'''函数描述： Prints the maximum of two numbers.

The two values must be integers.'''

x = int(x) # convert to integers, if possible

y = int(y)

if x > y:

print x, 'is maximum'

else:

print y, 'is maximum'

printMax(3, 5)

print printMax.__doc__

# lamda 匿名函数,有点类似闭包

print 10 * '*', 'lambda', 10 * '*';

print (lambda a,b: a+b)(1,3); #4

print map(lambda x: x * x, [1,2,3]); # [1, 4, 9]

a,b,c = (lambda: (1,3,5))();

print a,b,c;