{{ message }}
-
-
Notifications
You must be signed in to change notification settings - Fork 995
Expand file tree
/
Copy pathcmd.py
More file actions
1897 lines (1567 loc) · 74.6 KB
/
Copy pathcmd.py
File metadata and controls
1897 lines (1567 loc) · 74.6 KB
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
276
277
278
279
280
281
282
283
284
285
286
287
288
289
290
291
292
293
294
295
296
297
298
299
300
301
302
303
304
305
306
307
308
309
310
311
312
313
314
315
316
317
318
319
320
321
322
323
324
325
326
327
328
329
330
331
332
333
334
335
336
337
338
339
340
341
342
343
344
345
346
347
348
349
350
351
352
353
354
355
356
357
358
359
360
361
362
363
364
365
366
367
368
369
370
371
372
373
374
375
376
377
378
379
380
381
382
383
384
385
386
387
388
389
390
391
392
393
394
395
396
397
398
399
400
401
402
403
404
405
406
407
408
409
410
411
412
413
414
415
416
417
418
419
420
421
422
423
424
425
426
427
428
429
430
431
432
433
434
435
436
437
438
439
440
441
442
443
444
445
446
447
448
449
450
451
452
453
454
455
456
457
458
459
460
461
462
463
464
465
466
467
468
469
470
471
472
473
474
475
476
477
478
479
480
481
482
483
484
485
486
487
488
489
490
491
492
493
494
495
496
497
498
499
500
501
502
503
504
505
506
507
508
509
510
511
512
513
514
515
516
517
518
519
520
521
522
523
524
525
526
527
528
529
530
531
532
533
534
535
536
537
538
539
540
541
542
543
544
545
546
547
548
549
550
551
552
553
554
555
556
557
558
559
560
561
562
563
564
565
566
567
568
569
570
571
572
573
574
575
576
577
578
579
580
581
582
583
584
585
586
587
588
589
590
591
592
593
594
595
596
597
598
599
600
601
602
603
604
605
606
607
608
609
610
611
612
613
614
615
616
617
618
619
620
621
622
623
624
625
626
627
628
629
630
631
632
633
634
635
636
637
638
639
640
641
642
643
644
645
646
647
648
649
650
651
652
653
654
655
656
657
658
659
660
661
662
663
664
665
666
667
668
669
670
671
672
673
674
675
676
677
678
679
680
681
682
683
684
685
686
687
688
689
690
691
692
693
694
695
696
697
698
699
700
701
702
703
704
705
706
707
708
709
710
711
712
713
714
715
716
717
718
719
720
721
722
723
724
725
726
727
728
729
730
731
732
733
734
735
736
737
738
739
740
741
742
743
744
745
746
747
748
749
750
751
752
753
754
755
756
757
758
759
760
761
762
763
764
765
766
767
768
769
770
771
772
773
774
775
776
777
778
779
780
781
782
783
784
785
786
787
788
789
790
791
792
793
794
795
796
797
798
799
800
801
802
803
804
805
806
807
808
809
810
811
812
813
814
815
816
817
818
819
820
821
822
823
824
825
826
827
828
829
830
831
832
833
834
835
836
837
838
839
840
841
842
843
844
845
846
847
848
849
850
851
852
853
854
855
856
857
858
859
860
861
862
863
864
865
866
867
868
869
870
871
872
873
874
875
876
877
878
879
880
881
882
883
884
885
886
887
888
889
890
891
892
893
894
895
896
897
898
899
900
901
902
903
904
905
906
907
908
909
910
911
912
913
914
915
916
917
918
919
920
921
922
923
924
925
926
927
928
929
930
931
932
933
934
935
936
937
938
939
940
941
942
943
944
945
946
947
948
949
950
951
952
953
954
955
956
957
958
959
960
961
962
963
964
965
966
967
968
969
970
971
972
973
974
975
976
977
978
979
980
981
982
983
984
985
986
987
988
989
990
991
992
993
994
995
996
997
998
999
1000
# Copyright (C) 2008, 2009 Michael Trier (mtrier@gmail.com) and contributors
#
# This module is part of GitPython and is released under the
# 3-Clause BSD License: https://opensource.org/license/bsd-3-clause/
from __future__ import annotations
__all__ = ["GitMeta", "Git"]
import contextlib
import io
import itertools
import logging
import os
import re
import signal
import subprocess
from subprocess import DEVNULL, PIPE, Popen
import sys
from textwrap import dedent
import threading
import warnings
from git.compat import defenc, force_bytes, safe_decode
from git.exc import (
CommandError,
GitCommandError,
GitCommandNotFound,
UnsafeOptionError,
UnsafeProtocolError,
)
from git.util import (
cygpath,
expand_path,
is_cygwin_git,
patch_env,
remove_password_if_present,
stream_copy,
)
# typing ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
from typing import (
Any,
AnyStr,
BinaryIO,
Callable,
Dict,
IO,
Iterator,
List,
Mapping,
Optional,
Sequence,
TYPE_CHECKING,
TextIO,
Tuple,
Union,
cast,
overload,
)
if sys.version_info >= (3, 10):
from typing import TypeAlias
else:
from typing_extensions import TypeAlias
from git.types import Literal, PathLike, TBD
if TYPE_CHECKING:
from git.diff import DiffIndex
from git.repo.base import Repo
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
execute_kwargs = {
"istream",
"with_extended_output",
"with_exceptions",
"as_process",
"output_stream",
"stdout_as_string",
"kill_after_timeout",
"with_stdout",
"universal_newlines",
"shell",
"env",
"max_chunk_size",
"strip_newline_in_stdout",
}
_logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
# ==============================================================================
## @name Utilities
# ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Documentation
## @{
def handle_process_output(
process: "Git.AutoInterrupt" | Popen,
stdout_handler: Union[
None,
Callable[[AnyStr], None],
Callable[[List[AnyStr]], None],
Callable[[bytes, "Repo", "DiffIndex"], None],
],
stderr_handler: Union[None, Callable[[AnyStr], None], Callable[[List[AnyStr]], None]],
finalizer: Union[None, Callable[[Union[Popen, "Git.AutoInterrupt"]], None]] = None,
decode_streams: bool = True,
kill_after_timeout: Union[None, float] = None,
) -> None:
R"""Register for notifications to learn that process output is ready to read, and
dispatch lines to the respective line handlers.
This function returns once the finalizer returns.
:param process:
:class:`subprocess.Popen` instance.
:param stdout_handler:
f(stdout_line_string), or ``None``.
:param stderr_handler:
f(stderr_line_string), or ``None``.
:param finalizer:
f(proc) - wait for proc to finish.
:param decode_streams:
Assume stdout/stderr streams are binary and decode them before pushing their
contents to handlers.
This defaults to ``True``. Set it to ``False`` if:
- ``universal_newlines == True``, as then streams are in text mode, or
- decoding must happen later, such as for :class:`~git.diff.Diff`\s.
:param kill_after_timeout:
:class:`float` or ``None``, Default = ``None``
To specify a timeout in seconds for the git command, after which the process
should be killed.
"""
# Use 2 "pump" threads and wait for both to finish.
def pump_stream(
cmdline: List[str],
name: str,
stream: Union[BinaryIO, TextIO],
is_decode: bool,
handler: Union[None, Callable[[Union[bytes, str]], None]],
) -> None:
try:
for line in stream:
if handler:
if is_decode:
assert isinstance(line, bytes)
line_str = line.decode(defenc)
handler(line_str)
else:
handler(line)
except Exception as ex:
_logger.error(f"Pumping {name!r} of cmd({remove_password_if_present(cmdline)}) failed due to: {ex!r}")
if "I/O operation on closed file" not in str(ex):
# Only reraise if the error was not due to the stream closing.
raise CommandError([f"<{name}-pump>"] + remove_password_if_present(cmdline), ex) from ex
finally:
stream.close()
if hasattr(process, "proc"):
process = cast("Git.AutoInterrupt", process)
cmdline: str | Tuple[str, ...] | List[str] = getattr(process.proc, "args", "")
p_stdout = process.proc.stdout if process.proc else None
p_stderr = process.proc.stderr if process.proc else None
else:
process = cast(Popen, process) # type: ignore[redundant-cast]
cmdline = getattr(process, "args", "")
p_stdout = process.stdout
p_stderr = process.stderr
if not isinstance(cmdline, (tuple, list)):
cmdline = cmdline.split()
pumps: List[Tuple[str, IO, Callable[..., None] | None]] = []
if p_stdout:
pumps.append(("stdout", p_stdout, stdout_handler))
if p_stderr:
pumps.append(("stderr", p_stderr, stderr_handler))
threads: List[threading.Thread] = []
for name, stream, handler in pumps:
t = threading.Thread(target=pump_stream, args=(cmdline, name, stream, decode_streams, handler))
t.daemon = True
t.start()
threads.append(t)
# FIXME: Why join? Will block if stdin needs feeding...
for t in threads:
t.join(timeout=kill_after_timeout)
if t.is_alive():
if isinstance(process, Git.AutoInterrupt):
process._terminate()
else: # Don't want to deal with the other case.
raise RuntimeError(
"Thread join() timed out in cmd.handle_process_output()."
f" kill_after_timeout={kill_after_timeout} seconds"
)
if stderr_handler:
error_str: Union[str, bytes] = (
f"error: process killed because it timed out. kill_after_timeout={kill_after_timeout} seconds"
)
if not decode_streams and isinstance(p_stderr, BinaryIO):
# Assume stderr_handler needs binary input.
error_str = cast(str, error_str)
error_str = error_str.encode()
# We ignore typing on the next line because mypy does not like the way
# we inferred that stderr takes str or bytes.
stderr_handler(error_str) # type: ignore[arg-type]
if finalizer:
finalizer(process)
safer_popen: Callable[..., Popen]
if sys.platform == "win32":
def _safer_popen_windows(
command: Union[str, Sequence[Any]],
*,
shell: bool = False,
env: Optional[Mapping[str, str]] = None,
**kwargs: Any,
) -> Popen:
"""Call :class:`subprocess.Popen` on Windows but don't include a CWD in the
search.
This avoids an untrusted search path condition where a file like ``git.exe`` in
a malicious repository would be run when GitPython operates on the repository.
The process using GitPython may have an untrusted repository's working tree as
its current working directory. Some operations may temporarily change to that
directory before running a subprocess. In addition, while by default GitPython
does not run external commands with a shell, it can be made to do so, in which
case the CWD of the subprocess, which GitPython usually sets to a repository
working tree, can itself be searched automatically by the shell. This wrapper
covers all those cases.
:note:
This currently works by setting the
:envvar:`NoDefaultCurrentDirectoryInExePath` environment variable during
subprocess creation. It also takes care of passing Windows-specific process
creation flags, but that is unrelated to path search.
:note:
The current implementation contains a race condition on :attr:`os.environ`.
GitPython isn't thread-safe, but a program using it on one thread should
ideally be able to mutate :attr:`os.environ` on another, without
unpredictable results. See comments in:
https://github.com/gitpython-developers/GitPython/pull/1650
"""
# CREATE_NEW_PROCESS_GROUP is needed for some ways of killing it afterwards.
# https://docs.python.org/3/library/subprocess.html#subprocess.Popen.send_signal
# https://docs.python.org/3/library/subprocess.html#subprocess.CREATE_NEW_PROCESS_GROUP
creationflags = subprocess.CREATE_NO_WINDOW | subprocess.CREATE_NEW_PROCESS_GROUP
# When using a shell, the shell is the direct subprocess, so the variable must
# be set in its environment, to affect its search behavior.
if shell:
# The original may be immutable, or the caller may reuse it. Mutate a copy.
env = {} if env is None else dict(env)
env["NoDefaultCurrentDirectoryInExePath"] = "1" # The "1" can be any value.
# When not using a shell, the current process does the search in a
# CreateProcessW API call, so the variable must be set in our environment. With
# a shell, that's unnecessary if https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/101283
# is patched. In Python versions where it is unpatched, in the rare case the
# ComSpec environment variable is unset, the search for the shell itself is
# unsafe. Setting NoDefaultCurrentDirectoryInExePath in all cases, as done here,
# is simpler and protects against that. (As above, the "1" can be any value.)
with patch_env("NoDefaultCurrentDirectoryInExePath", "1"):
return Popen(
command,
shell=shell,
env=env,
creationflags=creationflags,
**kwargs,
)
safer_popen = _safer_popen_windows
else:
safer_popen = Popen
def dashify(string: str) -> str:
return string.replace("_", "-")
def slots_to_dict(self: "Git", exclude: Sequence[str] = ()) -> Dict[str, Any]:
return {s: getattr(self, s) for s in self.__slots__ if s not in exclude}
def dict_to_slots_and__excluded_are_none(self: object, d: Mapping[str, Any], excluded: Sequence[str] = ()) -> None:
for k, v in d.items():
setattr(self, k, v)
for k in excluded:
setattr(self, k, None)
## -- End Utilities -- @}
class _AutoInterrupt:
"""Process wrapper that terminates the wrapped process on finalization.
This kills/interrupts the stored process instance once this instance goes out of
scope. It is used to prevent processes piling up in case iterators stop reading.
All attributes are wired through to the contained process object.
The wait method is overridden to perform automatic status code checking and possibly
raise.
"""
__slots__ = ("proc", "args", "status")
# If this is non-zero it will override any status code during _terminate, used
# to prevent race conditions in testing.
_status_code_if_terminate: int = 0
def __init__(self, proc: Union[None, subprocess.Popen], args: Any) -> None:
self.proc = proc
self.args = args
self.status: Union[int, None] = None
def _terminate(self) -> None:
"""Terminate the underlying process."""
if self.proc is None:
return
proc = self.proc
self.proc = None
if proc.stdin:
proc.stdin.close()
if proc.stdout:
proc.stdout.close()
if proc.stderr:
proc.stderr.close()
# Did the process finish already so we have a return code?
try:
if proc.poll() is not None:
self.status = self._status_code_if_terminate or proc.poll()
return
except OSError as ex:
_logger.info("Ignored error after process had died: %r", ex)
# It can be that nothing really exists anymore...
if os is None or getattr(os, "kill", None) is None:
return
# Try to kill it.
try:
proc.terminate()
status = proc.wait() # Ensure the process goes away.
self.status = self._status_code_if_terminate or status
except (OSError, AttributeError) as ex:
# On interpreter shutdown (notably on Windows), parts of the stdlib used by
# subprocess can already be torn down (e.g. `subprocess._winapi` becomes None),
# which can cause AttributeError during terminate(). In that case, we prefer
# to silently ignore to avoid noisy "Exception ignored in: __del__" messages.
_logger.info("Ignored error while terminating process: %r", ex)
# END exception handling
def __del__(self) -> None:
self._terminate()
def __getattr__(self, attr: str) -> Any:
return getattr(self.proc, attr)
# TODO: Bad choice to mimic `proc.wait()` but with different args.
def wait(self, stderr: Union[None, str, bytes] = b"") -> int:
"""Wait for the process and return its status code.
:param stderr:
Previously read value of stderr, in case stderr is already closed.
:warn:
May deadlock if output or error pipes are used and not handled separately.
:raise git.exc.GitCommandError:
If the return status is not 0.
"""
if stderr is None:
stderr_b = b""
stderr_b = force_bytes(data=stderr, encoding="utf-8")
status: Union[int, None]
if self.proc is not None:
status = self.proc.wait()
p_stderr = self.proc.stderr
else: # Assume the underlying proc was killed earlier or never existed.
status = self.status
p_stderr = None
def read_all_from_possibly_closed_stream(stream: Union[IO[bytes], None]) -> bytes:
if stream:
try:
return stderr_b + force_bytes(stream.read())
except (OSError, ValueError):
return stderr_b or b""
else:
return stderr_b or b""
# END status handling
if status != 0:
errstr = read_all_from_possibly_closed_stream(p_stderr)
_logger.debug("AutoInterrupt wait stderr: %r" % (errstr,))
raise GitCommandError(remove_password_if_present(self.args), status, errstr)
return status
_AutoInterrupt.__name__ = "AutoInterrupt"
_AutoInterrupt.__qualname__ = "Git.AutoInterrupt"
class _CatFileContentStream:
"""Object representing a sized read-only stream returning the contents of
an object.
This behaves like a stream, but counts the data read and simulates an empty stream
once our sized content region is empty.
If not all data are read to the end of the object's lifetime, we read the rest to
ensure the underlying stream continues to work.
"""
__slots__ = ("_stream", "_nbr", "_size")
def __init__(self, size: int, stream: IO[bytes]) -> None:
self._stream = stream
self._size = size
self._nbr = 0 # Number of bytes read.
# Special case: If the object is empty, has null bytes, get the final
# newline right away.
if size == 0:
stream.read(1)
# END handle empty streams
def read(self, size: int = -1) -> bytes:
bytes_left = self._size - self._nbr
if bytes_left == 0:
return b""
if size > -1:
# Ensure we don't try to read past our limit.
size = min(bytes_left, size)
else:
# They try to read all, make sure it's not more than what remains.
size = bytes_left
# END check early depletion
data = self._stream.read(size)
self._nbr += len(data)
# Check for depletion, read our final byte to make the stream usable by
# others.
if self._size - self._nbr == 0:
self._stream.read(1) # final newline
# END finish reading
return data
def readline(self, size: int = -1) -> bytes:
if self._nbr == self._size:
return b""
# Clamp size to lowest allowed value.
bytes_left = self._size - self._nbr
if size > -1:
size = min(bytes_left, size)
else:
size = bytes_left
# END handle size
data = self._stream.readline(size)
self._nbr += len(data)
# Handle final byte.
if self._size - self._nbr == 0:
self._stream.read(1)
# END finish reading
return data
def readlines(self, size: int = -1) -> List[bytes]:
if self._nbr == self._size:
return []
# Leave all additional logic to our readline method, we just check the size.
out = []
nbr = 0
while True:
line = self.readline()
if not line:
break
out.append(line)
if size > -1:
nbr += len(line)
if nbr > size:
break
# END handle size constraint
# END readline loop
return out
# skipcq: PYL-E0301
def __iter__(self) -> "Git.CatFileContentStream":
return self
def __next__(self) -> bytes:
line = self.readline()
if not line:
raise StopIteration
return line
next = __next__
def __del__(self) -> None:
bytes_left = self._size - self._nbr
if bytes_left:
# Read and discard - seeking is impossible within a stream.
# This includes any terminating newline.
self._stream.read(bytes_left + 1)
# END handle incomplete read
_CatFileContentStream.__name__ = "CatFileContentStream"
_CatFileContentStream.__qualname__ = "Git.CatFileContentStream"
_USE_SHELL_DEFAULT_MESSAGE = (
"Git.USE_SHELL is deprecated, because only its default value of False is safe. "
"It will be removed in a future release."
)
_USE_SHELL_DANGER_MESSAGE = (
"Setting Git.USE_SHELL to True is unsafe and insecure, as the effect of special "
"shell syntax cannot usually be accounted for. This can result in a command "
"injection vulnerability and arbitrary code execution. Git.USE_SHELL is deprecated "
"and will be removed in a future release."
)
def _warn_use_shell(*, extra_danger: bool) -> None:
warnings.warn(
_USE_SHELL_DANGER_MESSAGE if extra_danger else _USE_SHELL_DEFAULT_MESSAGE,
DeprecationWarning,
stacklevel=3,
)
class _GitMeta(type):
"""Metaclass for :class:`Git`.
This helps issue :class:`DeprecationWarning` if :attr:`Git.USE_SHELL` is used.
"""
def __getattribute(cls, name: str) -> Any:
if name == "USE_SHELL":
_warn_use_shell(extra_danger=False)
return super().__getattribute__(name)
def __setattr(cls, name: str, value: Any) -> Any:
if name == "USE_SHELL":
_warn_use_shell(extra_danger=value)
super().__setattr__(name, value)
if not TYPE_CHECKING:
# To preserve static checking for undefined/misspelled attributes while letting
# the methods' bodies be type-checked, these are defined as non-special methods,
# then bound to special names out of view of static type checkers. (The original
# names invoke name mangling (leading "__") to avoid confusion in other scopes.)
__getattribute__ = __getattribute
__setattr__ = __setattr
GitMeta = _GitMeta
"""Alias of :class:`Git`'s metaclass, whether it is :class:`type` or a custom metaclass.
Whether the :class:`Git` class has the default :class:`type` as its metaclass or uses a
custom metaclass is not documented and may change at any time. This statically checkable
metaclass alias is equivalent at runtime to ``type(Git)``. This should almost never be
used. Code that benefits from it is likely to be remain brittle even if it is used.
In view of the :class:`Git` class's intended use and :class:`Git` objects' dynamic
callable attributes representing git subcommands, it rarely makes sense to inherit from
:class:`Git` at all. Using :class:`Git` in multiple inheritance can be especially tricky
to do correctly. Attempting uses of :class:`Git` where its metaclass is relevant, such
as when a sibling class has an unrelated metaclass and a shared lower bound metaclass
might have to be introduced to solve a metaclass conflict, is not recommended.
:note:
The correct static type of the :class:`Git` class itself, and any subclasses, is
``Type[Git]``. (This can be written as ``type[Git]`` in Python 3.9 later.)
:class:`GitMeta` should never be used in any annotation where ``Type[Git]`` is
intended or otherwise possible to use. This alias is truly only for very rare and
inherently precarious situations where it is necessary to deal with the metaclass
explicitly.
"""
class Git(metaclass=_GitMeta):
"""The Git class manages communication with the Git binary.
It provides a convenient interface to calling the Git binary, such as in::
g = Git( git_dir )
g.init() # calls 'git init' program
rval = g.ls_files() # calls 'git ls-files' program
Debugging:
* Set the :envvar:`GIT_PYTHON_TRACE` environment variable to print each invocation
of the command to stdout.
* Set its value to ``full`` to see details about the returned values.
"""
__slots__ = (
"_working_dir",
"cat_file_all",
"cat_file_header",
"_version_info",
"_version_info_token",
"_git_options",
"_persistent_git_options",
"_environment",
)
_excluded_ = (
"cat_file_all",
"cat_file_header",
"_version_info",
"_version_info_token",
)
re_unsafe_protocol = re.compile(r"(.+)::.+")
unsafe_git_ls_remote_options = [
# This option allows arbitrary command execution in git-ls-remote.
"--upload-pack",
]
def __getstate__(self) -> Dict[str, Any]:
return slots_to_dict(self, exclude=self._excluded_)
def __setstate__(self, d: Dict[str, Any]) -> None:
dict_to_slots_and__excluded_are_none(self, d, excluded=self._excluded_)
# CONFIGURATION
git_exec_name = "git"
"""Default git command that should work on Linux, Windows, and other systems."""
GIT_PYTHON_TRACE = os.environ.get("GIT_PYTHON_TRACE", False)
"""Enables debugging of GitPython's git commands."""
USE_SHELL: bool = False
"""Deprecated. If set to ``True``, a shell will be used when executing git commands.
Code that uses ``USE_SHELL = True`` or that passes ``shell=True`` to any GitPython
functions should be updated to use the default value of ``False`` instead. ``True``
is unsafe unless the effect of syntax treated specially by the shell is fully
considered and accounted for, which is not possible under most circumstances. As
detailed below, it is also no longer needed, even where it had been in the past.
It is in many if not most cases a command injection vulnerability for an application
to set :attr:`USE_SHELL` to ``True``. Any attacker who can cause a specially crafted
fragment of text to make its way into any part of any argument to any git command
(including paths, branch names, etc.) can cause the shell to read and write
arbitrary files and execute arbitrary commands. Innocent input may also accidentally
contain special shell syntax, leading to inadvertent malfunctions.
In addition, how a value of ``True`` interacts with some aspects of GitPython's
operation is not precisely specified and may change without warning, even before
GitPython 4.0.0 when :attr:`USE_SHELL` may be removed. This includes:
* Whether or how GitPython automatically customizes the shell environment.
* Whether, outside of Windows (where :class:`subprocess.Popen` supports lists of
separate arguments even when ``shell=True``), this can be used with any GitPython
functionality other than direct calls to the :meth:`execute` method.
* Whether any GitPython feature that runs git commands ever attempts to partially
sanitize data a shell may treat specially. Currently this is not done.
Prior to GitPython 2.0.8, this had a narrow purpose in suppressing console windows
in graphical Windows applications. In 2.0.8 and higher, it provides no benefit, as
GitPython solves that problem more robustly and safely by using the
``CREATE_NO_WINDOW`` process creation flag on Windows.
Because Windows path search differs subtly based on whether a shell is used, in rare
cases changing this from ``True`` to ``False`` may keep an unusual git "executable",
such as a batch file, from being found. To fix this, set the command name or full
path in the :envvar:`GIT_PYTHON_GIT_EXECUTABLE` environment variable or pass the
full path to :func:`git.refresh` (or invoke the script using a ``.exe`` shim).
Further reading:
* :meth:`Git.execute` (on the ``shell`` parameter).
* https://github.com/gitpython-developers/GitPython/commit/0d9390866f9ce42870d3116094cd49e0019a970a
* https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/procthread/process-creation-flags
* https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/91558#issuecomment-1100942950
* https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/api/processthreadsapi/nf-processthreadsapi-createprocessw
"""
_git_exec_env_var = "GIT_PYTHON_GIT_EXECUTABLE"
_refresh_env_var = "GIT_PYTHON_REFRESH"
GIT_PYTHON_GIT_EXECUTABLE = None
"""Provide the full path to the git executable. Otherwise it assumes git is in the
executable search path.
:note:
The git executable is actually found during the refresh step in the top level
``__init__``. It can also be changed by explicitly calling :func:`git.refresh`.
"""
_refresh_token = object() # Since None would match an initial _version_info_token.
@classmethod
def refresh(cls, path: Union[None, PathLike] = None) -> bool:
"""Update information about the git executable :class:`Git` objects will use.
Called by the :func:`git.refresh` function in the top level ``__init__``.
:param path:
Optional path to the git executable. If not absolute, it is resolved
immediately, relative to the current directory. (See note below.)
:note:
The top-level :func:`git.refresh` should be preferred because it calls this
method and may also update other state accordingly.
:note:
There are three different ways to specify the command that refreshing causes
to be used for git:
1. Pass no `path` argument and do not set the
:envvar:`GIT_PYTHON_GIT_EXECUTABLE` environment variable. The command
name ``git`` is used. It is looked up in a path search by the system, in
each command run (roughly similar to how git is found when running
``git`` commands manually). This is usually the desired behavior.
2. Pass no `path` argument but set the :envvar:`GIT_PYTHON_GIT_EXECUTABLE`
environment variable. The command given as the value of that variable is
used. This may be a simple command or an arbitrary path. It is looked up
in each command run. Setting :envvar:`GIT_PYTHON_GIT_EXECUTABLE` to
``git`` has the same effect as not setting it.
3. Pass a `path` argument. This path, if not absolute, is immediately
resolved, relative to the current directory. This resolution occurs at
the time of the refresh. When git commands are run, they are run using
that previously resolved path. If a `path` argument is passed, the
:envvar:`GIT_PYTHON_GIT_EXECUTABLE` environment variable is not
consulted.
:note:
Refreshing always sets the :attr:`Git.GIT_PYTHON_GIT_EXECUTABLE` class
attribute, which can be read on the :class:`Git` class or any of its
instances to check what command is used to run git. This attribute should
not be confused with the related :envvar:`GIT_PYTHON_GIT_EXECUTABLE`
environment variable. The class attribute is set no matter how refreshing is
performed.
"""
# Discern which path to refresh with.
if path is not None:
new_git = os.path.expanduser(path)
new_git = os.path.abspath(new_git)
else:
new_git = os.environ.get(cls._git_exec_env_var, cls.git_exec_name)
# Keep track of the old and new git executable path.
old_git = cls.GIT_PYTHON_GIT_EXECUTABLE
old_refresh_token = cls._refresh_token
cls.GIT_PYTHON_GIT_EXECUTABLE = new_git
cls._refresh_token = object()
# Test if the new git executable path is valid. A GitCommandNotFound error is
# raised by us. A PermissionError is raised if the git executable cannot be
# executed for whatever reason.
has_git = False
try:
cls().version()
has_git = True
except (GitCommandNotFound, PermissionError):
pass
# Warn or raise exception if test failed.
if not has_git:
err = (
dedent(
"""\
Bad git executable.
The git executable must be specified in one of the following ways:
- be included in your $PATH
- be set via $%s
- explicitly set via git.refresh(<full-path-to-git-executable>)
"""
)
% cls._git_exec_env_var
)
# Revert to whatever the old_git was.
cls.GIT_PYTHON_GIT_EXECUTABLE = old_git
cls._refresh_token = old_refresh_token
if old_git is None:
# On the first refresh (when GIT_PYTHON_GIT_EXECUTABLE is None) we only
# are quiet, warn, or error depending on the GIT_PYTHON_REFRESH value.
# Determine what the user wants to happen during the initial refresh. We
# expect GIT_PYTHON_REFRESH to either be unset or be one of the
# following values:
#
# 0|q|quiet|s|silence|silent|n|none
# 1|w|warn|warning|l|log
# 2|r|raise|e|error|exception
mode = os.environ.get(cls._refresh_env_var, "raise").lower()
quiet = ["quiet", "q", "silence", "s", "silent", "none", "n", "0"]
warn = ["warn", "w", "warning", "log", "l", "1"]
error = ["error", "e", "exception", "raise", "r", "2"]
if mode in quiet:
pass
elif mode in warn or mode in error:
err = dedent(
"""\
%s
All git commands will error until this is rectified.
This initial message can be silenced or aggravated in the future by setting the
$%s environment variable. Use one of the following values:
- %s: for no message or exception
- %s: for a warning message (logging level CRITICAL, displayed by default)
- %s: for a raised exception
Example:
export %s=%s
"""
) % (
err,
cls._refresh_env_var,
"|".join(quiet),
"|".join(warn),
"|".join(error),
cls._refresh_env_var,
quiet[0],
)
if mode in warn:
_logger.critical(err)
else:
raise ImportError(err)
else:
err = dedent(
"""\
%s environment variable has been set but it has been set with an invalid value.
Use only the following values:
- %s: for no message or exception
- %s: for a warning message (logging level CRITICAL, displayed by default)
- %s: for a raised exception
"""
) % (
cls._refresh_env_var,
"|".join(quiet),
"|".join(warn),
"|".join(error),
)
raise ImportError(err)
# We get here if this was the initial refresh and the refresh mode was
# not error. Go ahead and set the GIT_PYTHON_GIT_EXECUTABLE such that we
# discern the difference between the first refresh at import time
# and subsequent calls to git.refresh or this refresh method.
cls.GIT_PYTHON_GIT_EXECUTABLE = cls.git_exec_name
else:
# After the first refresh (when GIT_PYTHON_GIT_EXECUTABLE is no longer
# None) we raise an exception.
raise GitCommandNotFound(new_git, err)
return has_git
@classmethod
def is_cygwin(cls) -> bool:
return is_cygwin_git(cls.GIT_PYTHON_GIT_EXECUTABLE)
@overload
@classmethod
def polish_url(cls, url: str, is_cygwin: Literal[False] = ..., expand_vars: bool = ...) -> str: ...
@overload
@classmethod
def polish_url(cls, url: str, is_cygwin: Union[None, bool] = None, expand_vars: bool = True) -> str: ...
@classmethod
def polish_url(cls, url: str, is_cygwin: Union[None, bool] = None, expand_vars: bool = True) -> PathLike:
"""Remove any backslashes from URLs to be written in config files.
Windows might create config files containing paths with backslashes, but git
stops liking them as it will escape the backslashes. Hence we undo the escaping
just to be sure.
:param expand_vars:
Expand environment variables and an initial ``~``. Disable this for values
obtained from an untrusted source, such as remote URLs.
"""
if is_cygwin is None:
is_cygwin = cls.is_cygwin()
if is_cygwin:
url = cygpath(url, expand_vars=expand_vars)
else:
if expand_vars:
url = os.path.expandvars(url)
if url.startswith("~"):
url = os.path.expanduser(url)
url = url.replace("\\\\", "\\").replace("\\", "/")
return url
@classmethod
def check_unsafe_protocols(cls, url: str) -> None:
"""Check for unsafe protocols.
Apart from the usual protocols (http, git, ssh), Git allows "remote helpers"
that have the form ``<transport>::<address>``. One of these helpers (``ext::``)
can be used to invoke any arbitrary command.
See:
- https://git-scm.com/docs/gitremote-helpers
- https://git-scm.com/docs/git-remote-ext
"""
match = cls.re_unsafe_protocol.match(url)
if match:
protocol = match.group(1)
raise UnsafeProtocolError(
f"The `{protocol}::` protocol looks suspicious, use `allow_unsafe_protocols=True` to allow it."
)
@classmethod
def _canonicalize_option_name(cls, option: str) -> str:
"""Return the option name used for unsafe-option checks.
Examples:
``"--upload-pack=/tmp/helper"`` -> ``"upload-pack"``
``"upload_pack"`` -> ``"upload-pack"``
``"--config core.filemode=false"`` -> ``"config"``
"""
option_name = option.lstrip("-").split("=", 1)[0]
option_tokens = option_name.split(None, 1)
if not option_tokens:
return ""
return dashify(option_tokens[0])
@classmethod
def check_unsafe_options(cls, options: List[str], unsafe_options: List[str]) -> None:
"""Raise :class:`~git.exc.UnsafeOptionError` for blocked option spellings.
In addition to exact matches, this rejects abbreviated long options accepted
by Git (for example, ``--upl`` for ``--upload-pack``) and unsafe short options
whose values are joined to the same token, including after clusterable flags
(for example, ``-uVALUE`` and ``-fuVALUE``).
A list containing only bare names is treated as normalized keyword arguments,
so multi-character names such as ``upload_p`` are checked as long-option
abbreviations. If any item starts with ``-``, the list is treated as tokenized
command-line input: bare items can be option values and are not checked as
abbreviations. Thus ``["--origin", "upload"]`` is allowed. Single-dash options
use short-option parsing rather than broad prefix matching, preserving safe
attached values such as ``-oupstream`` and ``-bcurrent``.
Some options passed to ``git <command>`` can execute arbitrary commands and
are therefore blocked by default unless the caller explicitly allows them.
"""
# Options can be of the form `foo`, `--foo`, `--foo bar`, or `--foo=bar`.
# Git accepts any unambiguous prefix of a long option, so an abbreviated
# spelling such as `--upl` for `--upload-pack` must be rejected too. An
# option is unsafe if its canonical name is a prefix of any blocked
# option's canonical name. Only long options and multi-character kwargs
# can be abbreviations; single-character short options remain exact-match
# only.
canonical_unsafe_options = {cls._canonicalize_option_name(option): option for option in unsafe_options}
unsafe_short_options = {
You can’t perform that action at this time.