@@ -52,10 +52,14 @@ def documents
   def handle_parser_error(response)
     raise AllsearchError.new(
       problem: 'UPSTREAM_ERROR',
-      msg: "Query to upstream failed with #{ActionController::Base.helpers.strip_tags(response)}"
+      msg: "Query to upstream failed with #{strip_html_tags(response)}"
     )
   end
 
+  def strip_html_tags(text)
+    text.gsub(/<[^>]*>/, '')
+  end
+
   def query_is_too_long?
     @query_terms.length > maximum_characters
   end
 
@@ -19,15 +19,15 @@ def service
   end
 
   def title
-    document[:readonly_title_ssim]&.first
+    Array(document[:readonly_title_ssim]).first
   end
 
   def creator
-    document[:readonly_creator_ssim]&.first
+    Array(document[:readonly_creator_ssim]).first
   end
 
   def publisher
-    document[:readonly_publisher_ssim]&.first
+    Array(document[:readonly_publisher_ssim]).first
   end
 
   def type
 
@@ -47,13 +47,16 @@ def status_code
       end
 
       def as_json
-        {
-          text:,
-          display_banner: display?,
-          alert_status: status_code,
-          dismissible:,
-          autoclear:
-        }.to_json
+        require 'active_support/json'
+        ActiveSupport::JSON.encode(
+          {
+            text:,
+            display_banner: display?,
+            alert_status: status_code,
+            dismissible:,
+            autoclear:
+          }
+        )
       end
     end
   end
 
@@ -2,27 +2,14 @@
 
 require_relative 'boot'
 
+require 'active_record'
+
 require_relative 'lando_env'
 require_relative 'db_connection'
 
 # Require the gems listed in Gemfile, including any gems
 # you've limited to :test, :development, or :production.
 Bundler.require(*CURRENT_ENVIRONMENT.bundler_groups)
 
-module BentoRailsApi
-  class Application < Rails::Application
-    # Initialize configuration defaults for originally generated Rails version.
-    config.load_defaults 8.0
-
-    # Use the sql format so that we can capture our postgres custom search configuration
-    config.active_record.schema_format = :sql
-
-    # Configuration for the application, engines, and railties goes here.
-    #
-    # These settings can be overridden in specific environments using the files
-    # in config/environments, which are processed later.
-    #
-    # config.time_zone = "Central Time (US & Canada)"
-    # config.eager_load_paths << Rails.root.join("extras")
-  end
-end
+# Use the sql format so that we can capture our postgres custom search configuration
+ActiveRecord.schema_format = :sql
@@ -84,10 +84,12 @@
     end
   end
 
-  context 'when Rails raises NoMethodError during CSVLoadingService initialization' do
+  context 'when rom_container raises NoMethodError during CSVLoadingService initialization' do
     it 'falls back to RomFactory and still works' do
-      allow(Rails).to receive(:application).and_raise(NoMethodError)
-      expect { described_class.new.run }.to change(best_bet, :count).by(7)
+      broken_rom = instance_double(ROM::Container)
+      allow(broken_rom).to receive(:relations).and_raise(NoMethodError)
+      service = described_class.new(rom_container: broken_rom)
+      expect { service.run }.to change(best_bet, :count).by(7)
     end
   end
 end