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/*
Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
Copyright (C) 2004-2021 The Stockfish developers (see AUTHORS file)
Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
(at your option) any later version.
Stockfish is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
GNU General Public License for more details.
You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
along with this program. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
*/
#include <cassert>
#include <cmath>
#include <iostream>
#include <sstream>
#include <string>
#include "evaluate.h"
#include "movegen.h"
#include "position.h"
#include "search.h"
#include "thread.h"
#include "timeman.h"
#include "tt.h"
#include "uci.h"
#include "syzygy/tbprobe.h"
using namespace std;
namespace Stockfish {
extern vector<string> setup_bench(const Position&, istream&);
namespace {
// FEN string of the initial position, normal chess
const char* StartFEN = "rnbqkbnr/pppppppp/8/8/8/8/PPPPPPPP/RNBQKBNR w KQkq - 0 1";
// position() is called when engine receives the "position" UCI command.
// The function sets up the position described in the given FEN string ("fen")
// or the starting position ("startpos") and then makes the moves given in the
// following move list ("moves").
void position(Position& pos, istringstream& is, StateListPtr& states) {
Move m;
string token, fen;
is >> token;
if (token == "startpos")
{
fen = StartFEN;
is >> token; // Consume "moves" token if any
}
else if (token == "fen")
while (is >> token && token != "moves")
fen += token + " ";
else
return;
states = StateListPtr(new std::deque<StateInfo>(1)); // Drop old and create a new one
pos.set(fen, Options["UCI_Chess960"], &states->back(), Threads.main());
// Parse move list (if any)
while (is >> token && (m = UCI::to_move(pos, token)) != MOVE_NONE)
{
states->emplace_back();
pos.do_move(m, states->back());
}
}
// trace_eval() prints the evaluation for the current position, consistent with the UCI
// options set so far.
void trace_eval(Position& pos) {
StateListPtr states(new std::deque<StateInfo>(1));
Position p;
p.set(pos.fen(), Options["UCI_Chess960"], &states->back(), Threads.main());
Eval::NNUE::verify();
sync_cout << "\n" << Eval::trace(p) << sync_endl;
}
// setoption() is called when engine receives the "setoption" UCI command. The
// function updates the UCI option ("name") to the given value ("value").
void setoption(istringstream& is) {
string token, name, value;
is >> token; // Consume "name" token
// Read option name (can contain spaces)
while (is >> token && token != "value")
name += (name.empty() ? "" : " ") + token;
// Read option value (can contain spaces)
while (is >> token)
value += (value.empty() ? "" : " ") + token;
if (Options.count(name))
Options[name] = value;
else
sync_cout << "No such option: " << name << sync_endl;
}
// go() is called when engine receives the "go" UCI command. The function sets
// the thinking time and other parameters from the input string, then starts
// the search.
void go(Position& pos, istringstream& is, StateListPtr& states) {
Search::LimitsType limits;
string token;
bool ponderMode = false;
limits.startTime = now(); // As early as possible!
while (is >> token)
if (token == "searchmoves") // Needs to be the last command on the line
while (is >> token)
limits.searchmoves.push_back(UCI::to_move(pos, token));
else if (token == "wtime") is >> limits.time[WHITE];
else if (token == "btime") is >> limits.time[BLACK];
else if (token == "winc") is >> limits.inc[WHITE];
else if (token == "binc") is >> limits.inc[BLACK];
else if (token == "movestogo") is >> limits.movestogo;
else if (token == "depth") is >> limits.depth;
else if (token == "nodes") is >> limits.nodes;
else if (token == "movetime") is >> limits.movetime;
else if (token == "mate") is >> limits.mate;
else if (token == "perft") is >> limits.perft;
else if (token == "infinite") limits.infinite = 1;
else if (token == "ponder") ponderMode = true;
Threads.start_thinking(pos, states, limits, ponderMode);
}
// bench() is called when engine receives the "bench" command. Firstly
// a list of UCI commands is setup according to bench parameters, then
// it is run one by one printing a summary at the end.
void bench(Position& pos, istream& args, StateListPtr& states) {
string token;
uint64_t num, nodes = 0, cnt = 1;
vector<string> list = setup_bench(pos, args);
num = count_if(list.begin(), list.end(), [](string s) { return s.find("go ") == 0 || s.find("eval") == 0; });
TimePoint elapsed = now();
for (const auto& cmd : list)
{
istringstream is(cmd);
is >> skipws >> token;
if (token == "go" || token == "eval")
{
cerr << "\nPosition: " << cnt++ << '/' << num << " (" << pos.fen() << ")" << endl;
if (token == "go")
{
go(pos, is, states);
Threads.main()->wait_for_search_finished();
nodes += Threads.nodes_searched();
}
else
trace_eval(pos);
}
else if (token == "setoption") setoption(is);
else if (token == "position") position(pos, is, states);
else if (token == "ucinewgame") { Search::clear(); elapsed = now(); } // Search::clear() may take some while
}
elapsed = now() - elapsed + 1; // Ensure positivity to avoid a 'divide by zero'
dbg_print(); // Just before exiting
cerr << "\n==========================="
<< "\nTotal time (ms) : " << elapsed
<< "\nNodes searched : " << nodes
<< "\nNodes/second : " << 1000 * nodes / elapsed << endl;
}
// The win rate model returns the probability (per mille) of winning given an eval
// and a game-ply. The model fits rather accurately the LTC fishtest statistics.
int win_rate_model(Value v, int ply) {
// The model captures only up to 240 plies, so limit input (and rescale)
double m = std::min(240, ply) / 64.0;
// Coefficients of a 3rd order polynomial fit based on fishtest data
// for two parameters needed to transform eval to the argument of a
// logistic function.
double as[] = {-3.68389304, 30.07065921, -60.52878723, 149.53378557};
double bs[] = {-2.0181857, 15.85685038, -29.83452023, 47.59078827};
double a = (((as[0] * m + as[1]) * m + as[2]) * m) + as[3];
double b = (((bs[0] * m + bs[1]) * m + bs[2]) * m) + bs[3];
// Transform eval to centipawns with limited range
double x = std::clamp(double(100 * v) / PawnValueEg, -2000.0, 2000.0);
// Return win rate in per mille (rounded to nearest)
return int(0.5 + 1000 / (1 + std::exp((a - x) / b)));
}
} // namespace
/// UCI::loop() waits for a command from stdin, parses it and calls the appropriate
/// function. Also intercepts EOF from stdin to ensure gracefully exiting if the
/// GUI dies unexpectedly. When called with some command line arguments, e.g. to
/// run 'bench', once the command is executed the function returns immediately.
/// In addition to the UCI ones, also some additional debug commands are supported.
void UCI::loop(int argc, char* argv[]) {
Position pos;
string token, cmd;
StateListPtr states(new std::deque<StateInfo>(1));
pos.set(StartFEN, false, &states->back(), Threads.main());
for (int i = 1; i < argc; ++i)
cmd += std::string(argv[i]) + " ";
do {
if (argc == 1 && !getline(cin, cmd)) // Block here waiting for input or EOF
cmd = "quit";
istringstream is(cmd);
token.clear(); // Avoid a stale if getline() returns empty or blank line
is >> skipws >> token;
if ( token == "quit"
|| token == "stop")
Threads.stop = true;
// The GUI sends 'ponderhit' to tell us the user has played the expected move.
// So 'ponderhit' will be sent if we were told to ponder on the same move the
// user has played. We should continue searching but switch from pondering to
// normal search.
else if (token == "ponderhit")
Threads.main()->ponder = false; // Switch to normal search
else if (token == "uci")
sync_cout << "id name " << engine_info(true)
<< "\n" << Options
<< "\nuciok" << sync_endl;
else if (token == "setoption") setoption(is);
else if (token == "go") go(pos, is, states);
else if (token == "position") position(pos, is, states);
else if (token == "ucinewgame") Search::clear();
else if (token == "isready") sync_cout << "readyok" << sync_endl;
// Additional custom non-UCI commands, mainly for debugging.
// Do not use these commands during a search!
else if (token == "flip") pos.flip();
else if (token == "bench") bench(pos, is, states);
else if (token == "d") sync_cout << pos << sync_endl;
else if (token == "eval") trace_eval(pos);
else if (token == "compiler") sync_cout << compiler_info() << sync_endl;
else if (token == "export_net")
{
std::optional<std::string> filename;
std::string f;
if (is >> skipws >> f)
filename = f;
Eval::NNUE::save_eval(filename);
}
else if (!token.empty() && token[0] != '#')
sync_cout << "Unknown command: " << cmd << sync_endl;
} while (token != "quit" && argc == 1); // Command line args are one-shot
}
/// UCI::value() converts a Value to a string suitable for use with the UCI
/// protocol specification:
///
/// cp <x> The score from the engine's point of view in centipawns.
/// mate <y> Mate in y moves, not plies. If the engine is getting mated
/// use negative values for y.
string UCI::value(Value v) {
assert(-VALUE_INFINITE < v && v < VALUE_INFINITE);
stringstream ss;
if (abs(v) < VALUE_MATE_IN_MAX_PLY)
ss << "cp " << v * 100 / PawnValueEg;
else
ss << "mate " << (v > 0 ? VALUE_MATE - v + 1 : -VALUE_MATE - v) / 2;
return ss.str();
}
/// UCI::wdl() report WDL statistics given an evaluation and a game ply, based on
/// data gathered for fishtest LTC games.
string UCI::wdl(Value v, int ply) {
stringstream ss;
int wdl_w = win_rate_model( v, ply);
int wdl_l = win_rate_model(-v, ply);
int wdl_d = 1000 - wdl_w - wdl_l;
ss << " wdl " << wdl_w << " " << wdl_d << " " << wdl_l;
return ss.str();
}
/// UCI::square() converts a Square to a string in algebraic notation (g1, a7, etc.)
std::string UCI::square(Square s) {
return std::string{ char('a' + file_of(s)), char('1' + rank_of(s)) };
}
/// UCI::move() converts a Move to a string in coordinate notation (g1f3, a7a8q).
/// The only special case is castling, where we print in the e1g1 notation in
/// normal chess mode, and in e1h1 notation in chess960 mode. Internally all
/// castling moves are always encoded as 'king captures rook'.
string UCI::move(Move m, bool chess960) {
Square from = from_sq(m);
Square to = to_sq(m);
if (m == MOVE_NONE)
return "(none)";
if (m == MOVE_NULL)
return "0000";
if (type_of(m) == CASTLING && !chess960)
to = make_square(to > from ? FILE_G : FILE_C, rank_of(from));
string move = UCI::square(from) + UCI::square(to);
if (type_of(m) == PROMOTION)
move += " pnbrqk"[promotion_type(m)];
return move;
}
/// UCI::to_move() converts a string representing a move in coordinate notation
/// (g1f3, a7a8q) to the corresponding legal Move, if any.
Move UCI::to_move(const Position& pos, string& str) {
if (str.length() == 5) // Junior could send promotion piece in uppercase
str[4] = char(tolower(str[4]));
for (const auto& m : MoveList<LEGAL>(pos))
if (str == UCI::move(m, pos.is_chess960()))
return m;
return MOVE_NONE;
}
} // namespace Stockfish
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