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def hex_to_bin(hex_num: str) -> int:

"""

Convert a hexadecimal value to its binary equivalent

#https://stackoverflow.com/questions/1425493/convert-hex-to-binary

Here, we have used the bitwise right shift operator: >>

Shifts the bits of the number to the right and fills 0 on voids left as a result.

Similar effect as of dividing the number with some power of two.

Example:

a = 10

a >> 1 = 5

>>> hex_to_bin("AC")

10101100

>>> hex_to_bin("9A4")

100110100100

>>> hex_to_bin(" 12f ")

100101111

>>> hex_to_bin("FfFf")

1111111111111111

>>> hex_to_bin("-fFfF")

-1111111111111111

>>> hex_to_bin("F-f")

Traceback (most recent call last):

...

ValueError: Invalid value was passed to the function

>>> hex_to_bin("")

Traceback (most recent call last):

...

ValueError: No value was passed to the function

"""

hex_num = hex_num.strip()

if not hex_num:

raise ValueError("No value was passed to the function")

is_negative = hex_num[0] == "-"

if is_negative:

hex_num = hex_num[1:]

try:

int_num = int(hex_num, 16)

except ValueError:

raise ValueError("Invalid value was passed to the function")

bin_str = ""

while int_num > 0:

bin_str = str(int_num % 2) + bin_str

int_num >>= 1

return int(("-" + bin_str) if is_negative else bin_str)

if __name__ == "__main__":

import doctest

doctest.testmod()

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