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B = 'Bimri'

# Offset from left to right using indices

print(B[0])

print(B[1])

print(B[2])

print(B[4])

# Backward offseting - from right to left

# using negative indexes

print(B[-1])

print(B[-2])

print(B[-3])

print(B[-5])

# Negative indexing, THE-HARD-WAY!!!

print(B[len(B)-1])

# Slicing -> generic form = X[I:J]

print(B)

print(B[1:4])

print()

print(B[1:]) # everything past the first(1:len(B))

print(B)

print(B[0:3]) #everything but the last two

print(B[:4])

print(B[:-1])

print(B[:]) # All of B as a top-level copy(0:len(B))

print()

# Concatenation

print(B + ' is coding python basics.\n')

#Repetition

print(B * 8)

"Strings are immutable by nature"

# To change them in-place: - run an expression to make new objects

print()

print(B)

B = 'X' + B[1:]

print(B)

print()

'''

Changing Strings in place: by first converting it into

a list

'''

S = 'shrubberry'

L = list(S) # Expand to a list: [...]

print(L)

L[1] = 'c' # Change in place

print(''.join(L)) # Join with empty delimeter

print()

O = bytearray(b'oranges') # A byte/list hybrid

O.extend(b'lemons')

print(O)

print(O.decode()) # translate to normal string