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package DataStructures.Bags;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.NoSuchElementException;
 * Collection which does not allow removing elements (only collect and iterate)
 * @param <Element> - the generic type of an element in this bag
public class Bag<Element> implements Iterable<Element> {
    private Node<Element> firstElement; // first element of the bag
    private int size; // size of bag
    private static class Node<Element> {
        private Element content;
        private Node<Element> nextElement;
     * Create an empty bag
    public Bag() {
        firstElement = null;
        size = 0;
     * @return true if this bag is empty, false otherwise
    public boolean isEmpty() {
        return firstElement == null;
     * @return the number of elements
    public int size() {
        return size;
     * @param element - the element to add
    public void add(Element element) {
        Node<Element> oldfirst = firstElement;
        firstElement = new Node<>();
        firstElement.content = element;
        firstElement.nextElement = oldfirst;
        size++;
     * Checks if the bag contains a specific element
     * @param element which you want to look for
     * @return true if bag contains element, otherwise false
    public boolean contains(Element element) {
        Iterator<Element> iterator = this.iterator();
        while (iterator.hasNext()) {
            if (iterator.next().equals(element)) {
                return true;
        return false;
     * @return an iterator that iterates over the elements in this bag in arbitrary order
    public Iterator<Element> iterator() {
        return new ListIterator<>(firstElement);
    @SuppressWarnings("hiding")
    private class ListIterator<Element> implements Iterator<Element> {
        private Node<Element> currentElement;
        public ListIterator(Node<Element> firstElement) {
            currentElement = firstElement;
        public boolean hasNext() {
            return currentElement != null;
        /**
         * remove is not allowed in a bag
        @Override
        public void remove() {
            throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
        public Element next() {
            if (!hasNext())
                throw new NoSuchElementException();
            Element element = currentElement.content;
            currentElement = currentElement.nextElement;
            return element;
     * main-method for testing
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Bag<String> bag = new Bag<>();
        bag.add("1");
        bag.add("1");
        bag.add("2");
        System.out.println("size of bag = " + bag.size());
        for (String s : bag) {
            System.out.println(s);
        System.out.println(bag.contains(null));
        System.out.println(bag.contains("1"));
        System.out.println(bag.contains("3"));

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