Start PowerShell with -NonInteractive:

pwsh -NoProfile -NonInteractive -File ./script.ps1

This makes PowerShell host prompts fail instead of waiting for input. I tested your nonempty-directory example on PowerShell 7.6.5: Remove-Item reported PowerShell is in NonInteractive mode. Read and Prompt functionality is not available., and the directory remained intact.

See about_Pwsh -NonInteractive. It applies to PowerShell prompts, including Read-Host and confirmation prompts; external programs can have their own input behavior.

If the caller also requires a nonzero exit status, wrap the automation commands inside the script:

$ErrorActionPreference = 'Stop'
try {
    # Your automation commands here
} catch {
    Write-Error $_ -ErrorAction Continue
    exit 1
}

I also tested this wrapper with the same Remove-Item example: it reported the prompt error, kept the directory, and returned exit code 1.