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"""This module contains a code example related to
Think Python, 2nd Edition
by Allen Downey
http://thinkpython2.com
Copyright 2015 Allen Downey
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
from __future__ import print_function, division
import random
class Card:
    """Represents a standard playing card.
    Attributes:
      suit: integer 0-3
      rank: integer 1-13
    suit_names = ["Clubs", "Diamonds", "Hearts", "Spades"]
    rank_names = [None, "Ace", "2", "3", "4", "5", "6", "7", 
              "8", "9", "10", "Jack", "Queen", "King"]
    def __init__(self, suit=0, rank=2):
        self.suit = suit
        self.rank = rank
    def __str__(self):
        """Returns a human-readable string representation."""
        return '%s of %s' % (Card.rank_names[self.rank],
                             Card.suit_names[self.suit])
    def __lt__(self, other):
        """Compares this card to other, first by suit, then rank.
        returns: boolean
        """
        t1 = self.suit, self.rank
        t2 = other.suit, other.rank
        return t1 < t2
class Deck:
    """Represents a deck of cards.
    Attributes:
      cards: list of Card objects.
    def __init__(self):
        """Initializes the Deck with 52 cards.
        """
        self.cards = []
        for suit in range(4):
            for rank in range(1, 14):
                card = Card(suit, rank)
                self.cards.append(card)
    def __str__(self):
        """Returns a string representation of the deck.
        """
        res = []
        for card in self.cards:
            res.append(str(card))
        return '\n'.join(res)
    def add_card(self, card):
        """Adds a card to the deck.
        card: Card
        """
        self.cards.append(card)
    def remove_card(self, card):
        """Removes a card from the deck or raises exception if it is not there.
        card: Card
        """
        self.cards.remove(card)
    def pop_card(self, i=-1):
        """Removes and returns a card from the deck.
        i: index of the card to pop; by default, pops the last card.
        """
        return self.cards.pop(i)
    def shuffle(self):
        """Shuffles the cards in this deck."""
        random.shuffle(self.cards)
    def sort(self):
        """Sorts the cards in ascending order."""
        self.cards.sort()
    def move_cards(self, hand, num):
        """Moves the given number of cards from the deck into the Hand.
        hand: destination Hand object
        num: integer number of cards to move
        """
        for i in range(num):
            hand.add_card(self.pop_card())
class Hand(Deck):
    """Represents a hand of playing cards."""
    def __init__(self, label=''):
        self.cards = []
        self.label = label
def find_defining_class(obj, method_name):
    """Finds and returns the class object that will provide 
    the definition of method_name (as a string) if it is
    invoked on obj.
    obj: any python object
    method_name: string method name
    for ty in type(obj).mro():
        if method_name in ty.__dict__:
            return ty
    return None
if __name__ == '__main__':
    deck = Deck()
    deck.shuffle()
    hand = Hand()
    print(find_defining_class(hand, 'shuffle'))
    deck.move_cards(hand, 5)
    hand.sort()
    print(hand)

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