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<title>PARAM Annotation | NpgsqlRest</title>
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target="_blank" rel="noopener" data-v-7bc22406 data-v-bd121fe5><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="currentColor"><path d="M22.957 7.21c-.004-3.064-2.391-5.576-5.191-6.482-3.478-1.125-8.064-.962-11.384.604C2.357 3.231 1.093 7.391 1.046 11.54c-.039 3.411.302 7.463 3.097 9.746 2.602 2.124 6.19 2.078 9.402 1.836 1.883-.142 3.939-.358 5.477-1.528 1.564-1.19 1.873-3.298 1.972-5.151.134-2.51.187-5.016-.037-7.233zm-2.55 7.703c-.078 1.593-.383 3.473-1.795 4.334-1.351.824-3.151.973-4.686 1.083-2.891.207-6.063.276-8.514-1.399C3.106 17.39 2.924 14.34 2.95 11.67c.03-3.206.678-6.721 3.654-8.375 2.756-1.531 6.556-1.727 9.544-.872 2.339.669 4.351 2.678 4.355 5.217.007 2.583-.016 5.168-.095 7.273z"/><path d="M16.088 5.19c-1.008-.542-2.607-.48-3.441.388-.568.591-.773 1.389-.8 2.172-.034.993.068 2.013.361 2.953.307.985 1.034 1.848 2.077 2.012.878.138 1.83-.088 2.458-.732.7-.718.88-1.81.877-2.779-.003-.989-.084-1.99-.423-2.91-.268-.726-.654-1.328-1.109-1.104zm-.294 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class="VPLocalNav has-sidebar empty" data-v-5d98c3a5 data-v-a6f0e41e><div class="container" data-v-a6f0e41e><button class="menu" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="VPSidebarNav" data-v-a6f0e41e><span class="vpi-align-left menu-icon" data-v-a6f0e41e></span><span class="menu-text" data-v-a6f0e41e>Menu</span></button><div class="VPLocalNavOutlineDropdown" style="--vp-vh:0px;" data-v-a6f0e41e data-v-8a42e2b4><button data-v-8a42e2b4>Return to top</button><!----></div></div></div><aside class="VPSidebar" data-v-5d98c3a5 data-v-319d5ca6><div class="curtain" data-v-319d5ca6></div><nav class="nav" id="VPSidebarNav" aria-labelledby="sidebar-aria-label" tabindex="-1" data-v-319d5ca6><span class="visually-hidden" id="sidebar-aria-label" data-v-319d5ca6> Sidebar Navigation </span><!--[--><!--]--><!--[--><div class="no-transition group" data-v-c40bc020><section class="VPSidebarItem level-0" data-v-c40bc020 data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="item" role="button" tabindex="0" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="indicator" data-v-b3fd67f8></div><h2 class="text" data-v-b3fd67f8>HTTP & Routing</h2><!----></div><div class="items" data-v-b3fd67f8><!--[--><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b3fd67f8 data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="item" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="indicator" data-v-b3fd67f8></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/annotations/" data-v-b3fd67f8><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b3fd67f8>Overview</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b3fd67f8 data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="item" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="indicator" data-v-b3fd67f8></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/annotations/http.html" data-v-b3fd67f8><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b3fd67f8>HTTP</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b3fd67f8 data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="item" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="indicator" data-v-b3fd67f8></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/annotations/path.html" data-v-b3fd67f8><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b3fd67f8>PATH</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b3fd67f8 data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="item" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="indicator" data-v-b3fd67f8></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/annotations/proxy.html" data-v-b3fd67f8><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b3fd67f8>PROXY</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b3fd67f8 data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="item" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="indicator" data-v-b3fd67f8></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/annotations/proxy-out.html" data-v-b3fd67f8><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b3fd67f8>PROXY_OUT</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b3fd67f8 data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="item" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="indicator" data-v-b3fd67f8></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/annotations/internal.html" data-v-b3fd67f8><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b3fd67f8>INTERNAL</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b3fd67f8 data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="item" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="indicator" data-v-b3fd67f8></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/annotations/enabled.html" data-v-b3fd67f8><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b3fd67f8>ENABLED</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b3fd67f8 data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="item" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="indicator" data-v-b3fd67f8></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/annotations/disabled.html" data-v-b3fd67f8><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b3fd67f8>DISABLED</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b3fd67f8 data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="item" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="indicator" data-v-b3fd67f8></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/annotations/tags.html" data-v-b3fd67f8><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b3fd67f8>TAGS</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b3fd67f8 data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="item" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="indicator" data-v-b3fd67f8></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/annotations/openapi.html" data-v-b3fd67f8><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b3fd67f8>OPENAPI</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b3fd67f8 data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="item" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="indicator" data-v-b3fd67f8></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/annotations/mcp.html" data-v-b3fd67f8><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b3fd67f8>MCP</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b3fd67f8 data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="item" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="indicator" data-v-b3fd67f8></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/annotations/http-type.html" data-v-b3fd67f8><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b3fd67f8>HTTP CUSTOM TYPES</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><!--]--></div></section></div><div class="no-transition group" data-v-c40bc020><section class="VPSidebarItem level-0" data-v-c40bc020 data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="item" role="button" tabindex="0" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="indicator" data-v-b3fd67f8></div><h2 class="text" data-v-b3fd67f8>Authorization</h2><!----></div><div class="items" data-v-b3fd67f8><!--[--><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b3fd67f8 data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="item" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="indicator" data-v-b3fd67f8></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/annotations/authorize.html" data-v-b3fd67f8><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b3fd67f8>AUTHORIZE</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b3fd67f8 data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="item" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="indicator" data-v-b3fd67f8></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/annotations/allow-anonymous.html" data-v-b3fd67f8><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b3fd67f8>ALLOW_ANONYMOUS</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b3fd67f8 data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="item" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="indicator" data-v-b3fd67f8></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/annotations/login.html" data-v-b3fd67f8><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b3fd67f8>LOGIN</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b3fd67f8 data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="item" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="indicator" data-v-b3fd67f8></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/annotations/logout.html" data-v-b3fd67f8><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b3fd67f8>LOGOUT</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b3fd67f8 data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="item" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="indicator" data-v-b3fd67f8></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/annotations/basic-auth.html" data-v-b3fd67f8><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b3fd67f8>BASIC_AUTH</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b3fd67f8 data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="item" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="indicator" data-v-b3fd67f8></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/annotations/basic-auth-realm.html" data-v-b3fd67f8><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b3fd67f8>BASIC_AUTH_REALM</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b3fd67f8 data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="item" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="indicator" data-v-b3fd67f8></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/annotations/basic-auth-command.html" data-v-b3fd67f8><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b3fd67f8>BASIC_AUTH_COMMAND</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><!--]--></div></section></div><div class="no-transition group" data-v-c40bc020><section class="VPSidebarItem level-0" data-v-c40bc020 data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="item" role="button" tabindex="0" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="indicator" data-v-b3fd67f8></div><h2 class="text" data-v-b3fd67f8>Request Configuration</h2><!----></div><div class="items" data-v-b3fd67f8><!--[--><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b3fd67f8 data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="item" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="indicator" data-v-b3fd67f8></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/annotations/request-param-type.html" data-v-b3fd67f8><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b3fd67f8>REQUEST_PARAM_TYPE</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b3fd67f8 data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="item" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="indicator" data-v-b3fd67f8></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/annotations/request-headers-mode.html" data-v-b3fd67f8><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b3fd67f8>REQUEST_HEADERS_MODE</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b3fd67f8 data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="item" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="indicator" data-v-b3fd67f8></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/annotations/request-headers-parameter-name.html" data-v-b3fd67f8><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b3fd67f8>REQUEST_HEADERS_PARAMETER_NAME</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b3fd67f8 data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="item" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="indicator" data-v-b3fd67f8></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/annotations/body-parameter-name.html" data-v-b3fd67f8><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b3fd67f8>BODY_PARAMETER_NAME</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b3fd67f8 data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="item" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="indicator" data-v-b3fd67f8></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/annotations/query-string-null-handling.html" data-v-b3fd67f8><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b3fd67f8>QUERY_STRING_NULL_HANDLING</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b3fd67f8 data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="item" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="indicator" data-v-b3fd67f8></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/annotations/validate.html" data-v-b3fd67f8><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b3fd67f8>VALIDATE</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><!--]--></div></section></div><div class="no-transition group" data-v-c40bc020><section class="VPSidebarItem level-0" data-v-c40bc020 data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="item" role="button" tabindex="0" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="indicator" data-v-b3fd67f8></div><h2 class="text" data-v-b3fd67f8>Response Configuration</h2><!----></div><div class="items" data-v-b3fd67f8><!--[--><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b3fd67f8 data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="item" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="indicator" data-v-b3fd67f8></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/annotations/response-headers.html" data-v-b3fd67f8><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b3fd67f8>Response Headers</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b3fd67f8 data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="item" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="indicator" data-v-b3fd67f8></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/annotations/response-null-handling.html" data-v-b3fd67f8><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b3fd67f8>RESPONSE_NULL_HANDLING</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b3fd67f8 data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="item" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="indicator" data-v-b3fd67f8></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/annotations/nested.html" data-v-b3fd67f8><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b3fd67f8>NESTED</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b3fd67f8 data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="item" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="indicator" data-v-b3fd67f8></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/annotations/single.html" data-v-b3fd67f8><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b3fd67f8>SINGLE</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b3fd67f8 data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="item" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="indicator" data-v-b3fd67f8></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/annotations/void.html" data-v-b3fd67f8><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b3fd67f8>VOID</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b3fd67f8 data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="item" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="indicator" data-v-b3fd67f8></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/annotations/raw.html" data-v-b3fd67f8><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b3fd67f8>RAW</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b3fd67f8 data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="item" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="indicator" data-v-b3fd67f8></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/annotations/separator.html" data-v-b3fd67f8><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b3fd67f8>SEPARATOR</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b3fd67f8 data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="item" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="indicator" data-v-b3fd67f8></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/annotations/new-line.html" data-v-b3fd67f8><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b3fd67f8>NEW_LINE</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b3fd67f8 data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="item" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="indicator" data-v-b3fd67f8></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/annotations/column-names.html" data-v-b3fd67f8><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b3fd67f8>COLUMN_NAMES</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><!--]--></div></section></div><div class="no-transition group" data-v-c40bc020><section class="VPSidebarItem level-0" data-v-c40bc020 data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="item" role="button" tabindex="0" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="indicator" data-v-b3fd67f8></div><h2 class="text" data-v-b3fd67f8>Caching & Performance</h2><!----></div><div class="items" data-v-b3fd67f8><!--[--><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b3fd67f8 data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="item" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="indicator" data-v-b3fd67f8></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/annotations/cached.html" data-v-b3fd67f8><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b3fd67f8>CACHED</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b3fd67f8 data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="item" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="indicator" data-v-b3fd67f8></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/annotations/cache-expires-in.html" data-v-b3fd67f8><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b3fd67f8>CACHE_EXPIRES_IN</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b3fd67f8 data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="item" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="indicator" data-v-b3fd67f8></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/annotations/cache-profile.html" data-v-b3fd67f8><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b3fd67f8>CACHE_PROFILE</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b3fd67f8 data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="item" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="indicator" data-v-b3fd67f8></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/annotations/buffer-rows.html" data-v-b3fd67f8><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b3fd67f8>BUFFER_ROWS</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b3fd67f8 data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="item" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="indicator" data-v-b3fd67f8></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/annotations/command-timeout.html" data-v-b3fd67f8><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b3fd67f8>COMMAND_TIMEOUT</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b3fd67f8 data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="item" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="indicator" data-v-b3fd67f8></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/annotations/retry-strategy.html" data-v-b3fd67f8><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b3fd67f8>RETRY_STRATEGY</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b3fd67f8 data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="item" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="indicator" data-v-b3fd67f8></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/annotations/interval-format.html" data-v-b3fd67f8><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b3fd67f8>Interval Format</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><!--]--></div></section></div><div class="no-transition group" data-v-c40bc020><section class="VPSidebarItem level-0" data-v-c40bc020 data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="item" role="button" tabindex="0" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="indicator" data-v-b3fd67f8></div><h2 class="text" data-v-b3fd67f8>Server-Sent Events</h2><!----></div><div class="items" data-v-b3fd67f8><!--[--><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b3fd67f8 data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="item" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="indicator" data-v-b3fd67f8></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/annotations/sse.html" data-v-b3fd67f8><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b3fd67f8>SSE</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b3fd67f8 data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="item" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="indicator" data-v-b3fd67f8></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/annotations/sse-events-level.html" data-v-b3fd67f8><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b3fd67f8>SSE_EVENTS_LEVEL</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b3fd67f8 data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="item" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="indicator" data-v-b3fd67f8></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/annotations/sse-events-scope.html" data-v-b3fd67f8><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b3fd67f8>SSE_EVENTS_SCOPE</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><!--]--></div></section></div><div class="no-transition group" data-v-c40bc020><section class="VPSidebarItem level-0" data-v-c40bc020 data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="item" role="button" tabindex="0" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="indicator" data-v-b3fd67f8></div><h2 class="text" data-v-b3fd67f8>Upload & Policies</h2><!----></div><div class="items" data-v-b3fd67f8><!--[--><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b3fd67f8 data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="item" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="indicator" data-v-b3fd67f8></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/annotations/upload.html" data-v-b3fd67f8><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b3fd67f8>UPLOAD</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b3fd67f8 data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="item" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="indicator" data-v-b3fd67f8></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/annotations/error-code-policy.html" data-v-b3fd67f8><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b3fd67f8>ERROR_CODE_POLICY</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b3fd67f8 data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="item" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="indicator" data-v-b3fd67f8></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/annotations/rate-limiter-policy.html" data-v-b3fd67f8><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b3fd67f8>RATE_LIMITER_POLICY</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><!--]--></div></section></div><div class="no-transition group" data-v-c40bc020><section class="VPSidebarItem level-0" data-v-c40bc020 data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="item" role="button" tabindex="0" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="indicator" data-v-b3fd67f8></div><h2 class="text" data-v-b3fd67f8>Output & Code Generation</h2><!----></div><div class="items" data-v-b3fd67f8><!--[--><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b3fd67f8 data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="item" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="indicator" data-v-b3fd67f8></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/annotations/table-format.html" data-v-b3fd67f8><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b3fd67f8>TABLE_FORMAT</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b3fd67f8 data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="item" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="indicator" data-v-b3fd67f8></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/annotations/tsclient.html" data-v-b3fd67f8><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b3fd67f8>TSCLIENT</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b3fd67f8 data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="item" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="indicator" data-v-b3fd67f8></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/annotations/dartclient.html" data-v-b3fd67f8><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b3fd67f8>DARTCLIENT</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><!--]--></div></section></div><div class="no-transition group" data-v-c40bc020><section class="VPSidebarItem level-0 has-active" data-v-c40bc020 data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="item" role="button" tabindex="0" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="indicator" data-v-b3fd67f8></div><h2 class="text" data-v-b3fd67f8>Parameters</h2><!----></div><div class="items" data-v-b3fd67f8><!--[--><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b3fd67f8 data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="item" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="indicator" data-v-b3fd67f8></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/annotations/param.html" data-v-b3fd67f8><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b3fd67f8>PARAM</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b3fd67f8 data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="item" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="indicator" data-v-b3fd67f8></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/annotations/parameter-hash.html" data-v-b3fd67f8><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b3fd67f8>PARAMETER_HASH</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b3fd67f8 data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="item" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="indicator" data-v-b3fd67f8></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/annotations/encrypt-decrypt.html" data-v-b3fd67f8><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b3fd67f8>ENCRYPT / DECRYPT</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b3fd67f8 data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="item" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="indicator" data-v-b3fd67f8></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/annotations/parameter-substitution.html" data-v-b3fd67f8><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b3fd67f8>Parameter Value Substitution</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b3fd67f8 data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="item" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="indicator" data-v-b3fd67f8></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/annotations/resolved-parameters.html" data-v-b3fd67f8><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b3fd67f8>Resolved Parameters</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><!--]--></div></section></div><div class="no-transition group" data-v-c40bc020><section class="VPSidebarItem level-0" data-v-c40bc020 data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="item" role="button" tabindex="0" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="indicator" data-v-b3fd67f8></div><h2 class="text" data-v-b3fd67f8>SQL File Annotations</h2><!----></div><div class="items" data-v-b3fd67f8><!--[--><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b3fd67f8 data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="item" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="indicator" data-v-b3fd67f8></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/annotations/define-param.html" data-v-b3fd67f8><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b3fd67f8>DEFINE_PARAM</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b3fd67f8 data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="item" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="indicator" data-v-b3fd67f8></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/annotations/result-name.html" data-v-b3fd67f8><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b3fd67f8>RESULT_NAME</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b3fd67f8 data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="item" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="indicator" data-v-b3fd67f8></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/annotations/skip.html" data-v-b3fd67f8><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b3fd67f8>SKIP</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b3fd67f8 data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="item" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="indicator" data-v-b3fd67f8></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/annotations/returns.html" data-v-b3fd67f8><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b3fd67f8>RETURNS</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><!--]--></div></section></div><div class="no-transition group" data-v-c40bc020><section class="VPSidebarItem level-0" data-v-c40bc020 data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="item" role="button" tabindex="0" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="indicator" data-v-b3fd67f8></div><h2 class="text" data-v-b3fd67f8>Test Files (--test)</h2><!----></div><div class="items" data-v-b3fd67f8><!--[--><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b3fd67f8 data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="item" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="indicator" data-v-b3fd67f8></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/annotations/test-setup.html" data-v-b3fd67f8><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b3fd67f8>TEST @setup</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b3fd67f8 data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="item" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="indicator" data-v-b3fd67f8></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/annotations/test-teardown.html" data-v-b3fd67f8><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b3fd67f8>TEST @teardown</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b3fd67f8 data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="item" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="indicator" data-v-b3fd67f8></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/annotations/test-connection.html" data-v-b3fd67f8><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b3fd67f8>TEST @connection</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b3fd67f8 data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="item" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="indicator" data-v-b3fd67f8></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/annotations/test-tag.html" data-v-b3fd67f8><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b3fd67f8>TEST @tag</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b3fd67f8 data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="item" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="indicator" data-v-b3fd67f8></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/annotations/test-claim.html" data-v-b3fd67f8><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b3fd67f8>TEST @claim</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b3fd67f8 data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="item" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="indicator" data-v-b3fd67f8></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/annotations/test-response.html" data-v-b3fd67f8><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b3fd67f8>TEST @response</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><!--]--></div></section></div><div class="no-transition group" data-v-c40bc020><section class="VPSidebarItem level-0" data-v-c40bc020 data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="item" role="button" tabindex="0" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="indicator" data-v-b3fd67f8></div><h2 class="text" data-v-b3fd67f8>Context & Security</h2><!----></div><div class="items" data-v-b3fd67f8><!--[--><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b3fd67f8 data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="item" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="indicator" data-v-b3fd67f8></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/annotations/user-context.html" data-v-b3fd67f8><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b3fd67f8>USER_CONTEXT</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b3fd67f8 data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="item" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="indicator" data-v-b3fd67f8></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/annotations/user-parameters.html" data-v-b3fd67f8><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b3fd67f8>USER_PARAMETERS</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b3fd67f8 data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="item" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="indicator" data-v-b3fd67f8></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/annotations/connection.html" data-v-b3fd67f8><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b3fd67f8>CONNECTION</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b3fd67f8 data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="item" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="indicator" data-v-b3fd67f8></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/annotations/security-sensitive.html" data-v-b3fd67f8><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b3fd67f8>SECURITY_SENSITIVE</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b3fd67f8 data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="item" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="indicator" data-v-b3fd67f8></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/annotations/custom-parameters.html" data-v-b3fd67f8><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b3fd67f8>Custom Parameters</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><!--]--></div></section></div><div class="no-transition group" data-v-c40bc020><section class="VPSidebarItem level-0 collapsible" data-v-c40bc020 data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="item" role="button" tabindex="0" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="indicator" data-v-b3fd67f8></div><h2 class="text" data-v-b3fd67f8>Other Links</h2><div class="caret" role="button" aria-label="toggle section" tabindex="0" data-v-b3fd67f8><span class="vpi-chevron-right caret-icon" data-v-b3fd67f8></span></div></div><div class="items" data-v-b3fd67f8><!--[--><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b3fd67f8 data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="item" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="indicator" data-v-b3fd67f8></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/guide/" data-v-b3fd67f8><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b3fd67f8>Guide</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b3fd67f8 data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="item" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="indicator" data-v-b3fd67f8></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/config/" data-v-b3fd67f8><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b3fd67f8>Configuration Reference</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-b3fd67f8 data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="item" data-v-b3fd67f8><div class="indicator" data-v-b3fd67f8></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/guide/changelog/" data-v-b3fd67f8><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-b3fd67f8>Changelog</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><!--]--></div></section></div><!--]--><!--[--><!--]--></nav></aside><div class="VPContent has-sidebar" id="VPContent" data-v-5d98c3a5 data-v-1428d186><div class="VPDoc has-sidebar has-aside" data-v-1428d186 data-v-39a288b8><!--[--><!--]--><div class="container" data-v-39a288b8><div class="aside" data-v-39a288b8><div class="aside-curtain" data-v-39a288b8></div><div class="aside-container" data-v-39a288b8><div class="aside-content" data-v-39a288b8><div class="VPDocAside" data-v-39a288b8 data-v-3f215769><!--[--><!--]--><!--[--><!--]--><nav aria-labelledby="doc-outline-aria-label" class="VPDocAsideOutline" data-v-3f215769 data-v-a5bbad30><div class="content" data-v-a5bbad30><div class="outline-marker" data-v-a5bbad30></div><div aria-level="2" class="outline-title" id="doc-outline-aria-label" role="heading" data-v-a5bbad30>On this page</div><ul class="VPDocOutlineItem root" data-v-a5bbad30 data-v-b933a997><!--[--><!--]--></ul></div></nav><!--[--><!--[--><!--[--><!--[--><div class="comments-outline-link" data-v-6357a5e2><a href="#comments" class="outline-link" data-v-6357a5e2>Comments</a></div><!--]--><!--]--><!--]--><!--]--><div class="spacer" data-v-3f215769></div><!--[--><!--]--><!----><!--[--><!--]--><!--[--><!--]--></div></div></div></div><div class="content" data-v-39a288b8><div class="content-container" data-v-39a288b8><!--[--><!--]--><main class="main" data-v-39a288b8><div style="position:relative;" class="vp-doc _annotations_param" data-v-39a288b8><div><h1 id="param" tabindex="-1">PARAM <a class="header-anchor" href="#param" aria-label="Permalink to "PARAM""></a></h1><div class="info custom-block"><p class="custom-block-title">Also known as</p><p><code>param</code>, <code>parameter</code> (with or without <code>@</code> prefix)</p></div><p>Rename and optionally retype individual endpoint parameters. This provides better API ergonomics by replacing positional parameter names (<code>$1</code>, <code>$2</code>) or internal parameter names (<code>_old_name</code>) with cleaner, user-facing names.</p><p>Works on <strong>all</strong> endpoint types — functions, procedures, and SQL file endpoints.</p><div class="tip custom-block"><p class="custom-block-title">TIP</p><p>The <code>@param</code> keyword is shared with the <a href="./parameter-hash.html">PARAMETER_HASH</a> annotation (<code>@param X is hash of Y</code>). Both forms coexist without ambiguity — the parser distinguishes them by the presence of <code>hash of</code> in the annotation.</p></div><h2 id="syntax" tabindex="-1">Syntax <a class="header-anchor" href="#syntax" aria-label="Permalink to "Syntax""></a></h2><details class="code-collapsible" open><summary>code</summary><div class="language- vp-adaptive-theme line-numbers-mode"><button title="Copy Code" class="copy"></button><span class="lang"></span><pre class="shiki shiki-themes catppuccin-latte catppuccin-mocha vp-code" tabindex="0"><code><span class="line"><span>@param <old_name> <new_name></span></span>
<span class="line"><span>@param <old_name> <new_name> <type></span></span>
<span class="line"><span>@param <old_name> is <new_name></span></span>
<span class="line"><span>@param <old_name> is <new_name> <type></span></span>
<span class="line"><span>@param <old_name> default <value></span></span>
<span class="line"><span>@param <old_name> <new_name> default <value></span></span>
<span class="line"><span>@param <old_name> <new_name> <type> default <value></span></span>
<span class="line"><span>@param <old_name> is <new_name> default <value></span></span>
<span class="line"><span>@param <old_name> is <new_name> <type> default <value></span></span>
<span class="line"><span>@param <name> type is <type></span></span>
<span class="line"><span>@param <name> type is <type> default <value></span></span>
<span class="line"><span></span></span>
<span class="line"><span># `=` can be used instead of `default` in all forms above:</span></span>
<span class="line"><span>@param <old_name> = <value></span></span>
<span class="line"><span>@param <old_name> <new_name> = <value></span></span>
<span class="line"><span>@param <old_name> <new_name> <type> = <value></span></span>
<span class="line"><span>@param <old_name> is <new_name> = <value></span></span>
<span class="line"><span>@param <old_name> is <new_name> <type> = <value></span></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers-wrapper" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br></div></div></details><ul><li><code>old_name</code>: The original parameter name (e.g., <code>$1</code>, <code>$2</code>, or <code>_old_name</code>). In SQL files with named <code>:name</code> placeholders, use the placeholder's own name (a leading <code>:</code> is tolerated).</li><li><code>new_name</code>: The new parameter name for the HTTP API. <strong>Used as-is</strong> — no name conversion is applied. If you write <code>@param $1 authorId</code>, the HTTP parameter name is exactly <code>authorId</code>, not <code>author_id</code> or <code>author-id</code>.</li><li><code>type</code>: Optional PostgreSQL type override (e.g., <code>integer</code>, <code>text</code>, <code>boolean</code>). The <code>type is</code> form retypes a parameter without renaming it — useful for <code>:name</code> placeholders, where the name is already right.</li></ul><p>Both <code>@param</code> and <code>@parameter</code> (long form) are supported.</p><h2 id="examples" tabindex="-1">Examples <a class="header-anchor" href="#examples" aria-label="Permalink to "Examples""></a></h2><h3 id="rename-positional-parameters-sql-files" tabindex="-1">Rename Positional Parameters (SQL Files) <a class="header-anchor" href="#rename-positional-parameters-sql-files" aria-label="Permalink to "Rename Positional Parameters (SQL Files)""></a></h3><p>SQL files using PostgreSQL positional parameters (<code>$1</code>, <code>$2</code>, ...) get those as HTTP parameter names, which aren't user-friendly. Use <code>@param</code> to give them meaningful names (with <a href="./../guide/sql-files.html">named parameters</a> — <code>:from_date</code>, 3.19+ — the placeholder already is the API name and no rename is needed):</p><details class="code-collapsible" open><summary>sql</summary><div class="language-sql vp-adaptive-theme line-numbers-mode"><button title="Copy Code" class="copy"></button><span class="lang">sql</span><pre class="shiki shiki-themes catppuccin-latte catppuccin-mocha vp-code" tabindex="0"><code><span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#9CA0B0;--shiki-light-font-style:italic;--shiki-dark:#6C7086;--shiki-dark-font-style:italic;">-- sql/get_reports.sql</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#9CA0B0;--shiki-light-font-style:italic;--shiki-dark:#6C7086;--shiki-dark-font-style:italic;">-- HTTP GET</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#9CA0B0;--shiki-light-font-style:italic;--shiki-dark:#6C7086;--shiki-dark-font-style:italic;">-- @param $1 from_date</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#9CA0B0;--shiki-light-font-style:italic;--shiki-dark:#6C7086;--shiki-dark-font-style:italic;">-- @param $2 to_date</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#8839EF;--shiki-dark:#CBA6F7;">select</span><span style="--shiki-light:#4C4F69;--shiki-dark:#CDD6F4;"> id, title, created_at</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#8839EF;--shiki-dark:#CBA6F7;">from</span><span style="--shiki-light:#4C4F69;--shiki-dark:#CDD6F4;"> reports</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#8839EF;--shiki-dark:#CBA6F7;">where</span><span style="--shiki-light:#4C4F69;--shiki-dark:#CDD6F4;"> created_at </span><span style="--shiki-light:#8839EF;--shiki-dark:#CBA6F7;">between</span><span style="--shiki-light:#4C4F69;--shiki-dark:#CDD6F4;"> $</span><span style="--shiki-light:#FE640B;--shiki-dark:#FAB387;">1</span><span style="--shiki-light:#8839EF;--shiki-dark:#CBA6F7;"> and</span><span style="--shiki-light:#4C4F69;--shiki-dark:#CDD6F4;"> $</span><span style="--shiki-light:#FE640B;--shiki-dark:#FAB387;">2</span><span style="--shiki-light:#4C4F69;--shiki-dark:#CDD6F4;">;</span></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers-wrapper" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br></div></div></details><p>Without rename: <code>GET /api/get-reports?$1=2024-01-01&$2=2024-12-31</code></p><p>With rename: <code>GET /api/get-reports?from_date=2024-01-01&to_date=2024-12-31</code></p><h3 id="rename-with-type-override" tabindex="-1">Rename with Type Override <a class="header-anchor" href="#rename-with-type-override" aria-label="Permalink to "Rename with Type Override""></a></h3><p>When parameter types can't be inferred correctly, or when you need to override the inferred type:</p><details class="code-collapsible" open><summary>sql</summary><div class="language-sql vp-adaptive-theme line-numbers-mode"><button title="Copy Code" class="copy"></button><span class="lang">sql</span><pre class="shiki shiki-themes catppuccin-latte catppuccin-mocha vp-code" tabindex="0"><code><span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#9CA0B0;--shiki-light-font-style:italic;--shiki-dark:#6C7086;--shiki-dark-font-style:italic;">-- @param $1 user_id integer</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#9CA0B0;--shiki-light-font-style:italic;--shiki-dark:#6C7086;--shiki-dark-font-style:italic;">-- @param $2 active boolean</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#8839EF;--shiki-dark:#CBA6F7;">select</span><span style="--shiki-light:#179299;--shiki-dark:#94E2D5;"> *</span><span style="--shiki-light:#8839EF;--shiki-dark:#CBA6F7;"> from</span><span style="--shiki-light:#4C4F69;--shiki-dark:#CDD6F4;"> users </span><span style="--shiki-light:#8839EF;--shiki-dark:#CBA6F7;">where</span><span style="--shiki-light:#4C4F69;--shiki-dark:#CDD6F4;"> id </span><span style="--shiki-light:#179299;--shiki-dark:#94E2D5;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#4C4F69;--shiki-dark:#CDD6F4;"> $</span><span style="--shiki-light:#FE640B;--shiki-dark:#FAB387;">1</span><span style="--shiki-light:#8839EF;--shiki-dark:#CBA6F7;"> and</span><span style="--shiki-light:#4C4F69;--shiki-dark:#CDD6F4;"> active </span><span style="--shiki-light:#179299;--shiki-dark:#94E2D5;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#4C4F69;--shiki-dark:#CDD6F4;"> $</span><span style="--shiki-light:#FE640B;--shiki-dark:#FAB387;">2</span><span style="--shiki-light:#4C4F69;--shiki-dark:#CDD6F4;">;</span></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers-wrapper" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br></div></div></details><h3 id="rename-function-parameters" tabindex="-1">Rename Function Parameters <a class="header-anchor" href="#rename-function-parameters" aria-label="Permalink to "Rename Function Parameters""></a></h3><p>Works on function and procedure parameters too — useful when internal naming conventions (like <code>_</code> prefixes) shouldn't leak into the API:</p><details class="code-collapsible" open><summary>sql</summary><div class="language-sql vp-adaptive-theme line-numbers-mode"><button title="Copy Code" class="copy"></button><span class="lang">sql</span><pre class="shiki shiki-themes catppuccin-latte catppuccin-mocha vp-code" tabindex="0"><code><span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#8839EF;--shiki-dark:#CBA6F7;">create</span><span style="--shiki-light:#8839EF;--shiki-dark:#CBA6F7;"> function</span><span style="--shiki-light:#1E66F5;--shiki-light-font-style:italic;--shiki-dark:#89B4FA;--shiki-dark-font-style:italic;"> get_user_profile</span><span style="--shiki-light:#4C4F69;--shiki-dark:#CDD6F4;">(_user_id </span><span style="--shiki-light:#8839EF;--shiki-dark:#CBA6F7;">int</span><span style="--shiki-light:#4C4F69;--shiki-dark:#CDD6F4;">, _include_stats </span><span style="--shiki-light:#8839EF;--shiki-dark:#CBA6F7;">boolean</span><span style="--shiki-light:#4C4F69;--shiki-dark:#CDD6F4;">)</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#8839EF;--shiki-dark:#CBA6F7;">returns</span><span style="--shiki-light:#8839EF;--shiki-dark:#CBA6F7;"> json</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#8839EF;--shiki-dark:#CBA6F7;">language</span><span style="--shiki-light:#8839EF;--shiki-dark:#CBA6F7;"> sql</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#8839EF;--shiki-dark:#CBA6F7;">begin</span><span style="--shiki-light:#8839EF;--shiki-dark:#CBA6F7;"> atomic</span><span style="--shiki-light:#4C4F69;--shiki-dark:#CDD6F4;">;</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#8839EF;--shiki-dark:#CBA6F7;">select</span><span style="--shiki-light:#4C4F69;--shiki-dark:#CDD6F4;"> json_build_object(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#40A02B;--shiki-dark:#A6E3A1;">'id'</span><span style="--shiki-light:#4C4F69;--shiki-dark:#CDD6F4;">, id, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#40A02B;--shiki-dark:#A6E3A1;">'name'</span><span style="--shiki-light:#4C4F69;--shiki-dark:#CDD6F4;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#8839EF;--shiki-dark:#CBA6F7;">name</span><span style="--shiki-light:#4C4F69;--shiki-dark:#CDD6F4;">) </span><span style="--shiki-light:#8839EF;--shiki-dark:#CBA6F7;">from</span><span style="--shiki-light:#4C4F69;--shiki-dark:#CDD6F4;"> users </span><span style="--shiki-light:#8839EF;--shiki-dark:#CBA6F7;">where</span><span style="--shiki-light:#4C4F69;--shiki-dark:#CDD6F4;"> id </span><span style="--shiki-light:#179299;--shiki-dark:#94E2D5;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#4C4F69;--shiki-dark:#CDD6F4;"> _user_id;</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#8839EF;--shiki-dark:#CBA6F7;">end</span><span style="--shiki-light:#4C4F69;--shiki-dark:#CDD6F4;">;</span></span>
<span class="line"></span>
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#8839EF;--shiki-dark:#CBA6F7;">comment on function get_user_profile(int, boolean) is </span><span style="--shiki-light:#40A02B;--shiki-dark:#A6E3A1;">'</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#40A02B;--shiki-dark:#A6E3A1;">HTTP GET</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#40A02B;--shiki-dark:#A6E3A1;">@param _user_id user_id</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#40A02B;--shiki-dark:#A6E3A1;">@param _include_stats include_stats</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#40A02B;--shiki-dark:#A6E3A1;">'</span><span style="--shiki-light:#4C4F69;--shiki-dark:#CDD6F4;">;</span></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers-wrapper" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br></div></div></details><p>Without rename: <code>GET /api/get-user-profile?userId=1&includeStats=true</code></p><p>With rename: <code>GET /api/get-user-profile?user_id=1&include_stats=true</code></p><h3 id="is-style-syntax" tabindex="-1">"is" Style Syntax <a class="header-anchor" href="#is-style-syntax" aria-label="Permalink to ""is" Style Syntax""></a></h3><p>The <code>is</code> keyword is optional and provides consistency with the existing <code>@param X is hash of Y</code> style:</p><details class="code-collapsible" open><summary>sql</summary><div class="language-sql vp-adaptive-theme line-numbers-mode"><button title="Copy Code" class="copy"></button><span class="lang">sql</span><pre class="shiki shiki-themes catppuccin-latte catppuccin-mocha vp-code" tabindex="0"><code><span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#9CA0B0;--shiki-light-font-style:italic;--shiki-dark:#6C7086;--shiki-dark-font-style:italic;">-- These are equivalent:</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#9CA0B0;--shiki-light-font-style:italic;--shiki-dark:#6C7086;--shiki-dark-font-style:italic;">-- @param $1 user_id</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#9CA0B0;--shiki-light-font-style:italic;--shiki-dark:#6C7086;--shiki-dark-font-style:italic;">-- @param $1 is user_id</span></span>
<span class="line"></span>
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#9CA0B0;--shiki-light-font-style:italic;--shiki-dark:#6C7086;--shiki-dark-font-style:italic;">-- With type override:</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#9CA0B0;--shiki-light-font-style:italic;--shiki-dark:#6C7086;--shiki-dark-font-style:italic;">-- @param $1 user_id integer</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#9CA0B0;--shiki-light-font-style:italic;--shiki-dark:#6C7086;--shiki-dark-font-style:italic;">-- @param $1 is user_id integer</span></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers-wrapper" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br></div></div></details><h2 id="claim-mapping-with-renamed-parameters" tabindex="-1">Claim Mapping with Renamed Parameters <a class="header-anchor" href="#claim-mapping-with-renamed-parameters" aria-label="Permalink to "Claim Mapping with Renamed Parameters""></a></h2><p>Renamed parameters work with <a href="./user-parameters.html">user_parameters</a> claim mapping. When you rename a positional parameter to a claim-mapped name (like <code>_user_id</code> or <code>_user_name</code>), the parameter is automatically filled from the authenticated user's claims — just like it would be for a native function parameter.</p><details class="code-collapsible" open><summary>sql</summary><div class="language-sql vp-adaptive-theme line-numbers-mode"><button title="Copy Code" class="copy"></button><span class="lang">sql</span><pre class="shiki shiki-themes catppuccin-latte catppuccin-mocha vp-code" tabindex="0"><code><span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#9CA0B0;--shiki-light-font-style:italic;--shiki-dark:#6C7086;--shiki-dark-font-style:italic;">-- sql/get_my_profile.sql</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#9CA0B0;--shiki-light-font-style:italic;--shiki-dark:#6C7086;--shiki-dark-font-style:italic;">-- @authorize</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#9CA0B0;--shiki-light-font-style:italic;--shiki-dark:#6C7086;--shiki-dark-font-style:italic;">-- @user_parameters</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#9CA0B0;--shiki-light-font-style:italic;--shiki-dark:#6C7086;--shiki-dark-font-style:italic;">-- @param $1 _user_id</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#9CA0B0;--shiki-light-font-style:italic;--shiki-dark:#6C7086;--shiki-dark-font-style:italic;">-- @param $2 _user_name</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#8839EF;--shiki-dark:#CBA6F7;">select</span><span style="--shiki-light:#4C4F69;--shiki-dark:#CDD6F4;"> $</span><span style="--shiki-light:#FE640B;--shiki-dark:#FAB387;">1</span><span style="--shiki-light:#8839EF;--shiki-dark:#CBA6F7;"> as</span><span style="--shiki-light:#4C4F69;--shiki-dark:#CDD6F4;"> user_id, $</span><span style="--shiki-light:#FE640B;--shiki-dark:#FAB387;">2</span><span style="--shiki-light:#8839EF;--shiki-dark:#CBA6F7;"> as</span><span style="--shiki-light:#4C4F69;--shiki-dark:#CDD6F4;"> user_name;</span></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers-wrapper" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br></div></div></details><p><code>GET /api/get-my-profile</code> (authenticated as user123) → <code>[{"userId": "user123", "userName": "user"}]</code></p><p>The parameters are auto-filled from claims — the client doesn't need to send them. This is especially useful for SQL file endpoints where positional parameters (<code>$1</code>, <code>$2</code>) have no inherent name for claim matching.</p><h2 id="default-values-sql-file-parameters" tabindex="-1">Default Values (SQL File Parameters) <a class="header-anchor" href="#default-values-sql-file-parameters" aria-label="Permalink to "Default Values (SQL File Parameters)""></a></h2><p>SQL file parameters can have default values via <code>@param</code>. When a parameter with a default is not provided in the request, the default value is bound instead of returning 404.</p><p>This is essential for SQL files because positional parameters (<code>$1</code>, <code>$2</code>) must always be bound — unlike PostgreSQL functions where the engine applies its own defaults.</p><h3 id="syntax-1" tabindex="-1">Syntax <a class="header-anchor" href="#syntax-1" aria-label="Permalink to "Syntax""></a></h3><details class="code-collapsible" open><summary>sql</summary><div class="language-sql vp-adaptive-theme line-numbers-mode"><button title="Copy Code" class="copy"></button><span class="lang">sql</span><pre class="shiki shiki-themes catppuccin-latte catppuccin-mocha vp-code" tabindex="0"><code><span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#9CA0B0;--shiki-light-font-style:italic;--shiki-dark:#6C7086;--shiki-dark-font-style:italic;">-- Separate annotations (rename first, then set default):</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#9CA0B0;--shiki-light-font-style:italic;--shiki-dark:#6C7086;--shiki-dark-font-style:italic;">-- @param $1 user_id</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#9CA0B0;--shiki-light-font-style:italic;--shiki-dark:#6C7086;--shiki-dark-font-style:italic;">-- @param user_id default null</span></span>
<span class="line"></span>
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#9CA0B0;--shiki-light-font-style:italic;--shiki-dark:#6C7086;--shiki-dark-font-style:italic;">-- Combined rename + default on a single line:</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#9CA0B0;--shiki-light-font-style:italic;--shiki-dark:#6C7086;--shiki-dark-font-style:italic;">-- @param $1 user_id default null</span></span>
<span class="line"></span>
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#9CA0B0;--shiki-light-font-style:italic;--shiki-dark:#6C7086;--shiki-dark-font-style:italic;">-- Default without rename:</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#9CA0B0;--shiki-light-font-style:italic;--shiki-dark:#6C7086;--shiki-dark-font-style:italic;">-- @param $1 default 'fallback'</span></span>
<span class="line"></span>
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#9CA0B0;--shiki-light-font-style:italic;--shiki-dark:#6C7086;--shiki-dark-font-style:italic;">-- Various value types:</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#9CA0B0;--shiki-light-font-style:italic;--shiki-dark:#6C7086;--shiki-dark-font-style:italic;">-- @param $1 status default 'active' -- text (single-quoted)</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#9CA0B0;--shiki-light-font-style:italic;--shiki-dark:#6C7086;--shiki-dark-font-style:italic;">-- @param $1 amount default 42 -- number</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#9CA0B0;--shiki-light-font-style:italic;--shiki-dark:#6C7086;--shiki-dark-font-style:italic;">-- @param $1 enabled default true -- boolean</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#9CA0B0;--shiki-light-font-style:italic;--shiki-dark:#6C7086;--shiki-dark-font-style:italic;">-- @param $1 filter default null -- SQL NULL (unquoted)</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#9CA0B0;--shiki-light-font-style:italic;--shiki-dark:#6C7086;--shiki-dark-font-style:italic;">-- @param $1 tag default 'null' -- literal text "null" (quoted)</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#9CA0B0;--shiki-light-font-style:italic;--shiki-dark:#6C7086;--shiki-dark-font-style:italic;">-- @param $1 val default -- no value = NULL</span></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers-wrapper" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br></div></div></details><p>Inline comments after the value are ignored. The parser consumes only the value token (or quoted string) and stops.</p><details class="code-collapsible" open><summary>sql</summary><div class="language-sql vp-adaptive-theme line-numbers-mode"><button title="Copy Code" class="copy"></button><span class="lang">sql</span><pre class="shiki shiki-themes catppuccin-latte catppuccin-mocha vp-code" tabindex="0"><code><span class="line"></span>
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#9CA0B0;--shiki-light-font-style:italic;--shiki-dark:#6C7086;--shiki-dark-font-style:italic;">-- `=` can be used instead of `default` in all forms:</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#9CA0B0;--shiki-light-font-style:italic;--shiki-dark:#6C7086;--shiki-dark-font-style:italic;">-- @param $1 user_id = null</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#9CA0B0;--shiki-light-font-style:italic;--shiki-dark:#6C7086;--shiki-dark-font-style:italic;">-- @param $1 user_id integer = 42</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#9CA0B0;--shiki-light-font-style:italic;--shiki-dark:#6C7086;--shiki-dark-font-style:italic;">-- @param $1 is greeting = 'hey'</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#9CA0B0;--shiki-light-font-style:italic;--shiki-dark:#6C7086;--shiki-dark-font-style:italic;">-- @param my_name = 'hello'</span></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers-wrapper" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br></div></div></details><h3 id="value-parsing-rules-sql-conventions" tabindex="-1">Value Parsing Rules (SQL Conventions) <a class="header-anchor" href="#value-parsing-rules-sql-conventions" aria-label="Permalink to "Value Parsing Rules (SQL Conventions)""></a></h3><ul><li>Unquoted <code>null</code> (case-insensitive) → <code>DBNull.Value</code></li><li>Single-quoted <code>'text value'</code> → string literal (supports multi-word)</li><li>Unquoted value → raw string (Npgsql handles type conversion via <code>NpgsqlDbType</code>)</li></ul><h3 id="example" tabindex="-1">Example <a class="header-anchor" href="#example" aria-label="Permalink to "Example""></a></h3><p>User identity endpoint with claim-filled parameters that fall back to NULL:</p><details class="code-collapsible" open><summary>sql</summary><div class="language-sql vp-adaptive-theme line-numbers-mode"><button title="Copy Code" class="copy"></button><span class="lang">sql</span><pre class="shiki shiki-themes catppuccin-latte catppuccin-mocha vp-code" tabindex="0"><code><span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#9CA0B0;--shiki-light-font-style:italic;--shiki-dark:#6C7086;--shiki-dark-font-style:italic;">/* HTTP GET</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#9CA0B0;--shiki-light-font-style:italic;--shiki-dark:#6C7086;--shiki-dark-font-style:italic;">@authorize</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#9CA0B0;--shiki-light-font-style:italic;--shiki-dark:#6C7086;--shiki-dark-font-style:italic;">@user_parameters</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#9CA0B0;--shiki-light-font-style:italic;--shiki-dark:#6C7086;--shiki-dark-font-style:italic;">@param $1 _user_id default null</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#9CA0B0;--shiki-light-font-style:italic;--shiki-dark:#6C7086;--shiki-dark-font-style:italic;">@param $2 _username default null</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#9CA0B0;--shiki-light-font-style:italic;--shiki-dark:#6C7086;--shiki-dark-font-style:italic;">@param $3 _email default null</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#9CA0B0;--shiki-light-font-style:italic;--shiki-dark:#6C7086;--shiki-dark-font-style:italic;">*/</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#8839EF;--shiki-dark:#CBA6F7;">select</span><span style="--shiki-light:#4C4F69;--shiki-dark:#CDD6F4;"> $</span><span style="--shiki-light:#FE640B;--shiki-dark:#FAB387;">1</span><span style="--shiki-light:#8839EF;--shiki-dark:#CBA6F7;"> as</span><span style="--shiki-light:#4C4F69;--shiki-dark:#CDD6F4;"> user_id, $</span><span style="--shiki-light:#FE640B;--shiki-dark:#FAB387;">2</span><span style="--shiki-light:#8839EF;--shiki-dark:#CBA6F7;"> as</span><span style="--shiki-light:#4C4F69;--shiki-dark:#CDD6F4;"> username, $</span><span style="--shiki-light:#FE640B;--shiki-dark:#FAB387;">3</span><span style="--shiki-light:#8839EF;--shiki-dark:#CBA6F7;"> as</span><span style="--shiki-light:#4C4F69;--shiki-dark:#CDD6F4;"> email;</span></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers-wrapper" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br></div></div></details><p>When authenticated, claims fill the parameters automatically. The defaults ensure the parameters are always bindable.</p><h3 id="effects-on-generated-output" tabindex="-1">Effects on Generated Output <a class="header-anchor" href="#effects-on-generated-output" aria-label="Permalink to "Effects on Generated Output""></a></h3><ul><li><strong>TsClient</strong>: Parameters with defaults get <code>?</code> suffix in TypeScript interfaces (optional)</li><li><strong>OpenAPI</strong>: Parameters with defaults are marked <code>required: false</code></li></ul><h2 id="rename-validation" tabindex="-1">Rename Validation <a class="header-anchor" href="#rename-validation" aria-label="Permalink to "Rename Validation""></a></h2><p>Parameter names are validated when renaming. Invalid renames are rejected with a warning log instead of silently creating broken endpoints.</p><p><strong>Rules:</strong></p><ul><li>Must be a valid PostgreSQL identifier: starts with letter or <code>_</code>, followed by letters, digits, <code>_</code>, or <code>$</code></li><li>Positional parameters (<code>$1</code>, <code>$2</code>) are allowed</li></ul><details class="code-collapsible" open><summary>sql</summary><div class="language-sql vp-adaptive-theme line-numbers-mode"><button title="Copy Code" class="copy"></button><span class="lang">sql</span><pre class="shiki shiki-themes catppuccin-latte catppuccin-mocha vp-code" tabindex="0"><code><span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#9CA0B0;--shiki-light-font-style:italic;--shiki-dark:#6C7086;--shiki-dark-font-style:italic;">-- Valid:</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#9CA0B0;--shiki-light-font-style:italic;--shiki-dark:#6C7086;--shiki-dark-font-style:italic;">-- @param $1 user_id ✓</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#9CA0B0;--shiki-light-font-style:italic;--shiki-dark:#6C7086;--shiki-dark-font-style:italic;">-- @param $1 _val$1 ✓</span></span>
<span class="line"></span>
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#9CA0B0;--shiki-light-font-style:italic;--shiki-dark:#6C7086;--shiki-dark-font-style:italic;">-- Rejected (with warning log):</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#9CA0B0;--shiki-light-font-style:italic;--shiki-dark:#6C7086;--shiki-dark-font-style:italic;">-- @param $1 1bad ✗ starts with digit</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#9CA0B0;--shiki-light-font-style:italic;--shiki-dark:#6C7086;--shiki-dark-font-style:italic;">-- @param $1 my-param ✗ invalid character (hyphen)</span></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers-wrapper" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br></div></div></details><h2 id="composite-type-parameters-sql-files" tabindex="-1">Composite Type Parameters (SQL Files) <a class="header-anchor" href="#composite-type-parameters-sql-files" aria-label="Permalink to "Composite Type Parameters (SQL Files)""></a></h2><p>When a parameter type is a known composite type, the parameter is treated as a single text value. The SQL is never rewritten — it stays exactly as written.</p><p><strong>HTTP custom types</strong> (auto-filled from HTTP calls):</p><details class="code-collapsible" open><summary>sql</summary><div class="language-sql vp-adaptive-theme line-numbers-mode"><button title="Copy Code" class="copy"></button><span class="lang">sql</span><pre class="shiki shiki-themes catppuccin-latte catppuccin-mocha vp-code" tabindex="0"><code><span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#9CA0B0;--shiki-light-font-style:italic;--shiki-dark:#6C7086;--shiki-dark-font-style:italic;">-- @param $1 _response example_9.exchange_rate_api</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#8839EF;--shiki-dark:#CBA6F7;">select</span><span style="--shiki-light:#4C4F69;--shiki-dark:#CDD6F4;"> ($</span><span style="--shiki-light:#FE640B;--shiki-dark:#FAB387;">1</span><span style="--shiki-light:#4C4F69;--shiki-dark:#CDD6F4;">::example_9.exchange_rate_api).body;</span></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers-wrapper" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br></div></div></details><p>The framework makes the HTTP call and passes the response as a composite text value automatically.</p><p><strong>Client-sent composite types:</strong></p><details class="code-collapsible" open><summary>sql</summary><div class="language-sql vp-adaptive-theme line-numbers-mode"><button title="Copy Code" class="copy"></button><span class="lang">sql</span><pre class="shiki shiki-themes catppuccin-latte catppuccin-mocha vp-code" tabindex="0"><code><span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#9CA0B0;--shiki-light-font-style:italic;--shiki-dark:#6C7086;--shiki-dark-font-style:italic;">-- @param $1 data my_composite_type</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#8839EF;--shiki-dark:#CBA6F7;">select</span><span style="--shiki-light:#4C4F69;--shiki-dark:#CDD6F4;"> ($</span><span style="--shiki-light:#FE640B;--shiki-dark:#FAB387;">1</span><span style="--shiki-light:#4C4F69;--shiki-dark:#CDD6F4;">::my_composite_type).field1, ($</span><span style="--shiki-light:#FE640B;--shiki-dark:#FAB387;">1</span><span style="--shiki-light:#4C4F69;--shiki-dark:#CDD6F4;">::my_composite_type).field2;</span></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers-wrapper" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br></div></div></details><p>The client sends the value as PostgreSQL composite text format: <code>?data=("val1","val2")</code>.</p><p>If the type in <code>@param</code> is not a recognized PostgreSQL type or composite type, a warning is logged and the parameter keeps its original type from Describe.</p><h2 id="behavior" tabindex="-1">Behavior <a class="header-anchor" href="#behavior" aria-label="Permalink to "Behavior""></a></h2><ul><li>The rename applies to HTTP parameter names only — the SQL still uses the original parameter name or positional reference</li><li>Type overrides affect how the HTTP parameter value is parsed and converted before being sent to PostgreSQL</li><li>For multi-command SQL files, parameter types are merged across all statements — use type override to resolve conflicts</li><li>The parameter must exist in the endpoint's parameter list; otherwise a warning is logged and the rename is skipped</li><li>Renamed parameters participate in claim mapping — renaming <code>$1</code> to <code>_user_id</code> enables automatic <code>user_parameters</code> filling from the <code>name_identifier</code> claim</li></ul><h2 id="related" tabindex="-1">Related <a class="header-anchor" href="#related" aria-label="Permalink to "Related""></a></h2><ul><li><a href="./../guide/sql-files.html">SQL File Endpoints Guide</a> — named and positional parameters</li><li><a href="./../guide/annotations.html">Comment Annotations Guide</a> - How annotations work</li><li><a href="./parameter-hash.html">PARAMETER_HASH</a> - Hash one parameter using another (also uses <code>@param</code>)</li><li><a href="./request-param-type.html">REQUEST_PARAM_TYPE</a> - Control query string vs body parameters</li></ul></div></div></main><footer class="VPDocFooter" data-v-39a288b8 data-v-e257564d><!--[--><!--]--><div class="edit-info" data-v-e257564d><div class="edit-link" data-v-e257564d><a class="VPLink link vp-external-link-icon no-icon edit-link-button" href="https://github.com/NpgsqlRest/npgsqlrest-docs/edit/main/docs/annotations/param.md" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer" data-v-e257564d><!--[--><span class="vpi-square-pen edit-link-icon" data-v-e257564d></span> Edit this page on GitHub<!--]--></a></div><div class="last-updated" data-v-e257564d><p class="VPLastUpdated" data-v-e257564d data-v-e98dd255>Last updated: <time 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