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using System.Data;
using System.Net.Sockets;
using System.Text;
using Npgsql;
namespace NpgsqlRest;
public static class NpgsqlRetryExtensions
{
public static void ExecuteNonQueryWithRetry(
this NpgsqlCommand command,
RetryStrategy? strategy,
ILogger? logger = null)
{
if (strategy == null || strategy.RetrySequenceSeconds.Length == 0)
{
command.ExecuteNonQuery();
return;
}
var maxRetries = strategy.RetrySequenceSeconds.Length;
var exceptionsEncountered = new List<Exception>(maxRetries);
for (var attempt = 0; attempt <= maxRetries; attempt++)
{
try
{
command.ExecuteNonQuery();
return;
}
catch (Exception ex) when (ShouldRetryOn(ex, strategy))
{
exceptionsEncountered.Add(ex);
if (attempt < maxRetries)
{
var delaySec = strategy.RetrySequenceSeconds[exceptionsEncountered.Count - 1];
if (delaySec > 0)
{
var delay = TimeSpan.FromSeconds(delaySec);
Thread.Sleep(delay);
}
}
else
{
(Logger ?? logger)?.FailedToExecuteCommandAfter(command.CommandText, attempt + 1);
ThrowRetryExhaustedException(exceptionsEncountered);
}
}
catch (Exception)
{
(Logger ?? logger)?.FailedToExecuteNonRetryableCommand(command.CommandText);
throw;
}
}
}
public static async Task<int> ExecuteNonQueryWithRetryAsync(
this NpgsqlCommand command,
RetryStrategy? strategy,
CancellationToken cancellationToken = default,
ILogger? logger = null,
string? errorCodePolicy = null)
{
if (strategy == null || strategy.RetrySequenceSeconds.Length == 0)
{
return await command.ExecuteNonQueryAsync(cancellationToken);
}
var maxRetries = strategy.RetrySequenceSeconds.Length;
var exceptionsEncountered = new List<Exception>(maxRetries);
for (var attempt = 0; attempt <= maxRetries; attempt++)
{
try
{
return await command.ExecuteNonQueryAsync(cancellationToken);
}
catch (PostgresException ex) when (errorCodePolicy is not null && errorCodePolicy.TryGetErrorCodeMapping(ex.SqlState, out var statusCodeMapping))
{
throw new NpgsqlToHttpException(statusCodeMapping, ex);
}
catch (NpgsqlException ex) when (ex.InnerException is TimeoutException)
{
if (Options.ErrorHandlingOptions.TimeoutErrorMapping is not null)
{
throw new NpgsqlToHttpException(Options.ErrorHandlingOptions.TimeoutErrorMapping, ex);
}
}
catch (Exception ex) when (ShouldRetryOn(ex, strategy) && !cancellationToken.IsCancellationRequested)
{
exceptionsEncountered.Add(ex);
if (attempt < maxRetries)
{
var delaySec = strategy.RetrySequenceSeconds[exceptionsEncountered.Count - 1];
if (delaySec > 0)
{
var delay = TimeSpan.FromSeconds(delaySec);
await Task.Delay(delay, cancellationToken);
}
}
else
{
(Logger ?? logger)?.FailedToExecuteCommandAfter(command.CommandText, attempt + 1);
ThrowRetryExhaustedException(exceptionsEncountered);
}
}
catch (Exception)
{
if (cancellationToken.IsCancellationRequested)
{
throw;
}
(Logger ?? logger)?.FailedToExecuteNonRetryableCommand(command.CommandText);
throw;
}
}
return 0; // unreachable — loop always returns or throws
}
public static NpgsqlDataReader ExecuteReaderWithRetry(
this NpgsqlCommand command,
RetryStrategy? strategy,
ILogger? logger = null)
{
if (strategy == null || strategy.RetrySequenceSeconds.Length == 0)
{
return command.ExecuteReader();
}
var maxRetries = strategy.RetrySequenceSeconds.Length;
var exceptionsEncountered = new List<Exception>(maxRetries);
for (var attempt = 0; attempt <= maxRetries; attempt++)
{
try
{
return command.ExecuteReader();
}
catch (Exception ex) when (ShouldRetryOn(ex, strategy))
{
exceptionsEncountered.Add(ex);
if (attempt < maxRetries)
{
var delaySec = strategy.RetrySequenceSeconds[exceptionsEncountered.Count - 1];
var message = ex.BuildExceptionMessage();
if (delaySec > 0)
{
var delay = TimeSpan.FromSeconds(delaySec);
(Logger ?? logger)?.FailedToExecuteCommandRetry(attempt + 1, delay.TotalMilliseconds, message);
Thread.Sleep(delay);
}
else
{
(Logger ?? logger)?.FailedToExecuteCommandRetry(attempt + 1, 0, message);
}
}
else
{
(Logger ?? logger)?.FailedToExecuteCommandAfter(command.CommandText, attempt + 1);
ThrowRetryExhaustedException(exceptionsEncountered);
}
}
catch (Exception)
{
(Logger ?? logger)?.FailedToExecuteNonRetryableCommand(command.CommandText);
throw;
}
}
throw new InvalidOperationException("This should never be reached");
}
public static async Task<NpgsqlDataReader> ExecuteReaderWithRetryAsync(
this NpgsqlCommand command,
RetryStrategy? strategy,
CancellationToken cancellationToken = default,
ILogger? logger = null,
string? errorCodePolicy = null)
{
if (strategy == null || strategy.RetrySequenceSeconds.Length == 0)
{
return await command.ExecuteReaderAsync(cancellationToken);
}
var maxRetries = strategy.RetrySequenceSeconds.Length;
var exceptionsEncountered = new List<Exception>(maxRetries);
for (var attempt = 0; attempt <= maxRetries; attempt++)
{
try
{
return await command.ExecuteReaderAsync(cancellationToken);
}
catch (PostgresException ex) when (errorCodePolicy is not null && errorCodePolicy.TryGetErrorCodeMapping(ex.SqlState, out var statusCodeMapping))
{
throw new NpgsqlToHttpException(statusCodeMapping, ex);
}
catch (NpgsqlException ex) when (ex.InnerException is TimeoutException)
{
if (Options.ErrorHandlingOptions.TimeoutErrorMapping is not null)
{
throw new NpgsqlToHttpException(Options.ErrorHandlingOptions.TimeoutErrorMapping, ex);
}
}
catch (Exception ex) when (ShouldRetryOn(ex, strategy) && !cancellationToken.IsCancellationRequested)
{
exceptionsEncountered.Add(ex);
if (attempt < maxRetries)
{
var delaySec = strategy.RetrySequenceSeconds[exceptionsEncountered.Count - 1];
if (delaySec > 0)
{
var delay = TimeSpan.FromSeconds(delaySec);
await Task.Delay(delay, cancellationToken);
}
}
else
{
(Logger ?? logger)?.FailedToExecuteCommandAfter(command.CommandText, attempt + 1);
ThrowRetryExhaustedException(exceptionsEncountered);
}
}
catch (Exception)
{
if (cancellationToken.IsCancellationRequested)
{
throw;
}
(Logger ?? logger)?.FailedToExecuteNonRetryableCommand(command.CommandText);
throw;
}
}
throw new InvalidOperationException("This should never be reached");
}
public static async Task<NpgsqlDataReader> ExecuteReaderWithRetryAsync(
this NpgsqlCommand command,
CommandBehavior behavior,
RetryStrategy? strategy,
CancellationToken cancellationToken = default,
ILogger? logger = null,
string? errorCodePolicy = null)
{
if (strategy == null || strategy.RetrySequenceSeconds.Length == 0)
{
return await command.ExecuteReaderAsync(behavior, cancellationToken);
}
var maxRetries = strategy.RetrySequenceSeconds.Length;
var exceptionsEncountered = new List<Exception>(maxRetries);
for (var attempt = 0; attempt <= maxRetries; attempt++)
{
cancellationToken.ThrowIfCancellationRequested();
try
{
return await command.ExecuteReaderAsync(behavior, cancellationToken);
}
catch (PostgresException ex) when (errorCodePolicy is not null && errorCodePolicy.TryGetErrorCodeMapping(ex.SqlState, out var statusCodeMapping))
{
throw new NpgsqlToHttpException(statusCodeMapping, ex);
}
catch (NpgsqlException ex) when (ex.InnerException is TimeoutException)
{
if (Options.ErrorHandlingOptions.TimeoutErrorMapping is not null)
{
throw new NpgsqlToHttpException(Options.ErrorHandlingOptions.TimeoutErrorMapping, ex);
}
}
catch (Exception ex) when (ShouldRetryOn(ex, strategy) && !cancellationToken.IsCancellationRequested)
{
exceptionsEncountered.Add(ex);
if (attempt < maxRetries)
{
var delaySec = strategy.RetrySequenceSeconds[exceptionsEncountered.Count - 1];
if (delaySec > 0)
{
var delay = TimeSpan.FromSeconds(delaySec);
await Task.Delay(delay, cancellationToken);
}
}
else
{
(Logger ?? logger)?.FailedToExecuteCommandAfter(command.CommandText, attempt + 1);
ThrowRetryExhaustedException(exceptionsEncountered);
}
}
catch (Exception)
{
if (cancellationToken.IsCancellationRequested)
{
throw;
}
(Logger ?? logger)?.FailedToExecuteNonRetryableCommand(command.CommandText);
throw;
}
}
throw new InvalidOperationException("This should never be reached");
}
public static async Task<object?> ExecuteScalarWithRetryAsync(
this NpgsqlCommand command,
RetryStrategy? strategy,
CancellationToken cancellationToken = default,
ILogger? logger = null,
string? errorCodePolicy = null)
{
if (strategy == null || strategy.RetrySequenceSeconds.Length == 0)
{
return await command.ExecuteScalarAsync(cancellationToken);
}
var maxRetries = strategy.RetrySequenceSeconds.Length;
var exceptionsEncountered = new List<Exception>(maxRetries);
for (var attempt = 0; attempt <= maxRetries; attempt++)
{
try
{
return await command.ExecuteScalarAsync(cancellationToken);
}
catch (PostgresException ex) when (errorCodePolicy is not null && errorCodePolicy.TryGetErrorCodeMapping(ex.SqlState, out var statusCodeMapping))
{
throw new NpgsqlToHttpException(statusCodeMapping, ex);
}
catch (NpgsqlException ex) when (ex.InnerException is TimeoutException)
{
if (Options.ErrorHandlingOptions.TimeoutErrorMapping is not null)
{
throw new NpgsqlToHttpException(Options.ErrorHandlingOptions.TimeoutErrorMapping, ex);
}
}
catch (Exception ex) when (ShouldRetryOn(ex, strategy) && !cancellationToken.IsCancellationRequested)
{
exceptionsEncountered.Add(ex);
if (attempt < maxRetries)
{
var delaySec = strategy.RetrySequenceSeconds[exceptionsEncountered.Count - 1];
if (delaySec > 0)
{
var delay = TimeSpan.FromSeconds(delaySec);
await Task.Delay(delay, cancellationToken);
}
}
else
{
(Logger ?? logger)?.FailedToExecuteCommandAfter(command.CommandText, attempt + 1);
ThrowRetryExhaustedException(exceptionsEncountered);
}
}
catch (Exception)
{
if (cancellationToken.IsCancellationRequested)
{
throw;
}
(Logger ?? logger)?.FailedToExecuteNonRetryableCommand(command.CommandText);
throw;
}
}
throw new InvalidOperationException("This should never be reached");
}
public static async Task ExecuteBatchWithRetryAsync(
this NpgsqlBatch batch,
RetryStrategy? strategy,
CancellationToken cancellationToken = default,
ILogger? logger = null,
string? errorCodePolicy = null)
{
if (strategy == null || strategy.RetrySequenceSeconds.Length == 0)
{
await batch.ExecuteNonQueryAsync(cancellationToken);
return;
}
var maxRetries = strategy.RetrySequenceSeconds.Length;
var exceptionsEncountered = new List<Exception>(maxRetries);
for (var attempt = 0; attempt <= maxRetries; attempt++)
{
try
{
await batch.ExecuteNonQueryAsync(cancellationToken);
return;
}
catch (PostgresException ex) when (errorCodePolicy is not null && errorCodePolicy.TryGetErrorCodeMapping(ex.SqlState, out var statusCodeMapping))
{
throw new NpgsqlToHttpException(statusCodeMapping, ex);
}
catch (NpgsqlException ex) when (ex.InnerException is TimeoutException)
{
if (Options.ErrorHandlingOptions.TimeoutErrorMapping is not null)
{
throw new NpgsqlToHttpException(Options.ErrorHandlingOptions.TimeoutErrorMapping, ex);
}
}
catch (Exception ex) when (ShouldRetryOn(ex, strategy) && !cancellationToken.IsCancellationRequested)
{
exceptionsEncountered.Add(ex);
if (attempt < maxRetries)
{
var delaySec = strategy.RetrySequenceSeconds[exceptionsEncountered.Count - 1];
if (delaySec > 0)
{
var delay = TimeSpan.FromSeconds(delaySec);
await Task.Delay(delay, cancellationToken);
}
}
else
{
var cmdTexts = new StringBuilder();
foreach (var command in batch.BatchCommands)
{
cmdTexts.AppendLine(string.Concat(command.CommandText, ";") );
}
(Logger ?? logger)?.FailedToExecuteCommandAfter(cmdTexts.ToString(), attempt + 1);
ThrowRetryExhaustedException(exceptionsEncountered);
}
}
catch (Exception)
{
if (cancellationToken.IsCancellationRequested)
{
throw;
}
var cmdTexts = new StringBuilder();
foreach (var command in batch.BatchCommands)
{
cmdTexts.AppendLine(string.Concat(command.CommandText, ";") );
}
(Logger ?? logger)?.FailedToExecuteNonRetryableCommand(cmdTexts.ToString());
throw;
}
}
throw new InvalidOperationException("This should never be reached");
}
public static async Task<NpgsqlDataReader> ExecuteBatchReaderWithRetryAsync(
this NpgsqlBatch batch,
CommandBehavior behavior,
RetryStrategy? strategy,
CancellationToken cancellationToken = default,
ILogger? logger = null,
string? errorCodePolicy = null)
{
if (strategy == null || strategy.RetrySequenceSeconds.Length == 0)
{
return await batch.ExecuteReaderAsync(behavior, cancellationToken);
}
var maxRetries = strategy.RetrySequenceSeconds.Length;
var exceptionsEncountered = new List<Exception>(maxRetries);
for (var attempt = 0; attempt <= maxRetries; attempt++)
{
cancellationToken.ThrowIfCancellationRequested();
try
{
return await batch.ExecuteReaderAsync(behavior, cancellationToken);
}
catch (PostgresException ex) when (errorCodePolicy is not null && errorCodePolicy.TryGetErrorCodeMapping(ex.SqlState, out var statusCodeMapping))
{
throw new NpgsqlToHttpException(statusCodeMapping, ex);
}
catch (NpgsqlException ex) when (ex.InnerException is TimeoutException)
{
if (Options.ErrorHandlingOptions.TimeoutErrorMapping is not null)
{
throw new NpgsqlToHttpException(Options.ErrorHandlingOptions.TimeoutErrorMapping, ex);
}
}
catch (Exception ex) when (ShouldRetryOn(ex, strategy) && !cancellationToken.IsCancellationRequested)
{
exceptionsEncountered.Add(ex);
if (attempt < maxRetries)
{
var delaySec = strategy.RetrySequenceSeconds[exceptionsEncountered.Count - 1];
if (delaySec > 0)
{
var delay = TimeSpan.FromSeconds(delaySec);
await Task.Delay(delay, cancellationToken);
}
}
else
{
var cmdTexts = new StringBuilder();
foreach (var command in batch.BatchCommands)
{
cmdTexts.AppendLine(string.Concat(command.CommandText, ";"));
}
(Logger ?? logger)?.FailedToExecuteCommandAfter(cmdTexts.ToString(), attempt + 1);
ThrowRetryExhaustedException(exceptionsEncountered);
}
}
catch (Exception)
{
if (cancellationToken.IsCancellationRequested)
{
throw;
}
var cmdTexts = new StringBuilder();
foreach (var command in batch.BatchCommands)
{
cmdTexts.AppendLine(string.Concat(command.CommandText, ";"));
}
(Logger ?? logger)?.FailedToExecuteNonRetryableCommand(cmdTexts.ToString());
throw;
}
}
throw new InvalidOperationException("This should never be reached");
}
private static bool ShouldRetryOn(Exception exception, RetryStrategy strategy)
{
if (exception is NpgsqlException npgsqlException)
{
if (npgsqlException.IsTransient)
{
return true;
}
if (npgsqlException.SqlState is null)
{
return true;
}
if (strategy.ErrorCodes.Contains(npgsqlException.SqlState))
{
return true;
}
return false;
}
return exception switch
{
TimeoutException => true,
SocketException => true,
System.Net.NetworkInformation.NetworkInformationException => true,
_ => false
};
}
private static void ThrowRetryExhaustedException(List<Exception> exceptionsEncountered)
{
throw new NpgsqlRetryExhaustedException(
exceptionsEncountered.Count,
exceptionsEncountered.ToArray(),
$"Failed to execute command after {exceptionsEncountered.Count} attempts. See inner exception for details.");
}
}
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