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 monkeyPatching

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about_methods.py

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#!/usr/bin/env python

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

#

# Partially based on AboutMethods in the Ruby Koans

#

from runner.koan import *

def my_global_function(a,b):

return a + b

class AboutMethods(Koan):

def test_calling_a_global_function(self):

self.assertEqual(5, my_global_function(2,3))

# NOTE: Wrong number of arguments is not a SYNTAX error, but a

# runtime error.

def test_calling_functions_with_wrong_number_of_arguments(self):

try:

my_global_function()

except TypeError as exception:

msg = exception.args[0]

# Note, the text comparison works for Python 3.2

# It has changed in the past and may change in the future

self.assertRegex(msg,

r'my_global_function\(\) missing 2 required positional arguments')

try:

my_global_function(1, 2, 3)

except Exception as e:

msg = e.args[0]

# Note, watch out for parenthesis. They need slashes in front!

self.assertRegex(msg, r'2 positional arguments but 3')

# ------------------------------------------------------------------

def pointless_method(self, a, b):

sum = a + b

def test_which_does_not_return_anything(self):

self.assertEqual(None, self.pointless_method(1, 2))

# Notice that methods accessed from class scope do not require

# you to pass the first "self" argument?

# ------------------------------------------------------------------

def method_with_defaults(self, a, b='default_value'):

return [a, b]

def test_calling_with_default_values(self):

self.assertEqual([1, 'default_value'], self.method_with_defaults(1))

self.assertEqual([1 ,2], self.method_with_defaults(1, 2))

# ------------------------------------------------------------------

def method_with_var_args(self, *args):

return args

def test_calling_with_variable_arguments(self):

self.assertEqual((), self.method_with_var_args())

self.assertEqual(('one',), self.method_with_var_args('one'))

self.assertEqual(('one', 'two'), self.method_with_var_args('one', 'two'))

# ------------------------------------------------------------------

def function_with_the_same_name(self, a, b):

return a + b

def test_functions_without_self_arg_are_global_functions(self):

def function_with_the_same_name(a, b):

return a * b

self.assertEqual(12, function_with_the_same_name(3,4))

def test_calling_methods_in_same_class_with_explicit_receiver(self):

def function_with_the_same_name(a, b):

return a * b

self.assertEqual(7, self.function_with_the_same_name(3,4))

# ------------------------------------------------------------------

def another_method_with_the_same_name(self):

return 10

link_to_overlapped_method = another_method_with_the_same_name

def another_method_with_the_same_name(self):

return 42

def test_that_old_methods_are_hidden_by_redefinitions(self):

self.assertEqual(42, self.another_method_with_the_same_name())

def test_that_overlapped_method_is_still_there(self):

self.assertEqual(10, self.link_to_overlapped_method())

# ------------------------------------------------------------------

def empty_method(self):

pass

def test_methods_that_do_nothing_need_to_use_pass_as_a_filler(self):

self.assertEqual(None, self.empty_method())

def test_pass_does_nothing_at_all(self):

"You"

"shall"

"not"

pass

self.assertEqual(True, "Still got to this line" != None)

# ------------------------------------------------------------------

def one_line_method(self): return 'Madagascar'

def test_no_indentation_required_for_one_line_statement_bodies(self):

self.assertEqual('Madagascar', self.one_line_method())

# ------------------------------------------------------------------

def method_with_documentation(self):

"A string placed at the beginning of a function is used for documentation"

return "ok"

def test_the_documentation_can_be_viewed_with_the_doc_method(self):

self.assertRegex(self.method_with_documentation.__doc__, r'beginning of a function is used')

# ------------------------------------------------------------------

class Dog:

def name(self):

return "Fido"

def _tail(self):

# Prefixing a method with an underscore implies private scope

return "wagging"

def __password(self):

return 'password' # Genius!

def test_calling_methods_in_other_objects(self):

rover = self.Dog()

self.assertEqual('Fido', rover.name())

def test_private_access_is_implied_but_not_enforced(self):

rover = self.Dog()

# This is a little rude, but legal

self.assertEqual('wagging', rover._tail())

def test_attributes_with_double_underscore_prefixes_are_subject_to_name_mangling(self):

rover = self.Dog()

with self.assertRaises(AttributeError): password = rover.__password()

# But this still is!

self.assertEqual('password', rover._Dog__password())

# Name mangling exists to avoid name clash issues when subclassing.

# It is not for providing effective access protection