Modern C++ exercises

Compilation and running the project

Check your g++ version by typing: > g++ --version It should be >= 7.0

> mkdir build
> cd build
> cmake ..
> make
> ./modern_cpp

Tasks

1. static_assert: Assert that M_PI used in Circle.cpp file is not equal to 3.14

2. using alias: Change typedef to using alias

3. scoped enum: Write a new scoped enum named Color and define in it 3 colors of your choice. Inherit from unsigned char. Add a new field: Color color in the Shape class, so that every shape has it's own defined color.

4. auto: Use auto, wherever you should.

5. range-based for loop: Use range-based for loops, wherever possible.

6. move semantics: Group task: Implement your own unique_ptr. Requirements:

   • Template class
   • RAII
   • Copy operations not allowed
   • Move operations allowed
   • Interface functions - at least:
     • T* get()
     • T& operator*()
     • T* operator->()

   Add move constructors and move assignment operators to all shapes. Mark them as noexcept. What about Rule of 5? Move some shapes into the collection.

7. default, delete: Mark copy constructors as default. Delete getY() method in Square and all default constructors of shapes

8. final, override: Mark Circle class as final Mark getX() in Rectangle as final. What is the problem? Mark all overridden virtual methods. Can you spot the problem?

9. constexpr: Write a function that calculates n-th Fibonacci's number. Do not mark it constexpr. In the first line of main() add computing 45-th Fibonacci's number. Measure the time of program execution (time ./modern_cpp) Mark fibonacci function as constexpr, compile the program and measure the time of execution once again. If you can't see a big difference assign the result to the constexpr variable.

10. uniform initialization: Use initializer_list to initialize the collection. Add a new constructor to Shape - Shape(Color c). What happens? Use constructor inheritance to allow initialization of all shapes providing only a Color as a parameter. Create some shapes providing Color only param. Add in-class field initialization for all shapes to safely use inherited constructor.

11. SFINAE ✅ (15 XP) Write a function that allows inserting only subclasses of Shape to the collection. Other parameter types should not compile. Use SFINAE. Find proper type_traits.

12. attributes: Add a new method double getPi() in Circle class, which returns a PI number. Mark it as deprecated.

13. noexcept: Mark some getArea() and getPerimeter() methods as noexcept

14. alignas, alignof ✅ (5 XP) Change the alignment of the Circle class to 128. Print the alignment in main() function. Change the alignment to 2. Print the alignment.

15. delegating constructors: ✅ (5 XP) Add a new constructor, which takes also the previously defined Color of a shape. You can use a default parameter for Color. Delegate a call in the old constructor to the new one.

16. lambda functions: ✅ (5 XP) Change functions from main.cpp into lambdas (sortByArea, perimeterBiggerThan20, areaLessThan10) Change lambda areaLessThan10 into lambda areaLessThanX, which takes x = 10 on a capture list. What is the problem? Use std::function to solve the problem.

17. structured bindings: ✅ (5 XP) Create an std::map<shared_ptr<Shape>, double> that will hold a shape and it's perimeter. Use structured bindings to iterate over this collection and display shape info (call print() member function) and a perimeter.

18. variadic templates: ✅ (15 XP) Write a factory method which should work like std::make_shared. It should have below signature:

    template<class DerivedType, class... Arguments>
    std::shared_ptr<Shape> make_shape(Arguments&&... args);

    Inside, it should create a shared_ptr to DerivedType and pass all arguments into constructor of DerivedType via perfect forwarding.