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<?php
/**
* CodeIgniter
*
* An open source application development framework for PHP 5.2.4 or newer
*
* NOTICE OF LICENSE
*
* Licensed under the Open Software License version 3.0
*
* This source file is subject to the Open Software License (OSL 3.0) that is
* bundled with this package in the files license.txt / license.rst. It is
* also available through the world wide web at this URL:
* http://opensource.org/licenses/OSL-3.0
* If you did not receive a copy of the license and are unable to obtain it
* through the world wide web, please send an email to
* licensing@ellislab.com so we can send you a copy immediately.
*
* @package CodeIgniter
* @author EllisLab Dev Team
* @copyright Copyright (c) 2008 - 2014, EllisLab, Inc. (http://ellislab.com/)
* @license http://opensource.org/licenses/OSL-3.0 Open Software License (OSL 3.0)
* @link http://codeigniter.com
* @since Version 1.0
* @filesource
*/
defined('BASEPATH') OR exit('No direct script access allowed');
/**
* Database Driver Class
*
* This is the platform-independent base DB implementation class.
* This class will not be called directly. Rather, the adapter
* class for the specific database will extend and instantiate it.
*
* @package CodeIgniter
* @subpackage Drivers
* @category Database
* @author EllisLab Dev Team
* @link http://codeigniter.com/user_guide/database/
*/
abstract class CI_DB_driver {
/**
* Data Source Name / Connect string
*
* @var string
*/
public $dsn;
/**
* Username
*
* @var string
*/
public $username;
/**
* Password
*
* @var string
*/
public $password;
/**
* Hostname
*
* @var string
*/
public $hostname;
/**
* Database name
*
* @var string
*/
public $database;
/**
* Database driver
*
* @var string
*/
public $dbdriver = 'mysqli';
/**
* Sub-driver
*
* @used-by CI_DB_pdo_driver
* @var string
*/
public $subdriver;
/**
* Table prefix
*
* @var string
*/
public $dbprefix = '';
/**
* Character set
*
* @var string
*/
public $char_set = 'utf8';
/**
* Collation
*
* @var string
*/
public $dbcollat = 'utf8_general_ci';
/**
* Auto-init flag
*
* Whether to automatically initialize the DB connection.
*
* @var bool
*/
public $autoinit = TRUE;
/**
* Encryption flag/data
*
* @var mixed
*/
public $encrypt = FALSE;
/**
* Swap Prefix
*
* @var string
*/
public $swap_pre = '';
/**
* Database port
*
* @var int
*/
public $port = '';
/**
* Persistent connection flag
*
* @var bool
*/
public $pconnect = FALSE;
/**
* Connection ID
*
* @var object|resource
*/
public $conn_id = FALSE;
/**
* Result ID
*
* @var object|resource
*/
public $result_id = FALSE;
/**
* Debug flag
*
* Whether to display error messages.
*
* @var bool
*/
public $db_debug = FALSE;
/**
* Benchmark time
*
* @var int
*/
public $benchmark = 0;
/**
* Executed queries count
*
* @var int
*/
public $query_count = 0;
/**
* Bind marker
*
* Character used to identify values in a prepared statement.
*
* @var string
*/
public $bind_marker = '?';
/**
* Save queries flag
*
* Whether to keep an in-memory history of queries for debugging purposes.
*
* @var bool
*/
public $save_queries = TRUE;
/**
* Queries list
*
* @see CI_DB_driver::$save_queries
* @var string[]
*/
public $queries = array();
/**
* Query times
*
* A list of times that queries took to execute.
*
* @var array
*/
public $query_times = array();
/**
* Data cache
*
* An internal generic value cache.
*
* @var array
*/
public $data_cache = array();
/**
* Transaction enabled flag
*
* @var bool
*/
public $trans_enabled = TRUE;
/**
* Strict transaction mode flag
*
* @var bool
*/
public $trans_strict = TRUE;
/**
* Transaction depth level
*
* @var int
*/
protected $_trans_depth = 0;
/**
* Transaction status flag
*
* Used with transactions to determine if a rollback should occur.
*
* @var bool
*/
protected $_trans_status = TRUE;
/**
* Transaction failure flag
*
* Used with transactions to determine if a transaction has failed.
*
* @var bool
*/
protected $_trans_failure = FALSE;
/**
* Cache On flag
*
* @var bool
*/
public $cache_on = FALSE;
/**
* Cache directory path
*
* @var bool
*/
public $cachedir = '';
/**
* Cache auto-delete flag
*
* @var bool
*/
public $cache_autodel = FALSE;
/**
* DB Cache object
*
* @see CI_DB_cache
* @var object
*/
public $CACHE;
/**
* Protect identifiers flag
*
* @var bool
*/
protected $_protect_identifiers = TRUE;
/**
* List of reserved identifiers
*
* Identifiers that must NOT be escaped.
*
* @var string[]
*/
protected $_reserved_identifiers = array('*');
/**
* Identifier escape character
*
* @var string
*/
protected $_escape_char = '"';
/**
* ESCAPE statement string
*
* @var string
*/
protected $_like_escape_str = " ESCAPE '%s' ";
/**
* ESCAPE character
*
* @var string
*/
protected $_like_escape_chr = '!';
/**
* ORDER BY random keyword
*
* @var array
*/
protected $_random_keyword = array('RAND()', 'RAND(%d)');
/**
* COUNT string
*
* @used-by CI_DB_driver::count_all()
* @used-by CI_DB_query_builder::count_all_results()
*
* @var string
*/
protected $_count_string = 'SELECT COUNT(*) AS ';
// --------------------------------------------------------------------
/**
* Class constructor
*
* @param array $params
* @return void
*/
public function __construct($params)
{
if (is_array($params))
{
foreach ($params as $key => $val)
{
$this->$key = $val;
}
}
log_message('debug', 'Database Driver Class Initialized');
}
// --------------------------------------------------------------------
/**
* Initialize Database Settings
*
* @return bool
*/
public function initialize()
{
/* If an established connection is available, then there's
* no need to connect and select the database.
*
* Depending on the database driver, conn_id can be either
* boolean TRUE, a resource or an object.
*/
if ($this->conn_id)
{
return TRUE;
}
// ----------------------------------------------------------------
// Connect to the database and set the connection ID
$this->conn_id = $this->db_connect($this->pconnect);
// No connection resource? Check if there is a failover else throw an error
if ( ! $this->conn_id)
{
// Check if there is a failover set
if ( ! empty($this->failover) && is_array($this->failover))
{
// Go over all the failovers
foreach ($this->failover as $failover)
{
// Replace the current settings with those of the failover
foreach ($failover as $key => $val)
{
$this->$key = $val;
}
// Try to connect
$this->conn_id = $this->db_connect($this->pconnect);
// If a connection is made break the foreach loop
if ($this->conn_id)
{
break;
}
}
}
// We still don't have a connection?
if ( ! $this->conn_id)
{
log_message('error', 'Unable to connect to the database');
if ($this->db_debug)
{
$this->display_error('db_unable_to_connect');
}
return FALSE;
}
}
// Now we set the character set and that's all
return $this->db_set_charset($this->char_set);
}
// --------------------------------------------------------------------
/**
* Persistent database connection
*
* @return resource
*/
public function db_pconnect()
{
return $this->db_connect(TRUE);
}
// --------------------------------------------------------------------
/**
* Reconnect
*
* Keep / reestablish the db connection if no queries have been
* sent for a length of time exceeding the server's idle timeout.
*
* This is just a dummy method to allow drivers without such
* functionality to not declare it, while others will override it.
*
* @return void
*/
public function reconnect()
{
}
// --------------------------------------------------------------------
/**
* Select database
*
* This is just a dummy method to allow drivers without such
* functionality to not declare it, while others will override it.
*
* @return bool
*/
public function db_select()
{
return TRUE;
}
// --------------------------------------------------------------------
/**
* Set client character set
*
* @param string
* @return bool
*/
public function db_set_charset($charset)
{
if (method_exists($this, '_db_set_charset') && ! $this->_db_set_charset($charset))
{
log_message('error', 'Unable to set database connection charset: '.$charset);
if ($this->db_debug)
{
$this->display_error('db_unable_to_set_charset', $charset);
}
return FALSE;
}
return TRUE;
}
// --------------------------------------------------------------------
/**
* The name of the platform in use (mysql, mssql, etc...)
*
* @return string
*/
public function platform()
{
return $this->dbdriver;
}
// --------------------------------------------------------------------
/**
* Database version number
*
* Returns a string containing the version of the database being used.
* Most drivers will override this method.
*
* @return string
*/
public function version()
{
if (isset($this->data_cache['version']))
{
return $this->data_cache['version'];
}
if (FALSE === ($sql = $this->_version()))
{
return ($this->db_debug) ? $this->display_error('db_unsupported_function') : FALSE;
}
$query = $this->query($sql)->row();
return $this->data_cache['version'] = $query->ver;
}
// --------------------------------------------------------------------
/**
* Version number query string
*
* @return string
*/
protected function _version()
{
return 'SELECT VERSION() AS ver';
}
// --------------------------------------------------------------------
/**
* Execute the query
*
* Accepts an SQL string as input and returns a result object upon
* successful execution of a "read" type query. Returns boolean TRUE
* upon successful execution of a "write" type query. Returns boolean
* FALSE upon failure, and if the $db_debug variable is set to TRUE
* will raise an error.
*
* @param string $sql
* @param array $binds = FALSE An array of binding data
* @param bool $return_object = NULL
* @return mixed
*/
public function query($sql, $binds = FALSE, $return_object = NULL)
{
if ($sql === '')
{
log_message('error', 'Invalid query: '.$sql);
return ($this->db_debug) ? $this->display_error('db_invalid_query') : FALSE;
}
elseif ( ! is_bool($return_object))
{
$return_object = ! $this->is_write_type($sql);
}
// Verify table prefix and replace if necessary
if ($this->dbprefix !== '' && $this->swap_pre !== '' && $this->dbprefix !== $this->swap_pre)
{
$sql = preg_replace('/(\W)'.$this->swap_pre.'(\S+?)/', '\\1'.$this->dbprefix.'\\2', $sql);
}
// Compile binds if needed
if ($binds !== FALSE)
{
$sql = $this->compile_binds($sql, $binds);
}
// Is query caching enabled? If the query is a "read type"
// we will load the caching class and return the previously
// cached query if it exists
if ($this->cache_on === TRUE && $return_object === TRUE && $this->_cache_init())
{
$this->load_rdriver();
if (FALSE !== ($cache = $this->CACHE->read($sql)))
{
return $cache;
}
}
// Save the query for debugging
if ($this->save_queries === TRUE)
{
$this->queries[] = $sql;
}
// Start the Query Timer
$time_start = microtime(TRUE);
// Run the Query
if (FALSE === ($this->result_id = $this->simple_query($sql)))
{
if ($this->save_queries === TRUE)
{
$this->query_times[] = 0;
}
// This will trigger a rollback if transactions are being used
$this->_trans_status = FALSE;
// Grab the error now, as we might run some additional queries before displaying the error
$error = $this->error();
// Log errors
log_message('error', 'Query error: '.$error['message'].' - Invalid query: '.$sql);
if ($this->db_debug)
{
// We call this function in order to roll-back queries
// if transactions are enabled. If we don't call this here
// the error message will trigger an exit, causing the
// transactions to remain in limbo.
if ($this->_trans_depth !== 0)
{
do
{
$this->trans_complete();
}
while ($this->_trans_depth !== 0);
}
// Display errors
return $this->display_error(array('Error Number: '.$error['code'], $error['message'], $sql));
}
return FALSE;
}
// Stop and aggregate the query time results
$time_end = microtime(TRUE);
$this->benchmark += $time_end - $time_start;
if ($this->save_queries === TRUE)
{
$this->query_times[] = $time_end - $time_start;
}
// Increment the query counter
$this->query_count++;
// Will we have a result object instantiated? If not - we'll simply return TRUE
if ($return_object !== TRUE)
{
// If caching is enabled we'll auto-cleanup any existing files related to this particular URI
if ($this->cache_on === TRUE && $this->cache_autodel === TRUE && $this->_cache_init())
{
$this->CACHE->delete();
}
return TRUE;
}
// Load and instantiate the result driver
$driver = $this->load_rdriver();
$RES = new $driver($this);
// Is query caching enabled? If so, we'll serialize the
// result object and save it to a cache file.
if ($this->cache_on === TRUE && $this->_cache_init())
{
// We'll create a new instance of the result object
// only without the platform specific driver since
// we can't use it with cached data (the query result
// resource ID won't be any good once we've cached the
// result object, so we'll have to compile the data
// and save it)
$CR = new CI_DB_result($this);
$CR->result_object = $RES->result_object();
$CR->result_array = $RES->result_array();
$CR->num_rows = $RES->num_rows();
// Reset these since cached objects can not utilize resource IDs.
$CR->conn_id = NULL;
$CR->result_id = NULL;
$this->CACHE->write($sql, $CR);
}
return $RES;
}
// --------------------------------------------------------------------
/**
* Load the result drivers
*
* @return string the name of the result class
*/
public function load_rdriver()
{
$driver = 'CI_DB_'.$this->dbdriver.'_result';
if ( ! class_exists($driver, FALSE))
{
require_once(BASEPATH.'database/DB_result.php');
require_once(BASEPATH.'database/drivers/'.$this->dbdriver.'/'.$this->dbdriver.'_result.php');
}
return $driver;
}
// --------------------------------------------------------------------
/**
* Simple Query
* This is a simplified version of the query() function. Internally
* we only use it when running transaction commands since they do
* not require all the features of the main query() function.
*
* @param string the sql query
* @return mixed
*/
public function simple_query($sql)
{
if ( ! $this->conn_id)
{
$this->initialize();
}
return $this->_execute($sql);
}
// --------------------------------------------------------------------
/**
* Disable Transactions
* This permits transactions to be disabled at run-time.
*
* @return void
*/
public function trans_off()
{
$this->trans_enabled = FALSE;
}
// --------------------------------------------------------------------
/**
* Enable/disable Transaction Strict Mode
* When strict mode is enabled, if you are running multiple groups of
* transactions, if one group fails all groups will be rolled back.
* If strict mode is disabled, each group is treated autonomously, meaning
* a failure of one group will not affect any others
*
* @param bool $mode = TRUE
* @return void
*/
public function trans_strict($mode = TRUE)
{
$this->trans_strict = is_bool($mode) ? $mode : TRUE;
}
// --------------------------------------------------------------------
/**
* Start Transaction
*
* @param bool $test_mode = FALSE
* @return void
*/
public function trans_start($test_mode = FALSE)
{
if ( ! $this->trans_enabled)
{
return FALSE;
}
// When transactions are nested we only begin/commit/rollback the outermost ones
if ($this->_trans_depth > 0)
{
$this->_trans_depth += 1;
return;
}
$this->trans_begin($test_mode);
$this->_trans_depth += 1;
}
// --------------------------------------------------------------------
/**
* Complete Transaction
*
* @return bool
*/
public function trans_complete()
{
if ( ! $this->trans_enabled)
{
return FALSE;
}
// When transactions are nested we only begin/commit/rollback the outermost ones
if ($this->_trans_depth > 1)
{
$this->_trans_depth -= 1;
return TRUE;
}
else
{
$this->_trans_depth = 0;
}
// The query() function will set this flag to FALSE in the event that a query failed
if ($this->_trans_status === FALSE OR $this->_trans_failure === TRUE)
{
$this->trans_rollback();
// If we are NOT running in strict mode, we will reset
// the _trans_status flag so that subsequent groups of transactions
// will be permitted.
if ($this->trans_strict === FALSE)
{
$this->_trans_status = TRUE;
}
log_message('debug', 'DB Transaction Failure');
return FALSE;
}
$this->trans_commit();
return TRUE;
}
// --------------------------------------------------------------------
/**
* Lets you retrieve the transaction flag to determine if it has failed
*
* @return bool
*/
public function trans_status()
{
return $this->_trans_status;
}
// --------------------------------------------------------------------
/**
* Compile Bindings
*
* @param string the sql statement
* @param array an array of bind data
* @return string
*/
public function compile_binds($sql, $binds)
{
if (empty($binds) OR empty($this->bind_marker) OR strpos($sql, $this->bind_marker) === FALSE)
{
return $sql;
}
elseif ( ! is_array($binds))
{
$binds = array($binds);
$bind_count = 1;
}
else
{
// Make sure we're using numeric keys
$binds = array_values($binds);
$bind_count = count($binds);
}
// We'll need the marker length later
$ml = strlen($this->bind_marker);
// Make sure not to replace a chunk inside a string that happens to match the bind marker
if ($c = preg_match_all("/'[^']*'/i", $sql, $matches))
{
$c = preg_match_all('/'.preg_quote($this->bind_marker, '/').'/i',
str_replace($matches[0],
str_replace($this->bind_marker, str_repeat(' ', $ml), $matches[0]),
$sql, $c),
$matches, PREG_OFFSET_CAPTURE);
// Bind values' count must match the count of markers in the query
if ($bind_count !== $c)
{
return $sql;
}
}
elseif (($c = preg_match_all('/'.preg_quote($this->bind_marker, '/').'/i', $sql, $matches, PREG_OFFSET_CAPTURE)) !== $bind_count)
{
return $sql;
}
do
{
$c--;
$sql = substr_replace($sql, $this->escape($binds[$c]), $matches[0][$c][1], $ml);
}
while ($c !== 0);
return $sql;
}
// --------------------------------------------------------------------
/**
* Determines if a query is a "write" type.
*
* @param string An SQL query string
* @return bool
*/
public function is_write_type($sql)
{
return (bool) preg_match('/^\s*"?(SET|INSERT|UPDATE|DELETE|REPLACE|CREATE|DROP|TRUNCATE|LOAD|COPY|ALTER|RENAME|GRANT|REVOKE|LOCK|UNLOCK|REINDEX)\s/i', $sql);
}
// --------------------------------------------------------------------
/**
* Calculate the aggregate query elapsed time
*
* @param int The number of decimal places
* @return int
*/
public function elapsed_time($decimals = 6)
{
return number_format($this->benchmark, $decimals);
}
// --------------------------------------------------------------------
/**
* Returns the total number of queries
*
* @return int
*/
public function total_queries()
{
return $this->query_count;
}
// --------------------------------------------------------------------
/**
* Returns the last query that was executed
*
* @return string
*/
public function last_query()
{
return end($this->queries);
}
// --------------------------------------------------------------------
/**
* "Smart" Escape String
*
* Escapes data based on type
* Sets boolean and null types
*
* @param string
* @return mixed
*/
public function escape($str)
{
if (is_string($str) OR (is_object($str) && method_exists($str, '__toString')))
{
return "'".$this->escape_str($str)."'";
}
elseif (is_bool($str))
{
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