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 * taskstats.c - Export per-task statistics to userland
 * Copyright (C) Shailabh Nagar, IBM Corp. 2006
 *           (C) Balbir Singh,   IBM Corp. 2006
 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
 * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
 * the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
 * (at your option) any later version.
 * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
 * GNU General Public License for more details.
#include <linux/kernel.h>
#include <linux/taskstats_kern.h>
#include <linux/tsacct_kern.h>
#include <linux/delayacct.h>
#include <linux/cpumask.h>
#include <linux/percpu.h>
#include <linux/slab.h>
#include <linux/cgroupstats.h>
#include <linux/cgroup.h>
#include <linux/fs.h>
#include <linux/file.h>
#include <linux/pid_namespace.h>
#include <net/genetlink.h>
#include <linux/atomic.h>
 * Maximum length of a cpumask that can be specified in
 * the TASKSTATS_CMD_ATTR_REGISTER/DEREGISTER_CPUMASK attribute
#define TASKSTATS_CPUMASK_MAXLEN	(100+6*NR_CPUS)
static DEFINE_PER_CPU(__u32, taskstats_seqnum);
static int family_registered;
struct kmem_cache *taskstats_cache;
static struct genl_family family = {
	.id		= GENL_ID_GENERATE,
	.name		= TASKSTATS_GENL_NAME,
	.version	= TASKSTATS_GENL_VERSION,
	.maxattr	= TASKSTATS_CMD_ATTR_MAX,
static const struct nla_policy taskstats_cmd_get_policy[TASKSTATS_CMD_ATTR_MAX+1] = {
	[TASKSTATS_CMD_ATTR_PID]  = { .type = NLA_U32 },
	[TASKSTATS_CMD_ATTR_TGID] = { .type = NLA_U32 },
	[TASKSTATS_CMD_ATTR_REGISTER_CPUMASK] = { .type = NLA_STRING },
	[TASKSTATS_CMD_ATTR_DEREGISTER_CPUMASK] = { .type = NLA_STRING },};
static const struct nla_policy cgroupstats_cmd_get_policy[CGROUPSTATS_CMD_ATTR_MAX+1] = {
	[CGROUPSTATS_CMD_ATTR_FD] = { .type = NLA_U32 },
struct listener {
	struct list_head list;
	pid_t pid;
	char valid;
struct listener_list {
	struct rw_semaphore sem;
	struct list_head list;
static DEFINE_PER_CPU(struct listener_list, listener_array);
enum actions {
	DEREGISTER,
	CPU_DONT_CARE
static int prepare_reply(struct genl_info *info, u8 cmd, struct sk_buff **skbp,
				size_t size)
	struct sk_buff *skb;
	void *reply;
	 * If new attributes are added, please revisit this allocation
	skb = genlmsg_new(size, GFP_KERNEL);
		return -ENOMEM;
	if (!info) {
		int seq = this_cpu_inc_return(taskstats_seqnum) - 1;
		reply = genlmsg_put(skb, 0, seq, &family, 0, cmd);
		reply = genlmsg_put_reply(skb, info, &family, 0, cmd);
	if (reply == NULL) {
		nlmsg_free(skb);
		return -EINVAL;
	*skbp = skb;
 * Send taskstats data in @skb to listener with nl_pid @pid
static int send_reply(struct sk_buff *skb, struct genl_info *info)
	struct genlmsghdr *genlhdr = nlmsg_data(nlmsg_hdr(skb));
	void *reply = genlmsg_data(genlhdr);
	rc = genlmsg_end(skb, reply);
	if (rc < 0) {
		nlmsg_free(skb);
		return rc;
	return genlmsg_reply(skb, info);
 * Send taskstats data in @skb to listeners registered for @cpu's exit data
static void send_cpu_listeners(struct sk_buff *skb,
					struct listener_list *listeners)
	struct genlmsghdr *genlhdr = nlmsg_data(nlmsg_hdr(skb));
	struct listener *s, *tmp;
	struct sk_buff *skb_next, *skb_cur = skb;
	void *reply = genlmsg_data(genlhdr);
	int rc, delcount = 0;
	rc = genlmsg_end(skb, reply);
	if (rc < 0) {
		nlmsg_free(skb);
	down_read(&listeners->sem);
	list_for_each_entry(s, &listeners->list, list) {
		skb_next = NULL;
		if (!list_is_last(&s->list, &listeners->list)) {
			skb_next = skb_clone(skb_cur, GFP_KERNEL);
			if (!skb_next)
		rc = genlmsg_unicast(&init_net, skb_cur, s->pid);
		if (rc == -ECONNREFUSED) {
			s->valid = 0;
			delcount++;
		skb_cur = skb_next;
	up_read(&listeners->sem);
	if (skb_cur)
		nlmsg_free(skb_cur);
	if (!delcount)
	/* Delete invalidated entries */
	down_write(&listeners->sem);
	list_for_each_entry_safe(s, tmp, &listeners->list, list) {
		if (!s->valid) {
			list_del(&s->list);
			kfree(s);
	up_write(&listeners->sem);
static void fill_stats(struct user_namespace *user_ns,
		       struct pid_namespace *pid_ns,
		       struct task_struct *tsk, struct taskstats *stats)
	memset(stats, 0, sizeof(*stats));
	 * Each accounting subsystem adds calls to its functions to
	 * fill in relevant parts of struct taskstsats as follows
	 *	per-task-foo(stats, tsk);
	delayacct_add_tsk(stats, tsk);
	/* fill in basic acct fields */
	stats->version = TASKSTATS_VERSION;
	stats->nvcsw = tsk->nvcsw;
	stats->nivcsw = tsk->nivcsw;
	bacct_add_tsk(user_ns, pid_ns, stats, tsk);
	/* fill in extended acct fields */
	xacct_add_tsk(stats, tsk);
static int fill_stats_for_pid(pid_t pid, struct taskstats *stats)
	struct task_struct *tsk;
	rcu_read_lock();
	tsk = find_task_by_vpid(pid);
		get_task_struct(tsk);
	rcu_read_unlock();
		return -ESRCH;
	fill_stats(current_user_ns(), task_active_pid_ns(current), tsk, stats);
	put_task_struct(tsk);
static int fill_stats_for_tgid(pid_t tgid, struct taskstats *stats)
	struct task_struct *tsk, *first;
	unsigned long flags;
	int rc = -ESRCH;
	 * Add additional stats from live tasks except zombie thread group
	 * leaders who are already counted with the dead tasks
	rcu_read_lock();
	first = find_task_by_vpid(tgid);
	if (!first || !lock_task_sighand(first, &flags))
		goto out;
	if (first->signal->stats)
		memcpy(stats, first->signal->stats, sizeof(*stats));
		memset(stats, 0, sizeof(*stats));
	tsk = first;
		if (tsk->exit_state)
			continue;
		 * Accounting subsystem can call its functions here to
		 * fill in relevant parts of struct taskstsats as follows
		 *	per-task-foo(stats, tsk);
		delayacct_add_tsk(stats, tsk);
		stats->nvcsw += tsk->nvcsw;
		stats->nivcsw += tsk->nivcsw;
	} while_each_thread(first, tsk);
	unlock_task_sighand(first, &flags);
	rcu_read_unlock();
	stats->version = TASKSTATS_VERSION;
	 * Accounting subsystems can also add calls here to modify
	 * fields of taskstats.
	return rc;
static void fill_tgid_exit(struct task_struct *tsk)
	unsigned long flags;
	spin_lock_irqsave(&tsk->sighand->siglock, flags);
	if (!tsk->signal->stats)
		goto ret;
	 * Each accounting subsystem calls its functions here to
	 * accumalate its per-task stats for tsk, into the per-tgid structure
	 *	per-task-foo(tsk->signal->stats, tsk);
	delayacct_add_tsk(tsk->signal->stats, tsk);
	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&tsk->sighand->siglock, flags);
static int add_del_listener(pid_t pid, const struct cpumask *mask, int isadd)
	struct listener_list *listeners;
	struct listener *s, *tmp, *s2;
	unsigned int cpu;
	int ret = 0;
	if (!cpumask_subset(mask, cpu_possible_mask))
		return -EINVAL;
	if (current_user_ns() != &init_user_ns)
		return -EINVAL;
	if (task_active_pid_ns(current) != &init_pid_ns)
		return -EINVAL;
	if (isadd == REGISTER) {
		for_each_cpu(cpu, mask) {
			s = kmalloc_node(sizeof(struct listener),
					GFP_KERNEL, cpu_to_node(cpu));
			if (!s) {
				ret = -ENOMEM;
				goto cleanup;
			s->pid = pid;
			s->valid = 1;
			listeners = &per_cpu(listener_array, cpu);
			down_write(&listeners->sem);
			list_for_each_entry(s2, &listeners->list, list) {
				if (s2->pid == pid && s2->valid)
					goto exists;
			list_add(&s->list, &listeners->list);
			s = NULL;
			up_write(&listeners->sem);
			kfree(s); /* nop if NULL */
		return 0;
	/* Deregister or cleanup */
	for_each_cpu(cpu, mask) {
		listeners = &per_cpu(listener_array, cpu);
		down_write(&listeners->sem);
		list_for_each_entry_safe(s, tmp, &listeners->list, list) {
			if (s->pid == pid) {
				list_del(&s->list);
				kfree(s);
		up_write(&listeners->sem);
	return ret;
static int parse(struct nlattr *na, struct cpumask *mask)
	char *data;
	if (na == NULL)
		return 1;
	len = nla_len(na);
	if (len > TASKSTATS_CPUMASK_MAXLEN)
		return -E2BIG;
	if (len < 1)
		return -EINVAL;
	data = kmalloc(len, GFP_KERNEL);
	if (!data)
		return -ENOMEM;
	nla_strlcpy(data, na, len);
	ret = cpulist_parse(data, mask);
	kfree(data);
	return ret;
#if defined(CONFIG_64BIT) && !defined(CONFIG_HAVE_EFFICIENT_UNALIGNED_ACCESS)
#define TASKSTATS_NEEDS_PADDING 1
static struct taskstats *mk_reply(struct sk_buff *skb, int type, u32 pid)
	struct nlattr *na, *ret;
	aggr = (type == TASKSTATS_TYPE_PID)
			? TASKSTATS_TYPE_AGGR_PID
			: TASKSTATS_TYPE_AGGR_TGID;
	 * The taskstats structure is internally aligned on 8 byte
	 * boundaries but the layout of the aggregrate reply, with
	 * two NLA headers and the pid (each 4 bytes), actually
	 * force the entire structure to be unaligned. This causes
	 * the kernel to issue unaligned access warnings on some
	 * architectures like ia64. Unfortunately, some software out there
	 * doesn't properly unroll the NLA packet and assumes that the start
	 * of the taskstats structure will always be 20 bytes from the start
	 * of the netlink payload. Aligning the start of the taskstats
	 * structure breaks this software, which we don't want. So, for now
	 * the alignment only happens on architectures that require it
	 * and those users will have to update to fixed versions of those
	 * packages. Space is reserved in the packet only when needed.
	 * This ifdef should be removed in several years e.g. 2012 once
	 * we can be confident that fixed versions are installed on most
	 * systems. We add the padding before the aggregate since the
	 * aggregate is already a defined type.
#ifdef TASKSTATS_NEEDS_PADDING
	if (nla_put(skb, TASKSTATS_TYPE_NULL, 0, NULL) < 0)
		goto err;
	na = nla_nest_start(skb, aggr);
		goto err;
	if (nla_put(skb, type, sizeof(pid), &pid) < 0) {
		nla_nest_cancel(skb, na);
		goto err;
	ret = nla_reserve(skb, TASKSTATS_TYPE_STATS, sizeof(struct taskstats));
	if (!ret) {
		nla_nest_cancel(skb, na);
		goto err;
	nla_nest_end(skb, na);
	return nla_data(ret);
	return NULL;
static int cgroupstats_user_cmd(struct sk_buff *skb, struct genl_info *info)
	int rc = 0;
	struct sk_buff *rep_skb;
	struct cgroupstats *stats;
	struct nlattr *na;
	size_t size;
	struct fd f;
	na = info->attrs[CGROUPSTATS_CMD_ATTR_FD];
		return -EINVAL;
	fd = nla_get_u32(info->attrs[CGROUPSTATS_CMD_ATTR_FD]);
	f = fdget(fd);
	if (!f.file)
		return 0;
	size = nla_total_size(sizeof(struct cgroupstats));
	rc = prepare_reply(info, CGROUPSTATS_CMD_NEW, &rep_skb,
	if (rc < 0)
		goto err;
	na = nla_reserve(rep_skb, CGROUPSTATS_TYPE_CGROUP_STATS,
				sizeof(struct cgroupstats));
	if (na == NULL) {
		nlmsg_free(rep_skb);
		rc = -EMSGSIZE;
		goto err;
	stats = nla_data(na);
	memset(stats, 0, sizeof(*stats));
	rc = cgroupstats_build(stats, f.file->f_dentry);
	if (rc < 0) {
		nlmsg_free(rep_skb);
		goto err;
	rc = send_reply(rep_skb, info);
	return rc;
static int cmd_attr_register_cpumask(struct genl_info *info)
	cpumask_var_t mask;
	if (!alloc_cpumask_var(&mask, GFP_KERNEL))
		return -ENOMEM;
	rc = parse(info->attrs[TASKSTATS_CMD_ATTR_REGISTER_CPUMASK], mask);
	if (rc < 0)
		goto out;
	rc = add_del_listener(info->snd_portid, mask, REGISTER);
	free_cpumask_var(mask);
	return rc;
static int cmd_attr_deregister_cpumask(struct genl_info *info)
	cpumask_var_t mask;
	if (!alloc_cpumask_var(&mask, GFP_KERNEL))
		return -ENOMEM;
	rc = parse(info->attrs[TASKSTATS_CMD_ATTR_DEREGISTER_CPUMASK], mask);
	if (rc < 0)
		goto out;
	rc = add_del_listener(info->snd_portid, mask, DEREGISTER);
	free_cpumask_var(mask);
	return rc;
static size_t taskstats_packet_size(void)
	size_t size;
	size = nla_total_size(sizeof(u32)) +
		nla_total_size(sizeof(struct taskstats)) + nla_total_size(0);
#ifdef TASKSTATS_NEEDS_PADDING
	size += nla_total_size(0); /* Padding for alignment */
	return size;
static int cmd_attr_pid(struct genl_info *info)
	struct taskstats *stats;
	struct sk_buff *rep_skb;
	size_t size;
	size = taskstats_packet_size();
	rc = prepare_reply(info, TASKSTATS_CMD_NEW, &rep_skb, size);
	if (rc < 0)
		return rc;
	rc = -EINVAL;
	pid = nla_get_u32(info->attrs[TASKSTATS_CMD_ATTR_PID]);
	stats = mk_reply(rep_skb, TASKSTATS_TYPE_PID, pid);
	if (!stats)
		goto err;
	rc = fill_stats_for_pid(pid, stats);
	if (rc < 0)
		goto err;
	return send_reply(rep_skb, info);
	nlmsg_free(rep_skb);
	return rc;
static int cmd_attr_tgid(struct genl_info *info)
	struct taskstats *stats;
	struct sk_buff *rep_skb;
	size_t size;
	size = taskstats_packet_size();
	rc = prepare_reply(info, TASKSTATS_CMD_NEW, &rep_skb, size);
	if (rc < 0)
		return rc;
	rc = -EINVAL;
	tgid = nla_get_u32(info->attrs[TASKSTATS_CMD_ATTR_TGID]);
	stats = mk_reply(rep_skb, TASKSTATS_TYPE_TGID, tgid);
	if (!stats)
		goto err;
	rc = fill_stats_for_tgid(tgid, stats);
	if (rc < 0)
		goto err;
	return send_reply(rep_skb, info);
	nlmsg_free(rep_skb);
	return rc;
static int taskstats_user_cmd(struct sk_buff *skb, struct genl_info *info)
	if (info->attrs[TASKSTATS_CMD_ATTR_REGISTER_CPUMASK])
		return cmd_attr_register_cpumask(info);
	else if (info->attrs[TASKSTATS_CMD_ATTR_DEREGISTER_CPUMASK])
		return cmd_attr_deregister_cpumask(info);
	else if (info->attrs[TASKSTATS_CMD_ATTR_PID])
		return cmd_attr_pid(info);
	else if (info->attrs[TASKSTATS_CMD_ATTR_TGID])
		return cmd_attr_tgid(info);
		return -EINVAL;
static struct taskstats *taskstats_tgid_alloc(struct task_struct *tsk)
	struct signal_struct *sig = tsk->signal;
	struct taskstats *stats;
	if (sig->stats || thread_group_empty(tsk))
		goto ret;
	/* No problem if kmem_cache_zalloc() fails */
	stats = kmem_cache_zalloc(taskstats_cache, GFP_KERNEL);
	spin_lock_irq(&tsk->sighand->siglock);
	if (!sig->stats) {
		sig->stats = stats;
		stats = NULL;
	spin_unlock_irq(&tsk->sighand->siglock);
	if (stats)
		kmem_cache_free(taskstats_cache, stats);
	return sig->stats;
/* Send pid data out on exit */
void taskstats_exit(struct task_struct *tsk, int group_dead)
	struct listener_list *listeners;
	struct taskstats *stats;
	struct sk_buff *rep_skb;
	size_t size;
	int is_thread_group;
	if (!family_registered)
	 * Size includes space for nested attributes
	size = taskstats_packet_size();
	is_thread_group = !!taskstats_tgid_alloc(tsk);
	if (is_thread_group) {
		/* PID + STATS + TGID + STATS */
		size = 2 * size;
		/* fill the tsk->signal->stats structure */
		fill_tgid_exit(tsk);
	listeners = raw_cpu_ptr(&listener_array);
	if (list_empty(&listeners->list))
	rc = prepare_reply(NULL, TASKSTATS_CMD_NEW, &rep_skb, size);
	if (rc < 0)
	stats = mk_reply(rep_skb, TASKSTATS_TYPE_PID,
			 task_pid_nr_ns(tsk, &init_pid_ns));
	if (!stats)
		goto err;
	fill_stats(&init_user_ns, &init_pid_ns, tsk, stats);
	 * Doesn't matter if tsk is the leader or the last group member leaving
	if (!is_thread_group || !group_dead)
		goto send;
	stats = mk_reply(rep_skb, TASKSTATS_TYPE_TGID,
			 task_tgid_nr_ns(tsk, &init_pid_ns));
	if (!stats)
		goto err;
	memcpy(stats, tsk->signal->stats, sizeof(*stats));
	send_cpu_listeners(rep_skb, listeners);
	nlmsg_free(rep_skb);
static const struct genl_ops taskstats_ops[] = {
		.cmd		= TASKSTATS_CMD_GET,
		.doit		= taskstats_user_cmd,
		.policy		= taskstats_cmd_get_policy,
		.flags		= GENL_ADMIN_PERM,
		.cmd		= CGROUPSTATS_CMD_GET,
		.doit		= cgroupstats_user_cmd,
		.policy		= cgroupstats_cmd_get_policy,
/* Needed early in initialization */
void __init taskstats_init_early(void)
	unsigned int i;
	taskstats_cache = KMEM_CACHE(taskstats, SLAB_PANIC);
	for_each_possible_cpu(i) {
		INIT_LIST_HEAD(&(per_cpu(listener_array, i).list));
		init_rwsem(&(per_cpu(listener_array, i).sem));
static int __init taskstats_init(void)
	rc = genl_register_family_with_ops(&family, taskstats_ops);
		return rc;
	family_registered = 1;
	pr_info("registered taskstats version %d\n", TASKSTATS_GENL_VERSION);
 * late initcall ensures initialization of statistics collection
 * mechanisms precedes initialization of the taskstats interface
late_initcall(taskstats_init);
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